rfc8098.original   rfc8098.txt 
Network Working Group T. Hansen, Ed. Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) T. Hansen, Ed.
Internet-Draft AT&T Laboratories Request for Comments: 8098 AT&T Laboratories
Obsoletes: 3798 (if approved) A. Melnikov, Ed. STD: 85 A. Melnikov, Ed.
Updates: 2046, 3461 (if approved) Isode Ltd Obsoletes: 3798 Isode Ltd
Intended status: Standards Track December 1, 2016 Updates: 2046, 3461 February 2017
Expires: June 4, 2017 Category: Standards Track
ISSN: 2070-1721
Message Disposition Notification Message Disposition Notification
draft-ietf-appsawg-mdn-3798bis-16.txt
Abstract Abstract
This memo defines a MIME content-type that may be used by a mail user This memo defines a MIME content-type that may be used by a Mail User
agent (MUA) or electronic mail gateway to report the disposition of a Agent (MUA) or electronic mail gateway to report the disposition of a
message after it has been successfully delivered to a recipient. message after it has been successfully delivered to a recipient.
This content-type is intended to be machine-processable. Additional This content-type is intended to be machine processable. Additional
message header fields are also defined to permit Message Disposition message header fields are also defined to permit Message Disposition
Notifications (MDNs) to be requested by the sender of a message. The Notifications (MDNs) to be requested by the sender of a message. The
purpose is to extend Internet Mail to support functionality often purpose is to extend Internet Mail to support functionality often
found in other messaging systems, such as X.400 and the proprietary found in other messaging systems, such as X.400 and the proprietary
"LAN-based" systems, and often referred to as "read receipts," "LAN-based" systems, and are often referred to as "read receipts,"
"acknowledgements", or "receipt notifications." The intention is to "acknowledgements," or "receipt notifications." The intention is to
do this while respecting privacy concerns, which have often been do this while respecting privacy concerns, which have often been
expressed when such functions have been discussed in the past. expressed when such functions have been discussed in the past.
Because many messages are sent between the Internet and other Because many messages are sent between the Internet and other
messaging systems (such as X.400 or the proprietary "LAN-based" messaging systems (such as X.400 or the proprietary "LAN-based"
systems), the MDN protocol is designed to be useful in a multi- systems), the MDN protocol is designed to be useful in a
protocol messaging environment. To this end, the protocol described multiprotocol messaging environment. To this end, the protocol
in this memo provides for the carriage of "foreign" addresses, in described in this memo provides for the carriage of "foreign"
addition to those normally used in Internet Mail. Additional addresses, in addition to those normally used in Internet Mail.
attributes may also be defined to support "tunneling" of foreign Additional attributes may also be defined to support "tunneling" of
notifications through Internet Mail. foreign notifications through Internet Mail.
This document obsoletes RFC 3798, moving it to Internet Standard. It This document obsoletes RFC 3798, moving it to an Internet Standard.
also updates RFC 2046 (message/partial Media Type handling) and RFC It also updates RFC 2046 (message/partial media type handling) and
3461 (Original-Recipient header field generation requirement). RFC 3461 (Original-Recipient header field generation requirement).
Status of This Memo Status of This Memo
This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the This is an Internet Standards Track document.
provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.
Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute
working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet-
Drafts is at http://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.
Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months This document is a product of the Internet Engineering Task Force
and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any (IETF). It represents the consensus of the IETF community. It has
time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference received public review and has been approved for publication by the
material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG). Further information on
Internet Standards is available in Section 2 of RFC 7841.
This Internet-Draft will expire on June 4, 2017. Information about the current status of this document, any errata,
and how to provide feedback on it may be obtained at
http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8098.
Copyright Notice Copyright Notice
Copyright (c) 2016 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the Copyright (c) 2017 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
document authors. All rights reserved. document authors. All rights reserved.
This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
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publication of this document. Please review these documents publication of this document. Please review these documents
carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect
to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must
include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of
the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
described in the Simplified BSD License. described in the Simplified BSD License.
