Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)                   D. Eastlake 3rd
Request for Comments: 7042                                        Huawei
BCP: 141                                                        J. Abley
Obsoletes: 5342                                                    ICANN                                                Dyn, Inc.
Updates: 2153                                               October 2013
Category: Best Current Practice
ISSN: 2070-1721

     IANA Considerations and IETF Protocol and Documentation Usage
                        for IEEE 802 Parameters

Abstract

   Some IETF protocols make use of Ethernet frame formats and IEEE 802
   parameters.  This document discusses some use several uses of such parameters
   in IETF protocols, specifies IANA considerations for assignment of
   points under the IANA OUI (Organizationally Unique Identifier), and
   provides some values for use in documentation.  This document
   obsoletes RFC 5342.

Status of This Memo

   This memo documents an Internet Best Current Practice.

   This document is a product of the Internet Engineering Task Force
   (IETF).  It represents the consensus of the IETF community.  It has
   received public review and has been approved for publication by the
   Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG).  Further information on
   BCPs is available in Section 2 of RFC 5741.

   Information about the current status of this document, any errata,
   and how to provide feedback on it may be obtained at
   http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7042.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (c) 2013 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
   document authors.  All rights reserved.

   This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
   Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
   (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
   publication of this document.  Please review these documents
   carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect
   to this document.  Code Components extracted from this document must
   include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of
   the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
   described in the Simplified BSD License.

Table of Contents

   1. Introduction ....................................................3
      1.1. Notations Used in This Document ............................3
      1.2. Changes from RFC 5342 ......................................4
      1.3. The IEEE Registration Authority ............................4
      1.4. The IANA OUI ...............................................5
   2. Ethernet Identifier Parameters ..................................5
      2.1. 48-Bit MAC Identifiers, OUIs, and Other Prefixes ...........5
           2.1.1. EUI-48 Assignments under the IANA OUI ...............6
           2.1.2. EUI-48 Documentation Values .........................7
           2.1.3. EUI-48 IANA Assignment Considerations ...............7
      2.2. 64-Bit MAC Identifiers .....................................8
           2.2.1. IPv6 Use of Modified EUI-64 Identifiers .............9
           2.2.2. EUI-64 IANA Assignment Considerations ..............10
           2.2.3. EUI-64 Documentation Values ........................11
      2.3. Other MAC-48 Identifiers Used by the IETF .................12
           2.3.1. Identifiers Prefixed "33-33" .......................12
           2.3.2. The 'CF Series' ....................................13
                  2.3.2.1. Changes to RFC 2153 .......................13
   3. Ethernet Protocol Parameters ...................................13
      3.1. Ethernet Protocol Assignment under the IANA OUI ...........15
      3.2. Documentation Protocol Number .............................16
   4. Other OUI-Based Parameters .....................................16
   5. IANA Considerations ............................................17
      5.1. Expert Review and IESG Ratification .......................17
      5.2. MAC Address AFNs and RRTYPEs ..............................19
      5.3. Informational IANA Web Page Material ......................19
      5.4. OUI Exhaustion ............................................19
      5.5. IANA OUI MAC Address Table ................................19
      5.6. SNAP Protocol Number Table and Assignment .................19
   6. Security Considerations ........................................20
   7. Acknowledgements ...............................................20
   8. References .....................................................21
      8.1. Normative References ......................................21
      8.2. Informative References ....................................21
   Appendix A. Templates .............................................24
      A.1. EUI-48/EUI-64 Identifier or Identifier Block Template .....24
      A.2. IANA OUI-Based Protocol Number Template ...................24
      A.3. Other IANA OUI-Based Parameter Template ...................25
   Appendix B. Ethertypes ............................................25
      B.1. Some Ethertypes Specified by the IETF .....................25
      B.2. Some IEEE 802 Ethertypes ..................................26
   Appendix C. Documentation Protocol Number .........................26

1.  Introduction

   Some IETF protocols use Ethernet or other [IEEE] IEEE 802-related
   communication frame formats and parameters [IEEE802].  These include
   MAC (Media Access Control) identifiers and protocol identifiers.

   This document specifies IANA considerations for the assignment of
   code points under the IANA OUI.  It also discusses some several other uses
   by the IETF
   use of IEEE 802 code points and provides some values for use
   in documentation.  As noted in [RFC2606] and [RFC5737], the use of
   designated code values reserved for documentation and examples
   reduces the likelihood of conflicts and confusion arising from their
   duplication of code points assigned for some deployed use.

   [RFC5226] is incorporated herein except where there are contrary
   provisions in this document.  In this document, "IESG Ratification"
   is used in some cases, and it is specified in Section 5.1.  This is
   not the same as "IESG Approval" in [RFC5226].

1.1.  Notations Used in This Document

   This document uses hexadecimal notation.  Each octet (that is, 8-bit
   byte) is represented by two hexadecimal digits giving the value of
   the octet as an unsigned integer.  Successive octets are separated by
   a hyphen.  This document consistently uses IETF bit ordering although
   the physical order of bit transmission within an octet on an IEEE
   [802.3] link is from the lowest order bit to the highest order bit
   (i.e., the reverse of the IETF's ordering).

   In this document:

   "AFN"    stands for Address Family Number [RFC4760].

   "EUI"    stands for Extended Unique Identifier.

   "IAB"    stands for Individual Address Block, not for Internet
            Architecture Board.

   "MAC"    stands for Media Access Control, not for Message
            Authentication Code.

   "OUI"    stands for Organizationally Unique Identifier.

   "RRTYPE" stands for a DNS Resource Record type [RFC6895].

   "**"     indicates exponentiation.  For example, 2**24 is two to the
            twenty-fourth power.

1.2.  Changes from RFC 5342

   o  Added MAC addresses and IANA OUI-based protocol and other values
      for use in documentation, and added relevant Security
      Considerations language.

   o  Eliminated any requirements for parallel unicast and multicast
      assignment unless requested.  Such requirements had been included
      in [RFC5342] on the theory they would make bookkeeping easier for
      IANA but they have proved to be problematic in practice.

   o  Re-casted informational material about relevant IEEE assignment
      policies to take into account [RAC-OUI].

   o  Added AFNs and RRTYPEs for 48-bit and 64-bit MACs.

