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@Book{Westfall+Young:1993,
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} 

@Article{Noh+Song+Park:2004,
  author	= {Hyun Gon Noh and Moon Sup Song and Sung Hyun Park},
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} 


@Article{Zhang:1998,
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  volume	= {93} 
} 


@Article{Su+Fan:2004,
  author	= {Xiaogang Su and Juanjuan Fan},
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  year		= {2004},
  volume	= {60} 
} 


@Article{OBrien:2004,
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  volume	= {60} 
} 


@Article{Strasser+Weber:1999,
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  volume	= {8} 
} 


@Article{Shih:1999,
  author	= {Y.S. Shih},
  title		= {Families of Splitting Criteria for Classification Trees},
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  year		= {1999},
  volume	= {9} 
} 


@Article{Mingers:1987,
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} 


@Article{Death:2002,
  author	= {Glenn De'ath},
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  year		= {2002},
  volume	= {83},
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} 


@TechReport{Dudiot+VanDerLaan:2003,
  author	= {Sandrine Dudoit and Mark J. van der Laan},
  title		= {Unified Cross-Validation Methodology for Selection Among  
		   Estimators: Finite Sample Results, Asymptotic Optimality, and Applications},
  institution	= {Division of Biostatistics, University of California, Berkeley},
  year		= {2003},
  address	= {Berkeley},
  number	= {130},
  url		= {http://www.bepress.com/ucbbiostat/paper130} 
} 


@Article{Molinaro+Dudiot+VanDerLaan:2003,
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  year		= {2004},
  journal	= {Journal of Multivariate Analysis},
  pages		= {154-177},
  volume	= {90},
  number	= {1} 
} 


@Article{Peters+Hothorn+Lausen:2002,
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@Book{Breiman+Friedman+Olshen:1984,
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@Article{Mardin+Hothorn+Peters:2003,
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  title		= {New Glaucoma Classification Method Based on Standard {HRT} Parameters by Bagging Classification Trees},
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  pages		= {340--346},
  year		= {2003},
  volume	= {12},
  number	= {4} 
} 


@Article{Segal:1988,
  author	= {Mark R. Segal},
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  volume	= {44} 
} 


@Article{LeBlanc+Crowley:1992,
  author	= {Michael LeBlanc and John Crowley},
  title		= {Relative Risk Trees for Censored Survival Data},
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@InCollection{LeBlanc:2001,
  author	= {Michael LeBlanc},
  editor	= {John Crowley},
  title		= {Tree-Based Methods for Prognostic Stratification},
  booktitle	= {Statistics in Oncology},
  pages		= {457--472},
  year		= {2001},
  publisher	= {Marcel Dekker},
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} 


@InCollection{Schumacher+Hollaender+Schwarzer:2001a,
  author	= {Martin Schumacher and Norbert Holl\"ander and Guido Schwarzer and Willi Sauerbrei},
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  title		= {Prognostic Factor Studies},
  booktitle	= {Statistics in Oncology},
  pages		= {321--378},
  year		= {2001},
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} 


@Article{Hothorn+Hornik+Zeileis:2006,
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  year		= {2006},
  volume	= {15},
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}

@Article{Meyer+Leisch+Hornik:2003,
  author	= {David Meyer and Friedrich Leisch and Kurt Hornik},
  title		= {The Support Vector Machine Under Test},
  journal	= {Neurocomputing},
  pages		= {169--186},
  year		= {2003},
  volume	= {55},
  number	= {1--2}
}

@Article{Breiman:1996,
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}

@Book{Vapnik:1996,
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@Article{Breiman:2001,
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  pages		= {5--32},
  year		= {2001},
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  number	= {1}    
}


@Article{Buehlmann+Yu:2003,
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  pages		= {324--338},
  year		= {2003},
  volume	= {98},
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@Article{Loh+Vanichsetakul1:988,
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@Article{Kim+Loh:2001,
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  pages		= {589--604},
  year		= {2001},	   
  volume	= {96},	
  number	= {454}
}

@Article{Loh:2002,
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  title		= {Regression Trees with Unbiased Variable Selection and Interaction Detection},
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  year		= {2002},
  volume	= {12}
}

@Article{Loh+Shih:1997,
  author	= {Wei-Yin Loh and Yu-Shan Shih},
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  year		= {1997},
  volume	= {7}
}

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@Article{Su+Wang+Fan:2004,
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  year		= {2004},
  volume	= {13}
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@Article{Kim+Loh:2003,
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  year		= {2003},
  volume 	= {12}      
}