Table of Contents Table of Contents
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.1. Purposes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1.1. Purposes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.2. Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1.2. Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.3. Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1.3. Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2. Requesting Message Disposition Notifications . . . . . . . . 5 2. Requesting Message Disposition Notifications . . . . . . . . 4
2.1. The Disposition-Notification-To Header . . . . . . . . . 5 2.1. The Disposition-Notification-To Header . . . . . . . . . 5
2.2. The Disposition-Notification-Options Header . . . . . . . 7 2.2. The Disposition-Notification-Options Header . . . . . . . 7
2.3. The Original-Recipient Header Field . . . . . . . . . . . 8 2.3. The Original-Recipient Header Field . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.4. Use with the Message/Partial Media Type . . . . . . . . . 9 2.4. Use with the Message/Partial Media Type . . . . . . . . . 9
3. Format of a Message Disposition Notification . . . . . . . . 10 3. Format of a Message Disposition Notification . . . . . . . . 9
3.1. The message/disposition-notification Media Type . . . . . 11 3.1. The Message/Disposition-Notification Media Type . . . . . 11
3.2. Message/disposition-notification Content Fields . . . . . 14 3.2. Message/Disposition-Notification Content Fields . . . . . 13
3.3. Extension-fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 3.3. Extension-Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
4. Timeline of events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 4. Timeline of Events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
5. Conformance and Usage Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 5. Conformance and Usage Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
6. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 6. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
6.1. Forgery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 6.1. Forgery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
6.2. Privacy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 6.2. Privacy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
6.2.1. Disclosure of Product Information . . . . . . . . . . 25 6.2.1. Disclosure of Product Information . . . . . . . . . . 24
6.2.2. MUA Fingerprinting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 6.2.2. MUA Fingerprinting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
6.3. Non-Repudiation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 6.3. Non-repudiation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
6.4. Mail Bombing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 6.4. Mail Bombing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
7. Collected ABNF Grammar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 7. Collected ABNF Grammar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
8. Guidelines for Gatewaying MDNs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 8. Guidelines for Gatewaying MDNs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
8.1. Gatewaying from other mail systems to MDNs . . . . . . . 28 8.1. Gatewaying from Other Mail Systems to MDNs . . . . . . . 27
8.2. Gatewaying from MDNs to other mail systems . . . . . . . 29 8.2. Gatewaying from MDNs to Other Mail Systems . . . . . . . 28
8.3. Gatewaying of MDN-requests to other mail systems . . . . 29 8.3. Gatewaying of MDN-Requests to Other Mail Systems . . . . 28
9. Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
10. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 9. Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
10.1. Disposition-Notification-Options header field 10. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
disposition-notification-parameter names . . . . . . . . 32 10.1. Disposition-Notification-Options Header Field
10.2. Disposition modifier names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Disposition-Notification-Parameter Names . . . . . . . . 31
10.3. MDN extension field names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 10.2. Disposition Modifier Names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
11. Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 10.3. MDN Extension Field Names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
12. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 11. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
12.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 11.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
12.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 11.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Appendix A. Changes from RFC 3798 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 Appendix A. Changes from RFC 3798 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
1. Introduction 1. Introduction
This memo defines a media type [RFC2046] for message disposition This memo defines a media type [RFC2046] for Message Disposition
notifications (MDNs). An MDN can be used to notify the sender of a Notifications (MDNs). An MDN can be used to notify the sender of a
message of any of several conditions that may occur after successful message of any of several conditions that may occur after successful
delivery, such as display of the message contents, printing of the delivery, such as display of the message contents, printing of the
message, deletion (without display) of the message, or the message, deletion (without display) of the message, or the
recipient's refusal to provide MDNs. The "message/disposition- recipient's refusal to provide MDNs. The "message/disposition-
notification" content-type defined herein is intended for use within notification" content-type defined herein is intended for use within
the framework of the "multipart/report" content type defined in RFC- the framework of the "multipart/report" content type defined in RFC-
REPORT [RFC6522]. REPORT [RFC6522].
This memo defines the format of the notifications and the RFC-MSGFMT This memo defines the format of the notifications and the RFC-MSGFMT
[RFC5322] header fields used to request them. [RFC5322] header fields used to request them.
This memo is an update to RFC 3798 and is intended to be published at
Internet Standard Level.
1.1. Purposes 1.1. Purposes
The MDNs defined in this memo are expected to serve several purposes: The MDNs defined in this memo are expected to serve several purposes:
a. Inform human beings of the disposition of messages after a. Inform human beings of the disposition of messages after
successful delivery, in a manner that is largely independent of successful delivery in a manner that is largely independent of
human language; human language;
b. Allow mail user agents to keep track of the disposition of b. Allow mail user agents to keep track of the disposition of
messages sent, by associating returned MDNs with earlier message messages sent by associating returned MDNs with earlier message
transmissions; transmissions;
c. Convey disposition notification requests and disposition c. Convey disposition notification requests and disposition
notifications between Internet Mail and "foreign" mail systems notifications between Internet Mail and "foreign" mail systems
via a gateway; via a gateway;
d. Allow "foreign" notifications to be tunneled through a MIME- d. Allow "foreign" notifications to be tunneled through a MIME-
capable message system and back into the original messaging capable messaging system and back into the original messaging
system that issued the original notification, or even to a third system that issued the original notification, or even to a third
messaging system; messaging system;
e. Allow language-independent, yet reasonably precise, indications e. Allow language-independent, yet reasonably precise, indications
of the disposition of a message to be delivered. of the disposition of a message to be delivered.