1.3.  The IEEE Registration Authority

   Originally the responsibility of Xerox Corporation, the registration
   authority for Ethernet parameters, parameters is now the IEEE Registration
   Authority, available on the web at:

      http://standards.ieee.org/regauth/

   Anyone may apply to that Authority for parameters.  They may impose
   fees or other requirements but commonly waive fees for applications
   from standards development organizations.

   A list of some assignments and their holders is downloadable from the
   IEEE Registration Authority site.

1.4.  The IANA OUI

   The OUI 00-00-5E has been assigned to IANA.

   There is no OUI value reserved at this time for documentation, but
   there are documentation code points under the IANA OUI specified
   below.

2.  Ethernet Identifier Parameters

   Section 2.1 discusses EUI-48 (Extended Unique Identifier 48) MAC
   identifiers, their relationship to OUIs and other prefixes, and
   assignments under the IANA OUI.  Section 2.2 extends this to EUI-64
   identifiers.  Section 2.3 discusses other IETF MAC identifier use not
   under the IANA OUI.

   [RAC-OUI] indicates that the IEEE Registration Authority Committee is
   exploring the feasibility of defining a new "EUI-128" identifier.

2.1.  48-Bit MAC Identifiers, OUIs, and Other Prefixes

   48-bit MAC "addresses" are the most commonly used Ethernet interface
   identifiers.  Those that are globally unique are also called EUI-48
   identifiers.  An EUI-48 is structured into an initial 3-octet OUI
   (Organizationally Unique Identifier) and an additional 3 octets
   assigned by the OUI holder or into a larger initial prefix assigned
   to an organization and a shorter sequence of additional bits so as to
   add up to 48 bits in total.  For example, the IEEE has assigned IABs
   (Individual Address Blocks), where the first 4 1/2 octets (36 bits)
   are assigned, giving the holder of the IAB 1 1/2 octets (12 bits)
   they can control; however, IABs will become historic, and a wider
   range of prefix lengths will be made available [RAC-OUI].

   The IEEE describes its assignment procedures and policies for IEEE
   802-related identifiers in [802_O&A], which is being revised.

   Two bits within the initial octet of an EUI-48 have special
   significance in MAC addresses: the Group bit (01) and the Local bit
   (02).  OUIs and longer MAC prefixes are assigned with the Local bit
   zero and the Group bit unspecified.  Multicast identifiers may be
   constructed by turning on the Group bit, and unicast identifiers may
   be constructed by leaving the Group bit zero.

   For

   The Local bit is zero for globally unique EUI-48 identifiers assigned
   by the owner of an OUI or the owner of a longer prefix, the Local bit is zero. prefix.  If the Local bit
   is a one, the identifier has been considered by IEEE 802 to be a
   local identifier under the control of the local network
   administrator; however, there may be emerging recommendations from
   the IEEE Registration Authority on management of the local address
   space.  If the Local bit is on, the holder of an OUI has no special
   authority over MAC identifiers whose first 3 octets correspond to
   their OUI.

   An AFN and a DNS RRTYPE have been assigned for 48-bit MAC addresses
   (see Section 5.2).

2.1.1.  EUI-48 Assignments under the IANA OUI

   The OUI 00-00-5E has been assigned to IANA as stated in Section 1.4
   above.  This includes 2**24 EUI-48 multicast identifiers from
   01-00-5E-00-00-00 to 01-00-5E-FF-FF-FF and 2**24 EUI-48 unicast
   identifiers from 00-00-5E-00-00-00 to 00-00-5E-FF-FF-FF.

   Of these EUI-48 identifiers, the sub-blocks reserved or thus far
   assigned by IANA for purposes of documentation are as follows:

   Unicast, all blocks of 2**8 addresses thus far:

      00-00-5E-00-00-00 through 00-00-5E-00-00-FF: reserved and require
         IESG Ratification for assignment (see Section 5.1).

      00-00-5E-00-01-00 through 00-00-5E-00-01-FF: assigned for the
         Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) [RFC5798].

      00-00-5E-00-02-00 through 00-00-5E-00-02-FF: assigned for the IPv6
         Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (IPv6 VRRP) [RFC5798].

      00-00-5E-00-52-00 through 00-00-5E-00-52-FF: used for very small
         assignments.  Currently, 3 out of these 256 values have been
         assigned.

      00-00-5E-00-53-00 through 00-00-5E-00-53-FF: assigned for use in
         documentation.

   Multicast:

      01-00-5E-00-00-00 through 01-00-5E-7F-FF-FF: 2**23 addresses
         assigned for IPv4 multicast [RFC1112].

      01-00-5E-80-00-00 through 01-00-5E-8F-FF-FF: 2**20 addresses
         assigned for MPLS multicast [RFC5332].

      01-00-5E-90-00-00 through 01-00-5E-90-00-FF: 2**8 addresses being
         used for very small assignments.  Currently, 4 out of these 256
         values have been assigned.

      01-00-5E-90-10-00 through 01-00-5E-90-10-FF: 2**8 addresses for
         use in documentation.

   For more detailed and up-to-date information, see the "Ethernet
   Numbers" registry at http://www.iana.org.

2.1.2.  EUI-48 Documentation Values

   The following values have been assigned for use in documentation:

      00-00-5E-00-53-00 through 00-00-5E-00-53-FF for unicast and

      01-00-5E-90-10-00 through 01-00-5E-90-10-FF for multicast.

2.1.3.  EUI-48 IANA Assignment Considerations

   EUI-48 assignments under the current or a future IANA OUI (see
   Section 5.4) must meet the following requirements:

      o  must be for standards purposes (either for an IETF Standard or
         other standard related to IETF work),

      o  must be for a power-of-two size block of power-of-two identifiers starting
         at a boundary that is an equal or greater power of two,
         including the assignment of one (2**0) identifier,

      o  must not be used to evade the requirement for vendors to obtain
         their own block of identifiers from the IEEE, and

      o  must be documented in an Internet-Draft or RFC.