@Article{Chan+Loh:2004,
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  year		= {2004},
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}

@Article{Samarov+Spokoiny+Vial:2005,
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  number	= {470},
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@Article{Gama:2004,
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@Article{Zeileis+Hornik:2007,
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  volume	= {82},
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  author	= {Donald W. K. Andrews},
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  volume	= {61},
  pages		= {821--856}
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@Article{Andrews+Ploberger:1994,
  author	= {Donald W. K. Andrews and Werner Ploberger},
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  year		= {1994},
  volume	= {62},
  pages		= {1383--1414}
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@Article{Hjort+Koning:2002,
  author	= {Nils Lid Hjort and Alexander Koning},
  title		= {Tests for Constancy of Model Parameters over Time},
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  year		= {2002},
  volume	= {14},
  pages		= {113--132}
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@Article{Zeileis:2005,
  author	= {Achim Zeileis},
  title		= {A Unified Approach to Structural Change Tests Based on {ML}~Scores,
                   {$F$}~Statistics, and {OLS}~Residuals},
  journal	= {Econometric Reviews},
  year		= {2005},
  volume	= {24},
  pages		= {445--466}, 
  doi		= {10.1080/07474930500406053},
}

@Article{Bai+Perron:2003,
  author	= {Jushan Bai and Pierre Perron},
  title		= {Computation and Analysis of Multiple Structural Change
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  year		= {2003},
  volume	= {18},
  pages		= {1--22}
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@Article{Hawkins:2001,
  author	= {Douglas M. Hawkins},
  title		= {Fitting Multiple Change-Point Models to Data},
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  year		= {2001},
  volume	= {37},
  pages		= {323--341}
}

@Article{Chong:1995,
  author	= {Terence Tai-Leung Chong},
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  volume	= {49},
  pages		= {351--357}
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@Article{Zeileis+Kleiber+Kraemer:2003,
  author	= {Achim Zeileis and Christian Kleiber and Walter Kr{\"a}mer and
                   Kurt Hornik},
  title		= {Testing and Dating of Structural Changes in Practice},
  journal	= {Computational Statistics \& Data Analysis},
  year		= {2003},
  volume	= {44},
  number	= {1--2},
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}

@Article{Muggeo:2003,
  author	= {Vito M. R. Muggeo},
  title		= {Estimating Regression Models with Unknown Break-Points},
  journal	= {Statistics in Medicine},
  year		= {2003},
  volume	= {22},
  pages		= {3055--3071}
}

@Article{Choi+Ahn+Chen:2005,
  author	= {Yunhee Choi and Hongshik Ahn and James J. Chen},
  title		= {Regression Trees for Analysis of Count Data with
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  journal	= {Computational Statistics \& Data Analysis},
  year		= {2005},
  volume	= {49},
  issue		= {3},
  pages		= {893--915}
}

@Article{Breiman+Friedman:1985,
  author	= {Leo Breiman and Jerome H. Friedman},
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@Article{Hansen:1997,
  author	= {Bruce E. Hansen},
  title		= {Approximate Asymptotic {$p$} Values for Structural-Change Tests},
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  year		= {1997},
  volume	= {15},
  pages		= {60--67}
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@Article{Zeileis+Hothorn+Hornik:2008,
  author	= {Achim Zeileis and Torsten Hothorn and Kurt Hornik},
  title		= {Model-Based Recursive Partitioning},
  journal	= {Journal of Computational and Graphical Statistics},
  year		= {2008},
  volume	= {17},
  number	= {2},
  pages		= {492--514},
  doi		= {10.1198/106186008X319331},
}

@Article{Merkle+Zeileis:2013,
  author	= {Edgar C. Merkle and Achim Zeileis},
  title		= {Tests of Measurement Invariance without Subgroups: A Generalization of Classical Methods},
  journal	= {Psychometrika},
  year		= {2013},
  volume	= {78},
  number	= {1},
  pages		= {59--82},
  doi		= {10.1007/s11336-012-9302-4},
}

@Article{Merkle+Fan+Zeileis:2014,
  author	= {Edgar C. Merkle and Jinyan Fan and Achim Zeileis},
  title		= {Testing for Measurement Invariance with Respect to an Ordinal Variable},
  journal	= {Psychometrika},
  year		= {2014},  
  volume	= {79},
  number	= {4},
  pages		= {569--584},
  doi		= {10.1007/S11336-013-9376-7},
}