1.2. Requirements 1.2. Requirements
These purposes place the following constraints on the notification These purposes place the following constraints on the notification
protocol: protocol:
a. It must be readable by humans, and must be machine-parsable. a. It must be readable by humans and must be machine parsable.
b. It must provide enough information to allow message senders (or b. It must provide enough information to allow message senders (or
their user agents) to unambiguously associate an MDN with the their user agents) to unambiguously associate an MDN with the
message that was sent and the original recipient address for message that was sent and the original recipient address for
which the MDN was issued (if such information is available), even which the MDN was issued (if such information is available), even
if the message was forwarded to another recipient address. if the message was forwarded to another recipient address.
c. It must also be able to describe the disposition of a message c. It must also be able to describe the disposition of a message
independent of any particular human language or of the independent of any particular human language or of the
terminology of any particular mail system. terminology of any particular mail system.
skipping to change at page 4, line 45 skipping to change at page 4, line 36
future requirements. future requirements.
1.3. Terminology 1.3. Terminology
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
document are to be interpreted as described in RFC-KEYWORDS document are to be interpreted as described in RFC-KEYWORDS
[RFC2119]. [RFC2119].
All syntax descriptions use the ABNF specified by RFC-MSGFMT All syntax descriptions use the ABNF specified by RFC-MSGFMT
[RFC5322], in which the lexical tokens (used below) are defined: [RFC5322] in which the lexical tokens (used below) are defined:
"CRLF", "FWS", "CFWS", "field-name", "mailbox-list", "msg-id", and "CRLF", "FWS", "CFWS", "field-name", "mailbox-list", "msg-id", and
"text". The following lexical tokens are defined in RFC-SMTP "text". The following lexical token is defined in RFC-SMTP
[RFC5321]: "atom". [RFC5321]: "atom".
2. Requesting Message Disposition Notifications 2. Requesting Message Disposition Notifications
Message disposition notifications are requested by including a Message disposition notifications are requested by including a
Disposition-Notification-To header field in the message containing Disposition-Notification-To header field in the message containing
one or more addresses specifying where dispositions should be sent. one or more addresses specifying where dispositions should be sent.
Further information to be used by the recipient's Mail User Agent Further information to be used by the recipient's Mail User Agent
(MUA) [RFC5598] in generating the MDN may be provided by also (MUA) [RFC5598] in generating the MDN may be provided by also
including Original-Recipient and/or Disposition-Notification-Options including Original-Recipient and/or Disposition-Notification-Options
header fields in the message. header fields in the message.
2.1. The Disposition-Notification-To Header 2.1. The Disposition-Notification-To Header
A request for the receiving user agent to issue message disposition A request for the receiving user agent to issue message disposition
notifications is made by placing a Disposition-Notification-To header notifications is made by placing a Disposition-Notification-To header
field into the message. The syntax of the header field is field into the message. The syntax of the header field is
mdn-request-header = "Disposition-Notification-To" ":" mailbox-list CRLF mdn-request-header = "Disposition-Notification-To" ":"
mailbox-list CRLF
A Disposition-Notification-To header field can appear at most once in A Disposition-Notification-To header field can appear at most once in
a message. a message.
The presence of a Disposition-Notification-To header field in a The presence of a Disposition-Notification-To header field in a
message is merely a request for an MDN. The recipients' user agents message is merely a request for an MDN. The recipients' user agents
are always free to silently ignore such a request. are always free to silently ignore such a request.
An MDN MUST NOT itself have a Disposition-Notification-To header An MDN MUST NOT itself have a Disposition-Notification-To header
field. An MDN MUST NOT be generated in response to an MDN. field. An MDN MUST NOT be generated in response to an MDN.
A user agent MUST NOT issue more than one MDN on behalf of each A user agent MUST NOT issue more than one MDN on behalf of each
particular recipient. That is, once an MDN has been issued on behalf particular recipient. That is, once an MDN has been issued on behalf
of a recipient, no further MDNs may be issued on behalf of that of a recipient, no further MDNs may be issued on behalf of that
recipient by the same user agent, even if another disposition is recipient by the same user agent, even if another disposition is
performed on the message. However, if a message is forwarded, an MDN performed on the message. However, if a message is forwarded, an MDN
may have been issued for the recipient doing the forwarding and the may have been issued for the recipient doing the forwarding, and the
recipient of the forwarded message may also cause an MDN to be recipient of the forwarded message may also cause an MDN to be
generated. generated.
It is also possible that if the same message is being accessed by It is also possible that if the same message is being accessed by
multiple user agents (for example using POP3), then multiple multiple user agents (for example, using POP3), then multiple
dispositions might be generated for the same recipient. User agents dispositions might be generated for the same recipient. User agents
SHOULD leverage support in the underlying message access protocol to SHOULD leverage support in the underlying message access protocol to
prevent multiple MDNs from being generated. In particular, when the prevent multiple MDNs from being generated. In particular, when the
user agent is accessing the message using RFC-IMAP [RFC3501], it user agent is accessing the message using RFC-IMAP [RFC3501], it
SHOULD implement the procedures specified in RFC-IMAP-MDN [RFC3503]. SHOULD implement the procedures specified in RFC-IMAP-MDN [RFC3503].