   In addition, approval must be obtained as follows (see the procedure
   in Section 5.1):

      Small to medium assignments of a block of 1, 2, 4, ..., 32768,
         65536 (2**0, 2**1, 2**2, ..., 2**15, 2**16) EUI-48 identifiers
         require Expert Review [RFC5226]. (see Section 5.1).

      Large assignments of 131072 (2**17) or more EUI-48 identifiers
         require IESG Ratification (see Section 5.1).

   ([RFC5342] had a requirement for parallel unicast and multicast
   assignments under some circumstances even when one of the types was
   not included in the application.  That requirement has proved
   impractical and is eliminated in this document.)

2.2.  64-Bit MAC Identifiers

   IEEE also defines a system of 64-bit MAC identifiers including
   EUI-64s.  EUI-64 identifiers are currently used as follows:

      o  In a modified form to construct some IPv6 interface identifiers
         as described in Section 2.2.1

      o  In IEEE Std 1394 (also known as FireWire and i.Link)

      o  In IEEE Std 802.15.4 (also known as ZigBee)

      o  In [InfiniBand]

   Adding a 5-octet (40-bit) extension to a 3-octet (24-bit) OUI, or a
   shorter extension to longer assigned prefixes [RAC-OUI] so as to
   total 64 bits, produces an EUI-64 identifier under that OUI or longer
   prefix.  As with EUI-48 identifiers, the first octet has the same
   Group and Local bits.

   An AFN and a DNS RRTYPE have been assigned for 64-bit MAC addresses
   (see Section 5.2).

   The discussion below is almost entirely in terms of the "Modified"
   form of EUI-64 identifiers; however, anyone assigned such an
   identifier can also use the unmodified form as a MAC identifier on
   any link that uses such 64-bit identifiers for interfaces.

2.2.1.  IPv6 Use of Modified EUI-64 Identifiers

   MAC-64 identifiers are used to form the lower 64 bits of some IPv6
   addresses (Section 2.5.1 and Appendix A of [RFC4291] and Appendix A
   of [RFC5214]).  When so used, the MAC-64 is modified by inverting the
   Local/Global bit to form an IETF "Modified EUI-64 identifier".  Below
   is an illustration of a Modified EUI-64 unicast identifier under the
   IANA OUI, where aa-bb-cc-dd-ee is the extension.

      02-00-5E-aa-bb-cc-dd-ee

   The first octet is shown as 02 rather than 00 because, in Modified
   EUI-64 identifiers, the sense of the Local/Global bit is inverted
   compared with EUI-48 identifiers.  It is the globally unique values
   (universal scope) that have the 02 bit on in the first octet, while
   those with this bit off are locally assigned and out of scope for
   global assignment.

   The Local/Global bit was inverted to make it easier for network
   operators to type in local-scope identifiers.  Thus, such Modified
   EUI-64 identifiers as 1, 2, etc. (ignoring leading zeros) are local.
   Without the modification, they would have to be
   02-00-00-00-00-00-00-01, 02-00-00-00-00-00-00-02, etc. to be local.

   As with MAC-48 identifiers, the 01 bit on in the first octet
   indicates a group identifier.

   When the first two octets of the extension of a Modified EUI-64
   identifier are FF-FE, the remainder of the extension is a 24-bit
   value as assigned by the OUI owner for an EUI-48.  For example:

      02-00-5E-FF-FE-yy-yy-yy
   or
      03-00-5E-FF-FE-yy-yy-yy

   where yy-yy-yy is the portion (of an EUI-48 global unicast or
   multicast identifier) that is assigned by the OUI owner (IANA in this
   case).  Thus, any holder of one or more EUI-48 identifiers under the
   IANA OUI also has an equal number of Modified EUI-64 identifiers that
   can be formed by inserting FF-FE in the middle of their EUI-48
   identifiers and inverting the Local/Global bit.

      (Note: [EUI-64] defines FF-FF as the bits to be inserted to create
      an IEEE EUI-64 identifier from a MAC-48 identifier.  That document
      says the FF-FE value is used when starting with an EUI-48
      identifier.  The IETF uses only FF-FE to create Modified EUI-64
      identifiers from 48-bit Ethernet station identifiers regardless of
      whether they are EUI-48 or MAC-48 local identifiers.  EUI-48 and
      local MAC-48 identifiers are syntactically equivalent, and this
      doesn't cause any problems in practice.)

   In addition, certain Modified EUI-64 identifiers under the IANA OUI
   are reserved for holders of IPv4 addresses as follows:

      02-00-5E-FE-xx-xx-xx-xx

   where xx-xx-xx-xx is a 32-bit IPv4 address.  The owner of an IPv4
   address has both the unicast- and multicast-derived EUI-64 address.
   Modified EUI-64 identifiers from

      02-00-5E-FE-F0-00-00-00 to 02-00-5E-FE-FF-FF-FF-FF

   are effectively reserved pending the specification of IPv4 Class E
   addresses.  However, for Modified EUI-64 identifiers based on an IPv4
   address, the Local/Global bit should be set to correspond to whether
   the IPv4 address is local or global.  (Keep in mind that the sense of
   the Modified EUI-64 identifier Local/Global bit is reversed from that
   in (unmodified) MAC-64 identifiers.)

2.2.2.  EUI-64 IANA Assignment Considerations

   The following table shows which Modified EUI-64 identifiers under the
   IANA OUI are reserved, assigned, or available as indicated.  As noted
   above, the corresponding MAC addresses can be determined by
   complementing the 02 bit in the first octet.  In all cases, the
   corresponding multicast 64-bit MAC addresses formed by complementing
   the 01 bit in the first octet have the same status as the modified
   64-bit unicast address blocks listed below.