@Article{Strobl+Kopf+Zeileis:2015,
  author	= {Carolin Strobl and Julia Kopf and Achim Zeileis},
  title		= {Rasch Trees: A New Method for Detecting Differential Item Functioning in the Rasch Model},
  journal	= {Psychometrika},
  year		= {2015},
  volume	= {80},
  number	= {2},
  pages		= {289--316},
  doi		= {10.1007/s11336-013-9388-3},
}

@Article{Strobl+Wickelmaier+Zeileis:2011,
  author	= {Carolin Strobl and Florian Wickelmaier and Achim Zeileis},
  title		= {Accounting for Individual Differences in {B}radley-{T}erry
  		   Models by Means of Recursive Partitioning},
  journal	= {Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics},
  year		= {2011},
  volume	= {36},
  number	= {2},
  pages		= {135--153},
}

@Article{Gruen+Kosmidis+Zeileis:2012,
  author        = {Bettina Gr\"un and Ioannis Kosmidis and Achim Zeileis},
  title         = {Extended Beta Regression in \proglang{R}: Shaken, Stirred, Mixed, and Partitioned},
  journal       = {Journal of Statistical Software},
  year          = {2012},
  volume        = {48},
  number        = {11},
  pages         = {1--25},
  doi           = {10.18637/jss.v048.i11}
}

@Article{Rusch+Lee+Hornik:2013,
  author	= {Thomas Rusch and Ilro Lee and Kurt Hornik and Wolfgang Jank and Achim Zeileis},
  title		= {Influencing Elections with Statistics: Targeting Voters with Logistic Regression Trees},
  journal	= {The Annals of Applied Statistics},
  year		= {2013},
  volume	= {7},
  number	= {3},
  pages		= {1612--1639},
}

@Article{Hamermesh+Parker:2005,
  author	= {Daniel S. Hamermesh and Amy Parker},
  title		= {Beauty in the Classroom: Instructors' Pulchritude and Putative Pedagogical Productivity},
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  year		= {2005},
  volume	= {24},
  pages		= {369--376},
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@Article{Loh:2014,
  author	= {Wei-Yin Loh},
  title		= {Fifty Years of Classification and Regression Trees},
  journal	= {International Statistical Review},
  year		= {2014},
  volume	= {82},
  number	= {3},
  pages		= {329--348},
  doi		= {10.1111/insr.12016}
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@Book{Witten+Frank:2005,
  title	       = {Data Mining: Practical Machine Learning Tools and Techniques},
  author       = {Ian H. Witten and Eibe Frank},
  year	       = {2005},
  edition      = {2nd},
  publisher    = {Morgan Kaufmann},
  address      = {San Francisco},
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@Book{Witten+Frank:2011,
  title	       = {Data Mining: Practical Machine Learning Tools and Techniques},
  author       = {Ian H. Witten and Eibe Frank},
  year	       = {2011},
  edition      = {3nd},
  publisher    = {Morgan Kaufmann},
  address      = {San Francisco},
}


@Article{Theussl+Zeileis:2009,
  author	= {Stefan Theu{\ss}l and Achim Zeileis},
  title		= {Collaborative Software Development Using \proglang{R}-{F}orge},
  journal	= {The \proglang{R} Journal},
  year		= {2009},
  volume	= {1},
  number	= {1},
  pages		= {9--14},
  month		= {May},
  url		= {https://journal.R-project.org/}
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@Manual{R,
  title = {R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing},
  author = {{R Core Team}},
  organization = {R Foundation for Statistical Computing},
  address = {Vienna, Austria},
  year = {2026},
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  url = {https://www.R-project.org/},
}

@Article{evtree,
  author	= {Thomas Grubinger and Achim Zeileis and Karl-Peter Pfeiffer},
  title		= {\pkg{evtree}: Evolutionary Learning of Globally Optimal
  		   Classification and Regression Trees in \proglang{R}},
  journal	= {Journal of Statistical Software},
  year		= {2014},
  volume	= {61},
  number	= {1},
  month	        = {1--29},
  doi		= {10.18637/jss.v061.i01}
}

@Article{RWeka,
  author	= {Kurt Hornik and Christian Buchta and Achim Zeileis},
  title		= {Open-Source Machine Learning: \proglang{R} Meets \pkg{Weka}},
  journal	= {Computational Statistics},
  year		= {2009},
  volume	= {24},
  number	= {2},
  pages		= {225--232},
}

@Article{Formula,
  author	= {Achim Zeileis and Yves Croissant},
  title		= {Extended Model Formulas in \proglang{R}: Multiple Parts and Multiple Responses},
  journal	= {Journal of Statistical Software},
  year		= {2010},
  volume	= {34},
  number	= {1},
  pages		= {1--13},
  doi		= {10.18637/jss.v034.i01}
}