While Internet standards normally do not specify the behavior of user While Internet standards normally do not specify the behavior of user
interfaces, it is strongly recommended that the user agent obtain the interfaces, it is strongly recommended that the user agent obtain the
user's consent before sending an MDN. This consent could be obtained user's consent before sending an MDN. This consent could be obtained
for each message through some sort of prompt or dialog box, or for each message through some sort of prompt or dialog box, or
skipping to change at page 6, line 23 skipping to change at page 6, line 10
MDNs MUST NOT be sent automatically if the address in the MDNs MUST NOT be sent automatically if the address in the
Disposition-Notification-To header field differs from the address in Disposition-Notification-To header field differs from the address in
the Return-Path header field (see RFC-MSGFMT [RFC5322]). In this the Return-Path header field (see RFC-MSGFMT [RFC5322]). In this
case, confirmation from the user MUST be obtained, if possible. If case, confirmation from the user MUST be obtained, if possible. If
obtaining consent is not possible (e.g., because the user is not obtaining consent is not possible (e.g., because the user is not
online at the time or the client is not an interactive email client), online at the time or the client is not an interactive email client),
then an MDN MUST NOT be sent. then an MDN MUST NOT be sent.
Confirmation from the user MUST be obtained (or no MDN sent) if there Confirmation from the user MUST be obtained (or no MDN sent) if there
is no Return-Path header field in the message, or if there is more is no Return-Path header field in the message or if there is more
than one distinct address in the Disposition-Notification-To header than one distinct address in the Disposition-Notification-To header
field. field.
The comparison of the addresses is done using only the addr-spec The comparison of the addresses is done using only the addr-spec
(local-part "@" domain) portion, excluding any angle brackets, phrase (local-part "@" domain) portion, excluding any angle brackets,
and route. As prescribed by RFC 5322, the comparison is case- phrase, and route. As prescribed by RFC 5322, the comparison is case
sensitive for the local-part and case-insensitive for the domain sensitive for the local-part and case insensitive for the domain
part. The local-part comparison SHOULD be done after performing part. The local-part comparison SHOULD be done after performing
local-part canonicalization (i.e. after removing the surrounding local-part canonicalization, i.e., after removing the surrounding
double-quote characters, if any, as well as any escaping "\" double-quote characters, if any, as well as any escaping "\"
characters. (See RFC-MSGFMT [RFC5322] for more details.) characters. (See RFC-MSGFMT [RFC5322] for more details.)
Implementations MAY treat known domain aliases as equivalent for the Implementations MAY treat known domain aliases as equivalent for the
purpose of comparison. purpose of comparison.
Note that use of subaddressing (see [RFC5233]) can result in a Note that use of subaddressing (see [RFC5233]) can result in a
failure to match two local-parts and thus result in possible failure to match two local-parts and thus result in possible
suppression of the MDN. This document doesn't recommend special suppression of the MDN. This document doesn't recommend special
handling for this case, as the receiving MUA can't reliably know handling for this case, as the receiving MUA can't reliably know
whether or not the sender is using subaddressing. whether or not the sender is using subaddressing.
If the message contains more than one Return-Path header field, the If the message contains more than one Return-Path header field, the
implementation may pick one to use for the comparison, or treat the implementation may pick one to use for the comparison or treat the
situation as a failure of the comparison. situation as a failure of the comparison.
The reason for not automatically sending an MDN if the comparison The reason for not automatically sending an MDN if the comparison
fails or more than one address is specified is to reduce the fails or more than one address is specified is to reduce the
possibility of mail loops and of MDNs being used for mail bombing. possibility of mail loops and of MDNs being used for mail bombing.
It's especially important that a message that contains a Disposition- It's especially important that a message that contains a Disposition-
Notification-To header field also contain a Message-ID header field, Notification-To header field also contain a Message-ID header field
to permit user agents to automatically correlate MDNs with their to permit user agents to automatically correlate MDNs with their
original messages. original messages.
If the request for message disposition notifications for some If the request for message disposition notifications for some
recipients and not others is desired, two copies of the message recipients and not others is desired, two copies of the message
should be sent, one with a Disposition-Notification-To header field should be sent, one with a Disposition-Notification-To header field
and one without. Many of the other header fields of the message and one without. Many of the other header fields of the message
(e.g., To, Cc) will be the same in both copies. The recipients in (e.g., To, Cc) will be the same in both copies. The recipients in
the respective message envelopes determine from whom message the respective message envelopes determine from whom message
disposition notifications are requested and from whom they are not. disposition notifications are requested and from whom they are not.
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Bcc) in which it is necessary to send multiple copies of a message Bcc) in which it is necessary to send multiple copies of a message
with slightly different header fields. The combination of such with slightly different header fields. The combination of such
situations and the need to request MDNs for a subset of all situations and the need to request MDNs for a subset of all
recipients may result in more than two copies of a message being recipients may result in more than two copies of a message being
sent, some with a Disposition-Notification-To header field and some sent, some with a Disposition-Notification-To header field and some
without. without.