      02-00-5E-00-00-00-00-00 to 02-00-5E-0F-FF-FF-FF-FF reserved

      02-00-5E-10-00-00-00-00 to 02-00-5E-10-00-00-00-FF assigned for
         documentation use

      02-00-5E-EF-10-00-00-00

      02-00-5E-10-00-00-01-00 to 02-00-5E-EF-FF-FF-FF-FF, which is
         available for assignment

      02-00-5E-F0-00-00-00-00 to 02-00-5E-FD-FF-FF-FF-FF reserved

      02-00-5E-FE-00-00-00-00 to 02-00-5E-FE-FF-FF-FF-FF assigned to
         IPv4 address holders as described above

      02-00-5E-FF-00-00-00-00 to 02-00-5E-FF-FD-FF-FF-FF reserved
      02-00-5E-FF-FE-00-00-00 to 02-00-5E-FF-FE-FF-FF-FF assigned for
         holders of EUI-48 identifiers under the IANA OUI as described
         above

      02-00-5E-FF-FF-00-00-00 to 02-00-5E-FF-FF-FF-FF-FF reserved

   The reserved identifiers above require IESG Ratification (see
   Section 5.1) for assignment.  IANA EUI-64 identifier assignments
   under the IANA OUI must meet the following requirements:

      o  must be for standards purposes (either for an IETF Standard or
         other standard related to IETF work),

      o  must be for a power-of-two size block of power-of-two identifiers starting
         at a boundary that is an equal or greater power of two,
         including the assignment of one (2**0) identifier,

      o  must not be used to evade the requirement for vendors to obtain
         their own block of identifiers from the IEEE, and

      o  must be documented in an Internet-Draft or RFC.

   In addition, approval must be obtained as follows (see the procedure
   in Section 5.1):

      Small to medium assignments of a block of 1, 2, 4, ..., 134217728,
         268435456 (2**0, 2**1, 2**2, ..., 2**27, 2**28) EUI-64
         identifiers require Expert Review. Review (see Section 5.1).

      Assignments of any size, including 536870912 (2**29) or more
         EUI-64 identifiers, may be made with IESG Ratification (see
         Section 5.1).

2.2.3.  EUI-64 Documentation Values

   The following blocks of unmodified 64-bit MAC addresses are for
   documentation use.  The IPv4-derived addresses are based on the IPv4
   documentation addresses [RFC5737], and the MAC-derived addresses are
   based on the EUI-48 documentation addresses above.

   Unicast:

      00-00-5E-EF-10-00-00-00 to 00-00-5E-EF-10-00-00-FF general

      00-00-5E-FE-C0-00-02-00 to 00-00-5E-FE-C0-00-02-FF and
      00-00-5E-FE-C6-33-64-00 to 00-00-5E-FE-C6-33-64-FF and
      00-00-5E-FE-CB-00-71-00 to 00-00-5E-FE-CB-00-71-FF IPv4 derived
      00-00-5E-FF-FE-00-53-00 to 00-00-5E-FF-FE-00-53-FF EUI-48 derived

      00-00-5E-FE-EA-C0-00-02 and
      00-00-5E-FE-EA-C6-33-64 and
      00-00-5E-FE-EA-CB-00-71 IPv4 multicast derived from IPv4 unicast
         [RFC6034]

   Multicast:

      01-00-5E-EF-10-00-00-00 to 01-00-5E-EF-10-00-00-FF general

      01-00-5E-FE-C0-00-02-00 to 01-00-5E-FE-C0-00-02-FF and
      01-00-5E-FE-C6-33-64-00 to 01-00-5E-FE-C6-33-64-FF and
      01-00-5E-FE-CB-00-71-00 to 01-00-5E-FE-CB-00-71-FF IPv4 derived

      01-00-5E-FE-EA-C0-00-02 and
      01-00-5E-FE-EA-C6-33-64 and
      01-00-5E-FE-EA-CB-00-71 IPv4 multicast derived from IPv4 unicast
         [RFC6034]

      01-00-5E-FF-FE-90-10-00 to 01-00-5E-FF-FE-90-10-FF EUI-48 derived

2.3.  Other MAC-48 Identifiers Used by the IETF

   There are two other blocks of MAC-48 identifiers that are used by the
   IETF as described below.

2.3.1.  Identifiers Prefixed "33-33"

   All MAC-48 multicast identifiers prefixed "33-33" (that is, the 2**32
   multicast MAC identifiers in the range from 33-33-00-00-00-00 to
   33-33-FF-FF-FF-FF) are used as specified in [RFC2464] for IPv6
   multicast.  In all of these identifiers, the Group bit (the bottom
   bit of the first octet) is on, as is required to work properly with
   existing hardware as a multicast identifier.  They also have the
   Local bit on and are used for this purpose in IPv6 networks.

      (Historical note: It was the custom during IPv6 design to use "3"
      for unknown or example values, and 3333 Coyote Hill Road, Palo
      Alto, California, is the address of PARC (Palo Alto Research
      Center, formerly "Xerox PARC").  Ethernet was originally specified
      by the Digital Equipment Corporation, Intel Corporation, and Xerox
      Corporation.  The pre-IEEE [802.3] Ethernet protocol has sometimes
      been known as "DIX" Ethernet from the first letters of the names
      of these companies.)

2.3.2.  The 'CF Series'

   The Informational [RFC2153] declared the 3-octet values from CF-00-00
   through CF-FF-FF to be OUIs available for assignment by IANA to
   software vendors for use in PPP [RFC1661] or for other uses where
   vendors do not otherwise need an IEEE-assigned OUI.  It should be
   noted that, when used as MAC-48 prefixes, these values have the Local
   and Group bits on, while all IEEE-assigned OUIs thus far have those
   bits off.  The Group bit is meaningless in PPP.  To quote [RFC2153]:
   "The 'CF0000' series was arbitrarily chosen to match the PPP NLPID
   'CF', as a matter of mnemonic convenience."

      CF-00-00 is reserved, and IANA lists multicast identifier
      CF-00-00-00-00-00 as used for Ethernet loopback tests.

   In over a decade of availability, only a handful of values in the
   'CF Series' have been assigned.  (See http://www.iana.org under both
   Ethernet Parameters "Ethernet Numbers"
   <http://www.iana.org/assignments/ethernet-numbers> and PPP Parameters.) "PPP Numbers"
   <http://www.iana.org/assignments/ppp-numbers>).