@Article{sandwich,
  author	= {Achim Zeileis},
  title		= {Object-Oriented Computation of Sandwich Estimators},
  year		= {2006},
  journal	= {Journal of Statistical Software},
  volume	= {16},
  number	= {9},
  pages		= {1--16},
  doi		= {10.18637/jss.v016.i09}
}

@Article{strucchange,
  author	= {Achim Zeileis and Friedrich Leisch and Kurt Hornik and Christian Kleiber},
  title		= {\pkg{strucchange}: {A}n \proglang{R} Package for Testing
                   for Structural Change in Linear Regression Models},
  journal	= {Journal of Statistical Software},
  year		= {2002},
  volume	= {7},
  number	= {2},
  pages		= {1--38},
  doi		= {10.18637/jss.v007.i02}
}

@Article{vcd,
  author	= {David Meyer and Achim Zeileis and Kurt Hornik},
  title		= {The Strucplot Framework: Visualizing Multi-Way Contingency
                   Tables with \pkg{vcd}},
  journal	= {Journal of Statistical Software},
  year		= {2006},
  volume	= {17},
  number	= {3},
  pages		= {1--48},
  doi		= {10.18637/jss.v017.i03}
}

@Book{AER,
  title		= {Applied Econometrics with \proglang{R}},
  author	= {Christian Kleiber and Achim Zeileis},
  year		= {2008},
  publisher	= {Springer-Verlag},
  address	= {New York},
  url		= {https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=AER}
}

@Book{rattle,
  title		= {Data Mining with \pkg{rattle} and \proglang{R}: The Art of Excavating Data for Knowledge Discovery},
  author	= {Graham Williams},
  year		= {2011},
  publisher	= {Springer-Verlag},
  address	= {New York},
  url		= {https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=rattle},
}

@Misc{mlbench2,
  author 	= {K. Bache and M. Lichman},
  year 		= {2013},
  title 	= {{UCI} Machine Learning Repository},
  url 		= {https://archive.ics.uci.edu/ml/},
  institution 	= {University of California, Irvine, School of Information and Computer Sciences}
}

@Misc{SynthDiabetes,
  title		= {SynthDiabetes: Synthetic Diabetes Database},
  author	= {Matthias Templ},
  year		= {2026},
  note		= {Part of R package mlbench version 2.1-11},
  doi		= {10.32614/CRAN.package.mlbench},
}

@Misc{ctv,
  author	= {Torsten Hothorn},
  title		= {{CRAN} Task View: Machine Learning \& Statistical Learning},
  year		= {2014},
  note		= {Version~2014-08-30},
  url		= {https://CRAN.R-project.org/view=MachineLearning},
}

@Misc{DMG:2014,
  author	= {{Data Mining Group}},
  title		= {Predictive Model Markup Language},
  year		= {2014},
  note		= {Version~4.2},
  url		= {https://dmg.org/}
}

@Article{Friendly+Symanzik+Onder:2019,
  author	= {Michael Friendly and J\"urgen Symanzik and Ortac Onder},
  title		= {Visualising the {T}itanic Disaster},
  journal	= {Significance},
  year		= {2019},
  volume	= {16},
  number	= {1},
  pages		= {14--19},
  doi		= {10.1111/j.1740-9713.2019.01229.x}
}

@Misc{Lumley:2020,
  author	= {Thomas Lumley},
  title		= {Weights in Statistics},
  year		= {2020},
  note		= {Biased and Inefficient -- Blog post on 2020-08-04},
  url		= {https://notstatschat.rbind.io/2020/08/04/weights-in-statistics/}
}

@Article{Wager_Athey_2018,
  author = {Stefan Wager and Susan Athey},
  title = {Estimation and Inference of Heterogeneous Treatment Effects Using Random Forests},
  journal = {Journal of the American Statistical Association},
  volume = {113},
  number = {523},
  pages = {1228--1242},
  year = {2018},
  publisher = {Taylor & Francis},
  doi = {10.1080/01621459.2017.1319839},
}

@Article{Hothorn+Lausen+Benner:2004,
  author = {Torsten Hothorn and Berthold Lausen and Axel Benner and Martin Radespiel-Tr{\"o}ger},
  title = {Bagging Survival Trees},
  journal = {Statistics in Medicine},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {23},
  number = {1},
  pages = {77--91},
  pmid = {14695641},
  doi = {10.1002/sim.1593},
}