If it is possible to determine that a recipient is a newsgroup, do If it is possible to determine that a recipient is a newsgroup, do
not include a Disposition-Notification-To header field for that not include a Disposition-Notification-To header field for that
recipient. Similarly, if an existing message is resent or gatewayed recipient. Similarly, if an existing message is resent or gatewayed
to a newsgroup, the agent doing resending/gatewaying SHOULD strip the to a newsgroup, the agent that is resending/gatewaying SHOULD strip
Disposition-Notification-To header field. See Section 5 for more the Disposition-Notification-To header field. See Section 5 for more
discussion. Clients that see an otherwise valid Disposition- discussion. Clients that see an otherwise valid Disposition-
Notification-To header field in a newsgroup message SHOULD NOT Notification-To header field in a newsgroup message SHOULD NOT
generate an MDN. generate an MDN.
2.2. The Disposition-Notification-Options Header 2.2. The Disposition-Notification-Options Header
Extensions to this specification may require that information be Extensions to this specification may require that information be
supplied to the recipient's MUA for additional control over how and supplied to the recipient's MUA for additional control over how and
what MDNs are generated. The Disposition-Notification-Options header what MDNs are generated. The Disposition-Notification-Options header
field provides an extensible mechanism for such information. The field provides an extensible mechanism for such information. The
syntax of this header field is as follows: syntax of this header field is as follows:
Disposition-Notification-Options = Disposition-Notification-Options =
"Disposition-Notification-Options" ":" [FWS] "Disposition-Notification-Options" ":" [FWS]
disposition-notification-parameter-list CRLF disposition-notification-parameter-list CRLF
disposition-notification-parameter-list = disposition-notification-parameter-list =
disposition-notification-parameter disposition-notification-parameter
*([FWS] ";" [FWS] disposition-notification-parameter) *([FWS] ";" [FWS] disposition-notification-parameter)
disposition-notification-parameter = attribute [FWS] "=" disposition-notification-parameter = attribute [FWS] "="
[FWS] importance [FWS] "," [FWS] value *([FWS] "," [FWS] value) [FWS] importance [FWS] "," [FWS] value
*([FWS] "," [FWS] value)
importance = "required" / "optional" importance = "required" / "optional"
attribute = atom attribute = atom
value = word value = word
A Disposition-Notification-Options header field can appear at most A Disposition-Notification-Options header field can appear once, at
once in a message. most, in a message.
An importance of "required" indicates that interpretation of the An importance of "required" indicates that interpretation of the
disposition-notification-parameter is necessary for proper generation disposition-notification-parameter is necessary for proper generation
of an MDN in response to this request. An importance of "optional" of an MDN in response to this request. An importance of "optional"
indicates that an MUA that does not understand the meaning of this indicates that an MUA that does not understand the meaning of this
disposition-notification-parameter MAY generate an MDN in response disposition-notification-parameter MAY generate an MDN in response
anyway, ignoring the value of the disposition-notification-parameter. anyway, ignoring the value of the disposition-notification-parameter.
No disposition-notification-parameter attribute names are defined in No disposition-notification-parameter attribute names are defined in
this specification. Attribute names may be defined in the future by this specification. Attribute names may be defined in the future by
later revisions or extensions to this specification. disposition- later revisions or extensions to this specification. Disposition-
notification-parameter attribute names MUST be registered with the notification-parameter attribute names MUST be registered with the
Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) using "Specification Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) using the "Specification
required" registration policy. The "X-" prefix has historically been Required" registration policy [RFC5226]. The "X-" prefix has
used to denote unregistered "experimental" protocol elements, that historically been used to denote unregistered "experimental" protocol
are assumed not to become common use. Deployment experience of this elements that are assumed not to become common use. Deployment
and other protocols have shown that this assumption is often false. experience of this and other protocols has shown that this assumption
This document allows the use of the "X-" prefix primarily to allow is often false. This document allows the use of the "X-" prefix
the registration of attributes that are already in common use. The primarily to allow the registration of attributes that are already in
prefix has no meaning for new attributes. Its use in substantially common use. The prefix has no meaning for new attributes. Its use
new attributes may cause confusion and is therefore discouraged. in substantially new attributes may cause confusion and is therefore
(See Section 10 for a registration form.) discouraged. (See Section 10 for a registration form.)
2.3. The Original-Recipient Header Field 2.3. The Original-Recipient Header Field
Since electronic mail addresses may be rewritten while the message is Since electronic mail addresses may be rewritten while the message is
in transit, it is useful for the original recipient address to be in transit, it is useful for the original recipient address to be
made available by the delivering Message Transfer Agent (MTA) made available by the delivering Message Transfer Agent (MTA)
[RFC5598]. The delivering MTA may be able to obtain this information [RFC5598]. The delivering MTA may be able to obtain this information
from the ORCPT parameter of the SMTP RCPT TO command, as defined in from the ORCPT parameter of the SMTP RCPT TO command, as defined in
RFC-SMTP [RFC5321] and RFC-DSN-SMTP [RFC3461]. RFC-SMTP [RFC5321] and RFC-DSN-SMTP [RFC3461].