2.3.2.1.  Changes to RFC 2153

   The IANA Considerations in [RFC2153] are were updated as follows by the
   approval of [RFC5342] (no technical changes are made): were made at that time):

      o  Use of these identifiers based on IANA assignment is was
         deprecated.

      o  IANA is directed was instructed not to assign any further values in the
         'CF Series'.

3.  Ethernet Protocol Parameters

   Ethernet protocol parameters provide a means of indicating the
   contents of a frame -- for example, that its contents are IPv4 or
   IPv6.

   The concept has been extended to labeling by "tags".  A tag in this
   sense is a prefix whose type is identified by an Ethertype that is
   then followed by either another tag, an Ethertype, or an LSAP (Link-
   Layer Subnet Service Access Point) protocol indicator for the "main" body of
   the frame, as described below.  Traditionally, in the [802_O&A]
   world, tags are a fixed length and do not include any encoding of
   their own length.  Any device that is processing a frame cannot, in
   general, safely process anything in the frame past an Ethertype it
   does not understand.  An example is the C-tag C-Tag (formerly the Q-tag) Q-Tag)
   [802.1Q].  It provides customer VLAN and priority information for a
   frame.

   There are two types of protocol identifier parameters that can occur
   in Ethernet frames after the initial MAC-48 destination and source
   identifiers:

      Ethertypes: These are 16-bit identifiers appearing as the initial
         two octets after the MAC destination and source (or after a
         tag), which, when considered as an unsigned integer, are equal
         to or larger than 0x0600.

      LSAPs: These are 8-bit protocol identifiers that occur in pairs
         immediately after an initial 16-bit (two-octet) remaining frame
         length, which is in turn after the MAC destination and source
         (or after a tag).  Such a length must, when considered as an
         unsigned integer, be less than 0x5DC, or it could be mistaken
         as an Ethertype.  LSAPs occur in pairs where one is intended to
         indicate the source protocol handler and one the destination
         protocol handler; however, use cases where the two are
         different have been relatively rare.

   Neither Ethertypes nor LSAPs are assigned by IANA; they are assigned
   by the IEEE Registration Authority (see Section 1.3 above and the
   Ethertype Annex below).
   Appendix B).  However, both LSAPs and Ethertypes have extension
   mechanisms so that they can be used with five-octet Ethernet protocol
   identifiers under an OUI, including those assigned by IANA under the
   IANA OUI.

   When using the IEEE 802 Logical Link Control (LLC) format (Subnetwork
   Access Protocol (SNAP)) [802_O&A] for a frame, an OUI-based protocol
   identifier can be expressed as follows:

      xx-xx-AA-AA-03-yy-yy-yy-zz-zz

   where xx-xx is the frame length and, as above, must be small enough
   not to be confused with an Ethertype; "AA" is the LSAP that indicates
   this use and is sometimes referred to as the SNAP Service Access
   Point (SAP); "03" is the LLC control octet indicating datagram
   service; yy-yy-yy is an OUI; and zz-zz is a protocol number, under
   that OUI, assigned by the OUI owner.  The odd five-octet length for
   such OUI-based protocol identifiers was chosen so that, with the LLC
   control octet ("03"), the result is 16-bit aligned.

   When using an Ethertype to indicate the main type for a frame body,
   the special "OUI Extended Ethertype" 88-B7 is available.  Using this
   Ethertype, a frame body can begin with

      88-B7-yy-yy-yy-zz-zz

   where yy-yy-yy and zz-zz have the same meaning as in the SNAP format
   described above.

   It is also possible, within the SNAP format, to use an arbitrary
   Ethertype.  Putting the Ethertype as the zz-zz field after an all-
   zeros OUI (00-00-00) does this.  It looks like

      xx-xx-AA-AA-03-00-00-00-zz-zz

   where zz-zz is the Ethertype.

      (Note that, at this point, the 802 protocol syntax facilities are
      sufficiently powerful that they could be chained indefinitely.
      Whether support for such chaining is generally required is not
      clear, but [802_O&A] requires support for

         xx-xx-AA-AA-03-00-00-00-88-B7-yy-yy-yy-zz-zz

      although this could be more efficiently expressed by simply
      pinching out the "00-00-00-88-B7" in the middle.)

   As well as labeling frame contents, 802 protocol types appear within
   NBMA (Non-Broadcast Multi-Access) Next Hop Resolution Protocol
   [RFC2332] messages.  Such messages have provisions for both two-octet
   Ethertypes and OUI-based protocol types.

3.1.  Ethernet Protocol Assignment under the IANA OUI

   Two-octet protocol numbers under the IANA OUI are available, as in

      xx-xx-AA-AA-03-00-00-5E-qq-qq

   where qq-qq is the protocol number.

   A number of such assignments have been made out of the 2**16 protocol
   numbers available from 00-00-5E-00-00 to 00-00-5E-FF-FF (see [IANA]).
   The extreme values of this range, 00-00-5E-00-00 and 00-00-5E-FF-FF,
   are reserved and require IESG Ratification for assignment (see
   Section 5.1).  New assignments of SNAP SAP protocol (qq-qq) numbers
   under the IANA OUI must meet the following requirements:

      o  the assignment must be for standards use (either for an IETF
         Standard or other standard related to IETF work),

      o  it must be documented in an Internet-Draft or RFC, and

      o  such protocol numbers are not to be assigned for any protocol
         that has an Ethertype (because that can be expressed by putting
         an all-zeros "OUI" before the Ethertype as described above).

   In addition, the Expert Review (or IESG Ratification for the two
   reserved values) must be obtained using the procedure specified in
   Section 5.1.

3.2.  Documentation Protocol Number

   0x0042 is a protocol number under the IANA OUI (that is,
   00-00-5E-00-42) to be used for documentation purposes.

4.  Other OUI-Based Parameters

   Some IEEE 802 and other protocols provide for parameters based on an
   OUI beyond those discussed above.  Such parameters most commonly
   consist of an OUI plus one octet of additional value.  They are
   usually called "vendor specific" parameters, although "organization
   specific" might be more accurate.  They would look like

      yy-yy-yy-zz

   where yy-yy-yy is the OUI and zz is the additional specifier.  An
   example is the Cipher Suite Selector in IEEE [802.11].