@article{Meinshausen_2006,
  author = {Nicolai Meinshausen},
  title = {Quantile Regression Forests},
  journal = {Journal of Machine Learning Research},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {7},
  pages = {983--999},
  url = {http://www.jmlr.org/papers/v7/meinshausen06a.html}
}

@Article{Hothorn+Buehlmann+Dudoit:2006,
  author = {Torsten Hothorn and Peter B{\"u}hlmann and Sandrine Dudoit and 
            Annette Molinaro and Mark J. van der Laan},
  title = {Survival Ensembles},
  journal = {Biostatistics},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {7},
  number = {3},
  pages = {355--373},
  pmid = {16344280},
  doi = {10.1093/biostatistics/kxj011},
}

@Article{Strobl+Boulesteix+Zeileis:2006,
  author = {Carolin Strobl and Anne-Laure Boulesteix and Achim Zeileis and Torsten Hothorn},
  title = {Bias in Random Forest Variable Importance Measures: {I}llustrations, 
           Sources and a Solution},
  journal = {BMC Bioinformatics},
  year = 2007,
  volume = 8,
  pages = {25},
  doi = {10.1186/1471-2105-8-25},
}

@article{Strobl+Malley+Tutz:2009,
  title={An Introduction to Recursive Partitioning: Rationale, Application, and Characteristics of
         Classification and Regression Trees, Bagging, and Random Forests},
  author={Strobl, Carolin and Malley, James and Tutz, Gerhard},
  journal={Psychological Methods},
  volume={14},
  number={4},
  pages={323--348},
  year={2009},
  doi={10.1037/a0016973}
}

@article{Twala+Jones+Hand:2008,
  author = {B.E.T.H. Twala and M.C. Jones and D.J. Hand},
  title = {Good Methods for Coping with Missing Data in Decision Trees},
  journal = {Pattern Recognition Letters},
  volume = {29},
  number = {7},
  pages = {950--956},
  year = {2008},
  doi = {10.1016/j.patrec.2008.01.010},
}

@misc{Galili+Meilijson:2016,
  title={Splitting Matters: How
         Monotone Transformation of Predictor Variables May Improve the
         Predictions of Decision Tree Models},
  author={Tal Galili and Isaac Meilijson},
  year={2016},
  doi={10.48550/arXiv.1611.04561},
}

@Article{Hothorn+Hornik+Wiel+Zeileis:2006,
  author = {Torsten Hothorn and Kurt Hornik and
            Mark A. van de Wiel and Achim Zeileis}, 
  title = {A {L}ego System for Conditional Inference}, 
  journal = {The American Statistician},
  year = {2006}, 
  volume = {60}, 
  number = {3}, 
  pages = {257--263}, 
  doi = {10.1198/000313006X118430}, 
}

@article{Hothorn_Zeileis_2015,
  author = {Torsten Hothorn and Achim Zeileis},
  title = {{partykit}: A Modular Toolkit for Recursive Partytioning in {R}},
  journal = {Journal of Machine Learning Research},
  year = {2015},
  volume = 16,
  pages = {3905--3909},
  url = {http://jmlr.org/papers/v16/hothorn15a.html},
}

@Article{Meyer+Zeileis+Hornik:2006,
  author =       {David Meyer and Achim Zeileis and Kurt Hornik},
  title =        {The Strucplot Framework: Visualizing Multi-Way Contingency
                  Tables with \pkg{vcd}},
  journal =      {Journal of Statistical Software},
  year =         2006,
  volume =       17,
  number =       3,
  doi =          {10.18637/jss.v017.i03}
}

@article{Hapfelmeier_Hothorn_Ulm_Strobl_2014,
  author = {Alexander Hapfelmeier and Torsten Hothorn and 
            Kurt Ulm and Carolin Strobl},
  title = {A New Variable Importance Measure for Random Forests
           with Missing Data},
  journal = {Statistics and Computing},
  year = 2014,
  volume = 24,
  number = 1,
  pages = {21--34},
  doi = {10.1007/s11222-012-9349-1}
}

@article{Strobl+Boulesteix+Kneib:2008,
  author = {Strobl, Carolin and Boulesteix, Anne-Laure and Kneib, Thomas and Augustin, Thomas
            and Zeileis, Achim},
  year = {2008},
  title = {Conditional Variable Importance for Random Forests},
  journal = {BMC Bioinformatics},
  number = {307},
  volume = {9},
  doi = {10.1186/1471-2105-9-307}
}