RFC-DSN-SMTP [RFC3461] is amended as follows: If the ORCPT RFC-DSN-SMTP [RFC3461] is amended as follows: if the ORCPT
information is available, the delivering MTA SHOULD insert an information is available, the delivering MTA SHOULD insert an
Original-Recipient header field at the beginning of the message Original-Recipient header field at the beginning of the message
(along with the Return-Path header field). The delivering MTA MAY (along with the Return-Path header field). The delivering MTA MAY
delete any other Original-Recipient header fields that occur in the delete any other Original-Recipient header fields that occur in the
message. The syntax of this header field is as follows: message. The syntax of this header field is as follows:
original-recipient-header = original-recipient-header =
"Original-Recipient" ":" OWS address-type OWS ";" OWS generic-address OWS "Original-Recipient" ":" OWS address-type OWS
";" OWS generic-address OWS
OWS = [CFWS] OWS = [CFWS]
; Optional whitespace. ; Optional whitespace.
; MDN generators SHOULD use "*WSP" ; MDN generators SHOULD use "*WSP"
; (typically a single space or nothing. ; (Typically a single space or nothing.
; It SHOULD be nothing at the end of a field), ; It SHOULD be nothing at the end of a field.),
; unless an RFC 5322 "comment" is required. ; unless an RFC 5322 "comment" is required.
; ;
; MDN parsers MUST parse it as "[CFWS]". ; MDN parsers MUST parse it as "[CFWS]".
The address-type and generic-address token are as specified in the The address-type and generic-address tokens are as specified in the
description of the Original-Recipient field in Section 3.2.3. description of the Original-Recipient field in Section 3.2.3.
The purpose of carrying the original recipient information and The purpose of carrying the original recipient information and
returning it in the MDN is to permit automatic correlation of MDNs returning it in the MDN is to permit automatic correlation of MDNs
with the original message on a per-recipient basis. with the original message on a per-recipient basis.
2.4. Use with the Message/Partial Media Type 2.4. Use with the Message/Partial Media Type
The use of the header fields Disposition-Notification-To, The use of the header fields Disposition-Notification-To,
Disposition-Notification-Options, and Original-Recipient with the Disposition-Notification-Options, and Original-Recipient with the
MIME message/partial content type (RFC-MIME-MEDIA [RFC2046]]) MIME message/partial content type (RFC-MIME-MEDIA [RFC2046]) requires
requires further definition. further definition.
When a message is segmented into two or more message/partial When a message is segmented into two or more message/partial
fragments, the three header fields mentioned in the above paragraph fragments, the three header fields mentioned in the above paragraph
SHOULD be placed in the "inner" or "enclosed" message (using the SHOULD be placed in the "inner" or "enclosed" message (using the
terms of RFC-MIME-MEDIA [RFC2046]). If these header fields are found terms of RFC-MIME-MEDIA [RFC2046]). If these header fields are found
in the header fields of any of the fragments, they are ignored. in the header fields of any of the fragments, they are ignored.
When the multiple message/partial fragments are reassembled, the When the multiple message/partial fragments are reassembled, the
following applies. If these header fields occur along with the other following applies. If these header fields occur along with the other
header fields of a message/partial fragment message, they pertain to header fields of a message/partial fragment message, they pertain to
skipping to change at page 11, line 28 skipping to change at page 11, line 5
The Message-ID header field (if present) for an MDN MUST be different The Message-ID header field (if present) for an MDN MUST be different
from the Message-ID of the message for which the MDN is being issued. from the Message-ID of the message for which the MDN is being issued.
A particular MDN describes the disposition of exactly one message for A particular MDN describes the disposition of exactly one message for
exactly one recipient. Multiple MDNs may be generated as a result of exactly one recipient. Multiple MDNs may be generated as a result of
one message submission, one per recipient. However, due to the one message submission, one per recipient. However, due to the
circumstances described in Section 2.1, it's possible that some of circumstances described in Section 2.1, it's possible that some of
the recipients for whom MDNs were requested will not generate MDNs. the recipients for whom MDNs were requested will not generate MDNs.
3.1. The message/disposition-notification Media Type 3.1. The Message/Disposition-Notification Media Type
The message/disposition-notification Media Type is defined as The message/disposition-notification media type is defined as
follows: follows:
Type name: message Type name: message
Subtype name: disposition-notification Subtype name: disposition-notification
Required parameters: none Required parameters: none
Optional parameters: none Optional parameters: none
Encoding considerations: "7bit" encoding is sufficient and MUST be Encoding considerations: "7bit" encoding is sufficient and MUST be
used to maintain readability when viewed by non- used to maintain readability when viewed by non-
MIME mail readers. MIME mail readers.
Security considerations: discussed in Section 6 of [RFCXXXX]. Security considerations: discussed in Section 6 of RFC 8098.