   Values may be assigned under the IANA OUI for such other OUI-based
   parameter usage by Expert Review except that, for each use, the
   additional specifier values consisting of all zero bits and all one
   bits (0x00 (00-00-5E-00) and 0xFF (00-00-5E-FF) for a one-octet
   specifier) are reserved and require IESG Ratification (see
   Section 5.1) for assignment; also, the additional specifier value
   0x42 (00-00-5E-42) is assigned for use in documentation.

   Assignments of such other IANA OUI-based parameters must be for
   standards use (either for an IETF Standard or other standard related
   to IETF work) and be documented in an Internet-Draft or RFC.  The
   first time a value is assigned for a particular parameter of this
   type, an IANA registry will be created to contain that assignment and
   any subsequent assignments of values for that parameter under the
   IANA OUI.  The Expert will specify the name of the registry.

   If different policies from those above are required for such a
   parameter, a BCP or Standards Track RFC must be adopted to update
   this BCP and specify the new policy and parameter.

5.  IANA Considerations

   The entirety of this document concerns IANA considerations for the
   assignment of Ethernet parameters in connection with the IANA OUI and
   related matters.

   As this document replaces [RFC5342], references to [RFC5342] in IANA
   registries have been replaced by references to this document.  In
   addition, any references in the registries to [DOC-ADDR], which has
   been combined into this document, have been replaced by references to
   this document.

   This document does not create any new IANA registries.

   This document assigns MAC address values for documentation.  These
   values had been previously assigned by [DOC-ADDR]; as noted above,
   any references in the registries to [DOC-ADDR] have been replaced by
   references to this document.

   The only other assignment that has been made by this document is a
   protocol number for documentation.  See Section 5.6 for details.

   No existing assignment is changed by this document.

5.1.  Expert Review and IESG Ratification

   This section specifies the procedure for Expert Review and IESG
   Ratification of MAC, protocol, and other IANA OUI-based identifiers.
   The Expert(s) referred to in this document shall consist of one or
   more persons appointed by and serving at the pleasure of the IESG.
   The procedure described for Expert Review assignments in this
   document is fully consistent with the IANA Expert Review policy
   described in Section 4.1 of [RFC5226].

   While finite, the universe of code points from which Expert-judged
   assignments will be made is felt to be large enough that the
   requirements given in this document and the Experts' good judgment
   are sufficient guidance.  The idea is for the Expert to provide a
   light sanity check for small assignments of EUI identifiers, with
   increased scrutiny by the Expert for medium-sized assignments of EUI
   identifiers and assignments of protocol identifiers and other IANA
   OUI-based parameters.  However, it can make sense to assign very
   large portions of the MAC identifier code point space.  (Note that
   existing assignments include one for 1/2 of the entire multicast IANA
   EUI-48 code point space and one for 1/16 of that multicast code point
   space.)  In those cases, and in cases of the assignment of "reserved"
   values, IESG Ratification of an Expert Review approval recommendation
   is required as described below.  The procedure is as follows:

      The applicant always completes the appropriate Template template from the
         Template Annex
         Appendix A below and sends it to IANA <iana@iana.org>.

      IANA always sends the Template template to an appointed Expert.  If the
         Expert recuses themselves or is non-responsive, IANA may choose
         an alternative appointed Expert or, if none is available, will
         contact the IESG.

      In all cases, if IANA receives a disapproval from an Expert
         selected to review an application Template, template, the application
         will be denied.

      If the assignment is based on Expert Review:

            If IANA receives approval and code points are available,
            IANA will make the requested assignment.

      If the assignment is based on IESG Ratification:

            The procedure starts with the first steps above for Expert
            Review.  If the Expert disapproves the application, they
            simply inform IANA; however, if the Expert believes the
            application should be approved, or is uncertain and believes
            that the circumstances warrant the attention of the IESG,
            the Expert will inform IANA about their advice, and IANA
            will forward the application, together with the reasons for
            approval or uncertainty, to the IESG.  The IESG must decide
            whether the assignment will be granted.  This can be
            accomplished by a management item in an IESG telechat as is
            done for other types of requests.  If the IESG decides not
            to ratify a favorable opinion by the Expert or decides
            against an application where the Expert is uncertain, the
            application is denied; otherwise, it is granted.  The IESG
            will communicate its decision to the Expert and to IANA.

5.2.  MAC Address AFNs and RRTYPEs

   IANA has assigned Address Family Numbers (AFNs) for MAC addresses as
   follows:

         AFN         Decimal     Hex      Reference
      ----------     -------    ------    ---------
      48-bit MAC      16389     0x4005    [RFC7042]
      64-bit MAC      16390     0x4006    [RFC7042]

   IANA has assigned DNS RRTYPEs [RFC6895] for MAC addresses as follows:

                                RRTYPE Code
         Data       Mnemonic   Decimal   Hex      Reference
      ----------    --------   -------  ------   -----------
      48-bit MAC     EUI48       108    0x006C   [RFC7043]
      64-bit MAC     EUI64       109    0x006D   [RFC7043]

5.3.  Informational IANA Web Page Material

   IANA maintains an informational listing on its web site concerning
   Ethertypes, OUIs, and multicast addresses assigned under OUIs other
   than the IANA OUI.  The title of this informational registry is "IEEE
   802 Numbers".  IANA has merged in those Ethertypes listed in Appendix
   B that were not already included.  IANA will update that
   informational registry when changes are provided by the Expert.

5.4.  OUI Exhaustion

   When the available space for either multicast or unicast EUI-48
   identifiers under OUI 00-00-5E has been 90% or more exhausted, IANA
   should request an additional OUI from the IEEE Registration Authority
   for further IANA assignment.  The appointed Expert(s) should monitor
   for this condition and notify IANA.

5.5.  IANA OUI MAC Address Table

   No changes have been made in the "IANA Unicast 48-bit MAC Addresses"
   and "IANA Multicast 48-bit MAC Addresses" tables except for the
   updates to references as specified in the first part of Section 5.

5.6.  SNAP Protocol Number Table and Assignment

   The "SNAP PROTOCOL IDs" table has been renamed the "SNAP Protocol
   Numbers" table.  "PID" has been replaced by "Protocol Number".

   IANA has assigned 0x0042 as the SNAP protocol number under the IANA
   OUI to be used for documentation purposes.

6.  Security Considerations

   This document is concerned with assignment of parameters under the
   IANA OUI and closely related matters.  It is not directly concerned
   with security except as follows.

   Confusion and conflict can be caused by the use of MAC addresses or
   other OUI-derived protocol parameters as examples in documentation.
   Examples used "only" in documentation can end up being coded and
   released or cause conflicts due to later real use and the possible
   acquisition of intellectual property rights in such addresses or
   parameters.  The reservation herein of MAC addresses and parameters
   for documentation purposes will minimize such confusion and conflict.

   See [RFC7043] for security considerations in storing MAC addresses in
   the DNS.

7.  Acknowledgements

   The comments and suggestions of the following people, listed in
   alphabetic order, are gratefully acknowledged:

   This document:
      David Black, Adrian Farrel, Bob Grow, Joel Jaeggli, Pearl Liang,
      Glenn Parsons, Pete Resnick, and Dan Romascanu.

   RFC 5342:
      Bernard Aboba, Scott O. Bradner, Ian Calder, Michelle Cotton, Lars
      Eggert, Eric Gray, Alfred Hoenes, Russ Housley, Charlie Kaufman,
      Erik Nordmark, Dan Romascanu, Geoff Thompson, and Mark Townsley.

8.  References

8.1.  Normative References

   [802_O&A]  "IEEE Standard for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks:
              Overview and Architecture", IEEE Std 802-2001, 8 March
              2002.

              "IEEE Standard for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks:
              Overview and Architecture / Amendment 1: Ethertypes for
              Prototype and Vendor-Specific Protocol Development", IEEE
              Std 802a-2003, 18 September 2003.

   [RFC5226]  Narten, T. and H. Alvestrand, "Guidelines for Writing an
              IANA Considerations Section in RFCs", BCP 26, RFC 5226,
              May 2008.

8.2.  Informative References

   [802.1Q]   "IEEE Standard for Local and metropolitan area networks /
              Media Access Control (MAC) Bridges and Virtual Bridge
              Local Area Networks", IEEE Std 802.1Q-2011, 31 August
              2011.

   [802.3]   "IEEE Standard for Information technology /
              Telecommunications and information exchange between
              systems / Local and metropolitan area networks / Specific
              requirements / Part 3: Carrier sense multiple access with
              Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) Access Method and Physical
              Layer Specifications", Ethernet", IEEE Std 802.3-2008, 26 802.3-2012, 28
              December
              2008. 2012.

   [802.11]   "IEEE Standard for Information technology /
              Telecommunications and information exchange between
              systems / Local and metropolitan area networks / Specific
              requirements / Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control
              (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications", IEEE Std
              802.11-2012, 29 March 2012.

   [DOC-ADDR] Abley, J., "EUI-48 and EUI-64 Address Assignments for use
              in Documentation", Work in Progress, March 2013.

   [EUI-64]   IEEE,   IEEE Registration Authority, "Guidelines for 64-bit Global
              Identifier (EUI-64)
              Registration Authority", <http://standards.ieee.org/
              regauth/oui/tutorials/EUI64.html>, March 1997. (EUI-64(TM))",
              <http://standards.ieee.org/regauth/oui/tutorials/EUI64.html>,
              November 2012.

   [IANA]     Internet Assigned Numbers Authority,
              <http://www.iana.org>.

   [IEEE]     Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers,
              <http://www.ieee.org>.

   [IEEE802]  IEEE 802 LAN/MAN Standards Committee,
              <http://www.ieee802.org>.

   [InfiniBand]
              InfiniBand Trade Association, "InfiniBand Architecture
              Specification Volume 1", November 2007.

   [RAC-OUI]  Parsons, G., "OUI Registry Restructuring", Work in
              Progress, September 2013.

   [RFC1112]  Deering, S., "Host extensions for IP multicasting", STD 5,
              RFC 1112, August 1989.

   [RFC1661]  Simpson, W., Ed., "The Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP)", STD
              51, RFC 1661, July 1994.

   [RFC2153]  Simpson, W., "PPP Vendor Extensions", RFC 2153, May 1997.

   [RFC2332]  Luciani, J., Katz, D., Piscitello, D., Cole, B., and N.
              Doraswamy, "NBMA Next Hop Resolution Protocol (NHRP)", RFC
              2332, April 1998.

   [RFC2464]  Crawford, M., "Transmission of IPv6 Packets over Ethernet
              Networks", RFC 2464, December 1998.

   [RFC2606]  Eastlake 3rd, D. and A. Panitz, "Reserved Top Level DNS
              Names", BCP 32, RFC 2606, June 1999.

   [RFC3092]  Eastlake 3rd, D., Manros, C., and E. Raymond, "Etymology
              of "Foo"", RFC 3092, April 1 2001.

   [RFC4291]  Hinden, R. and S. Deering, "IP Version 6 Addressing
              Architecture", RFC 4291, February 2006.

   [RFC4760]  Bates, T., Chandra, R., Katz, D., and Y. Rekhter,
              "Multiprotocol Extensions for BGP-4", RFC 4760, January
              2007.

   [RFC5214]  Templin, F., Gleeson, T., and D. Thaler, "Intra-Site
              Automatic Tunnel Addressing Protocol (ISATAP)", RFC 5214,
              March 2008.

   [RFC5332]  Eckert, T., Rosen, E., Ed., Aggarwal, R., and Y. Rekhter,
              "MPLS Multicast Encapsulations", RFC 5332, August 2008.

   [RFC5342]  Eastlake 3rd, D., "IANA Considerations and IETF Protocol
              Usage for IEEE 802 Parameters", BCP 141, RFC 5342,
              September 2008.

   [RFC5737]  Arkko, J., Cotton, M., and L. Vegoda, "IPv4 Address Blocks
              Reserved for Documentation", RFC 5737, January 2010.