Interoperability considerations: none Interoperability considerations: none
Published specification: [RFCXXXX] Published specification: RFC 8098
Applications that use this media type: Mail Transfer Agents and Applications that use this media type: Mail Transfer Agents and
email clients that support multipart/report email clients that support multipart/report
generation and/or parsing. generation and/or parsing.
Fragment identifier considerations: N/A Fragment identifier considerations: N/A
Additional information: Additional information:
Deprecated alias names for this type: N/A Deprecated alias names for this type: N/A
Magic number(s): none Magic number(s): none
File extension(s): .disposition-notification File extension(s): .disposition-notification
Macintosh file type code(s): The 'TEXT' type Macintosh file type code(s): The 'TEXT' type
code is suggested as files of this type are code is suggested as files of this type are
typically used for diagnostic purposes and typically used for diagnostic purposes and
suitable for analysis in a text editor. A suitable for analysis in a text editor. A
uniform type identifier (UTI) of "public.utf8- Uniform Type Identifier (UTI) of "public.utf8-
email-message-header" is suggested. This type email-message-header" is suggested. This type
conforms to "public.plain-text". conforms to "public.plain-text".
Person & email address to contact for further information: ART Area Person & email address to contact for further information: ART Area
Mailing List <art@ietf.org> Mailing List <art@ietf.org>
Intended usage: COMMON Intended usage: COMMON
Restrictions on usage: This media type contains textual data in the Restrictions on usage: This media type contains textual data in the
US-ASCII charset, which is always 7-bit. US-ASCII charset, which is always 7-bit.
Author: See the Authors' Addresses section of [RFCXXXX] Author: See the Authors' Addresses section of RFC 8098.
Change controller: IETF Change controller: IETF
Provisional registration? no Provisional registration? no
(While the 7bit restriction applies to the message/disposition- (While the 7bit restriction applies to the message/disposition-
notification portion of the multipart/report content, it does not notification portion of the multipart/report content, it does not
apply to the optional third portion of the multipart/report content.) apply to the optional third portion of the multipart/report content.)
The message/disposition-notification report type for use in the The message/disposition-notification report type for use in the
multipart/report is "disposition-notification". multipart/report is "disposition-notification".
The body of a message/disposition-notification consists of one or The body of a message/disposition-notification consists of one or
more "fields" formatted according to the ABNF of RFC-MSGFMT [RFC5322] more "fields" formatted according to the ABNF of RFC-MSGFMT [RFC5322]
header "fields". The syntax of the message/disposition-notification header "fields". The syntax of the message/disposition-notification
skipping to change at page 13, line 29 skipping to change at page 12, line 41
final-recipient-field CRLF final-recipient-field CRLF
[ original-message-id-field CRLF ] [ original-message-id-field CRLF ]
disposition-field CRLF disposition-field CRLF
*( error-field CRLF ) *( error-field CRLF )
*( extension-field CRLF ) *( extension-field CRLF )
extension-field = extension-field-name ":" *([FWS] text) extension-field = extension-field-name ":" *([FWS] text)
extension-field-name = field-name extension-field-name = field-name
Note that the order of the above fields is recommended, but not Note that the order of the above fields is recommended but not fixed.
fixed. Extension fields can appear anywhere. Extension fields can appear anywhere.
3.1.1. General conventions for fields 3.1.1. General Conventions for Fields
Since these fields are defined according to the rules of RFC-MSGFMT Since these fields are defined according to the rules of RFC-MSGFMT
[RFC5322], the same conventions for continuation lines and comments [RFC5322], the same conventions for continuation lines and comments
apply. Notification fields may be continued onto multiple lines by apply. Notification fields may be continued onto multiple lines by
beginning each additional line with a SPACE or HTAB. Text that beginning each additional line with a SPACE or HTAB. Text that
appears in parentheses is considered a comment and not part of the appears in parentheses is considered a comment and not part of the
contents of that notification field. Field names are case- contents of that notification field. Field names are case
insensitive, so the names of notification fields may be spelled in insensitive, so the names of notification fields may be spelled in
any combination of upper and lower case letters. [RFC5322] comments any combination of uppercase and lowercase letters. [RFC5322]
in notification fields may use the "encoded-word" construct defined comments in notification fields may use the "encoded-word" construct
in RFC-MIME-HEADER [RFC2047]. defined in RFC-MIME-HEADER [RFC2047].
3.1.2. "*-type" subfields 3.1.2. "*-type" Subfields
Several fields consist of a "-type" subfield, followed by a semi- Several fields consist of a "-type" subfield, followed by a semi-
colon, followed by "*text". colon, followed by "*text". For these fields, the keyword used in
For these fields, the keyword used in the address-type or MTA-type the address-type or MTA-type subfield indicates the expected format
subfield indicates the expected format of the address or MTA-name of the address or MTA-name that follows.
that follows.