   [RFC5798]  Nadas, S., Ed., "Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP)
              Version 3 for IPv4 and IPv6", RFC 5798, March 2010.

   [RFC6034]  Thaler, D., "Unicast-Prefix-Based IPv4 Multicast
              Addresses", RFC 6034, October 2010.

   [RFC6895]  Eastlake 3rd, D., "Domain Name System (DNS) IANA
              Considerations", BCP 42, RFC 6895, April 2013.

   [RFC7043]  Abley, J., "Resource Records for EUI-48 and EUI-64
              Addresses in the DNS", RFC 7043, October 2013.

Appendix A.  Templates

   This annex appendix provides the specific templates for IANA assignments of
   parameters.  Explanatory words in parentheses in the templates below
   may be deleted in a completed template as submitted to IANA.

A.1.  EUI-48/EUI-64 Identifier or Identifier Block Template

   Applicant Name:

   Applicant Email:

   Applicant Telephone: (starting with country code)

   Use Name: (brief name of Parameter use such as "Foo Protocol"
   [RFC3092])

   Document: (ID or RFC specifying use to which the identifier or block
   of identifiers will be put.)

   Specify whether this is an application for EUI-48 or EUI-64
   identifiers:

   Size of Block requested: (must be a power-of-two-sized block, can be
   a block of size one (2**0))

   Specify multicast, unicast, or both:

A.2.  IANA OUI-Based Protocol Number Template

   Applicant Name:

   Applicant Email:

   Applicant Telephone: (starting with country code)

   Use Name: (brief name of use of code point such as "Foo Protocol")

   Document: (ID or RFC specifying use to which the protocol identifier
   will be put.)

   Note: (any additional note)

A.3.  Other IANA OUI-Based Parameter Template

   Applicant Name:

   Applicant Email:

   Applicant Telephone: (starting with country code)

   Protocol where the OUI-Based Parameter for which a value is being
   requested appears: (such as: Cipher Suite selection in IEEE 802.11)

   Use Name: (brief name of use of code point to be assigned, such as
   "Foo Cipher Suite" [RFC3092])

   Document: (ID or RFC specifying use to which the other IANA OUI-based
   parameter value will be put.)

   Note: (any additional note)

Appendix B.  Ethertypes

   This annex appendix lists some Ethertypes specified for IETF protocols or
   by IEEE 802 as known at the time of publication.  A more up-to-date
   list may be available on the IANA web site, currently at [IANA].  The
   IEEE Registration Authority page of Ethertypes,
   http://standards.ieee.org/regauth/ethertype/eth.txt, may also be
   useful.  See Section 3 above.

B.1.  Some Ethertypes Specified by the IETF

   0x0800  Internet Protocol Version 4 (IPv4)
   0x0806  Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)
   0x0808  Frame Relay ARP
   0x22F3  TRILL
   0x22F4  L2-IS-IS
   0x880B  Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP)
   0x880C  General Switch Management Protocol (GSMP)
   0x8035  Reverse Address Resolution Protocol (RARP)
   0x86DD  Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6)
   0x880B  Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP)
   0x880C  General Switch Management Protocol (GSMP)
   0x8847  MPLS
   0x8848  MPLS with upstream-assigned label
   0x8861  Multicast Channel Allocation Protocol (MCAP)
   0x8863  PPP over Ethernet (PPPoE) Discovery Stage
   0x8864  PPP over Ethernet (PPPoE) Session Stage
   0x893B  TRILL Fine Grained Labeling (FGL)
   0x8946  TRILL RBridge Channel

B.2.  Some IEEE 802 Ethertypes

   0x8100  IEEE Std 802.1Q   - Customer VLAN Tag Type (C-Tag, formerly
                                called the Q-Tag) (initially Wellfleet)
   0x8808  IEEE Std 802.3    - Ethernet Passive Optical Network (EPON)
   0x888E  IEEE Std 802.1X   - Port-based network access control
   0x88A8  IEEE Std 802.1Q   - Service VLAN tag identifier (S-Tag)
   0x88B5  IEEE Std 802      - Local Experimental Ethertype
   0x88B6  IEEE Std 802      - Local Experimental Ethertype
   0x88B7  IEEE Std 802      - OUI Extended Ethertype
   0x88C7  IEEE Std 802.11   - Pre-Authentication (802.11i)
   0x88CC  IEEE Std 802.1AB  - Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)
   0x88E5  IEEE Std 802.1AE  - Media Access Control Security
   0x88F5  IEEE Std 802.1Q   - Multiple VLAN Registration Protocol
                                (MVRP)
   0x88F6  IEEE Std 802.1Q   - Multiple Multicast Registration
                                Protocol (MMRP)
   0x890D  IEEE Std 802.11   - Fast Roaming Remote Request (802.11r)
   0x8917  IEEE Std 802.21   - Media Independent Handover Protocol
   0x8929  IEEE Std 802.1Qbe - Multiple I-SID Registration Protocol
   0x8940  IEEE Std 802.1Qbg - ECP Protocol (also used in 802.1BR)

Appendix C.  Documentation Protocol Number

   Below is the template for assignment of based on which an IANA OUI-based protocol
   number value was assigned for document use.  (See Section 3 and
   Appendix A.2.)

   Applicant Name: Donald E. Eastlake 3rd

   Applicant Email: d3e3e3@gmail.com

   Applicant Telephone: 1-508-333-2270

   Use Name: Documentation

   Document: This document.

   Note: Request value 0x0042

Authors' Addresses

   Donald E. Eastlake 3rd
   Huawei Technologies
   155 Beaver Street
   Milford, MA  01757
   USA

   Phone: +1-508-634-2066
   EMail: d3e3e3@gmail.com

   Joe Abley
   ICANN
   12025 Waterfront Drive, Suite 300
   Los Angeles, CA  90094
   USA
   Dyn, Inc.
   470 Moore Street
   London, ON  N6C 2C2
   Canada

   Phone: +1 519-670-9327 519 670 9327
   EMail: joe.abley@icann.org jabley@dyn.com