The "-type" subfields are defined as follows: The "-type" subfields are defined as follows:
a. An "address-type" specifies the format of a mailbox address. For a. An "address-type" specifies the format of a mailbox address. For
example, Internet Mail addresses use the "rfc822" address-type. example, Internet Mail addresses use the "rfc822" address-type.
Other values can appear in this field as specified in the Other values can appear in this field as specified in the
"Address Types" IANA subregistry established by RFC-DSN-FORMAT "Address Types" IANA subregistry established by RFC-DSN-FORMAT
[RFC3464]. [RFC3464].
address-type = atom address-type = atom
atom = <The version from RFC 5321 (not from RFC 5322) is used in this document.> atom = <The version from RFC 5321 (not from RFC 5322)
is used in this document.>
b. An "MTA-name-type" specifies the format of a mail transfer agent b. An "MTA-name-type" specifies the format of a mail transfer agent
name. For example, for an SMTP server on an Internet host, the name. For example, for an SMTP server on an Internet host, the
MTA name is the domain name of that host, and the "dns" MTA-name- MTA name is the domain name of that host, and the "dns" MTA-name-
type is used. Other values can appear in this field as specified type is used. Other values can appear in this field as specified
in the "MTA Name Types" IANA subregistry established by RFC-DSN- in the "MTA Name Types" IANA subregistry established by RFC-DSN-
FORMAT [RFC3464]. FORMAT [RFC3464].
mta-name-type = atom mta-name-type = atom
Values for address-type and mta-name-type are case-insensitive. Values for address-type and mta-name-type are case insensitive.
Thus, address-type values of "RFC822" and "rfc822" are equivalent. Thus, address-type values of "RFC822" and "rfc822" are equivalent.
The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) maintains a registry The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) maintains a registry
of address-type and mta-name-type values, along with descriptions of of address-type and mta-name-type values, along with descriptions of
the meanings of each, or a reference to one or more specifications the meanings of each or a reference to one or more specifications
that provide such descriptions. (The "rfc822" address-type is that provide such descriptions. (The "rfc822" address-type is
defined in RFC-DSN-SMTP [RFC3461].) Registration forms for address- defined in RFC-DSN-SMTP [RFC3461].) Registration forms for address-
type and mta-name-type appear in RFC-DSN-FORMAT [RFC3464]. type and mta-name-type appear in RFC-DSN-FORMAT [RFC3464].
3.2. Message/disposition-notification Content Fields 3.2. Message/Disposition-Notification Content Fields
3.2.1. The Reporting-UA Field
3.2.1. The Reporting-UA field
reporting-ua-field = "Reporting-UA" ":" OWS ua-name OWS [ ";" OWS ua-product OWS ] reporting-ua-field = "Reporting-UA" ":" OWS ua-name OWS
[ ";" OWS ua-product OWS ]
ua-name = *text-no-semi ua-name = *text-no-semi
ua-product = *([FWS] text) ua-product = *([FWS] text)
text-no-semi = %d1-9 / ; "text" characters excluding NUL, CR, text-no-semi = %d1-9 / ; "text" characters excluding NUL, CR,
%d11 / %d12 / %d14-58 / %d60-127 ; LF, or semi-colon %d11 / %d12 / %d14-58 / %d60-127 ; LF, or semi-colon
The Reporting-UA field is defined as follows: The Reporting-UA field is defined as follows:
An MDN describes the disposition of a message after it has been An MDN describes the disposition of a message after it has been
delivered to a recipient. In all cases, the Reporting-UA is the MUA delivered to a recipient. In all cases, the Reporting-UA is the MUA
that performed the disposition described in the MDN. that performed the disposition described in the MDN.
The "Reporting-UA" field contains information about the MUA that The "Reporting-UA" field contains information about the MUA that
generated the MDN, which is often used by servers to help identify generated the MDN, which is often used by servers to help identify
the scope of reported interoperability problems, to work around or the scope of reported interoperability problems, to work around or
tailor responses to avoid particular MUA limitations, and for tailor responses to avoid particular MUA limitations, and for
analytics regarding MUA or operating system use. A MUA SHOULD send a analytics regarding MUA or operating system use. An MUA SHOULD send
"Reporting-UA" field unless specifically configured not to do so. a "Reporting-UA" field unless specifically configured not to do so.
If the reporting MUA consists of more than one component (e.g., a If the reporting MUA consists of more than one component (e.g., a
base program and plug-ins), this may be indicated by including a list base program and plug-ins), this may be indicated by including a list
of product names. of product names.
A reporting MUA SHOULD limit generated product identifiers to what is A reporting MUA SHOULD limit generated product identifiers to what is
necessary to identify the product; a sender MUST NOT generate necessary to identify the product; a sender MUST NOT generate
advertising or other nonessential information within the product advertising or other nonessential information within the product
identifier. identifier.
A reporting MUA SHOULD NOT generate a "Reporting-UA" field containing A reporting MUA SHOULD NOT generate a "Reporting-UA" field containing
needlessly fine-grained detail and SHOULD limit the addition of needlessly fine-grained detail and SHOULD limit the addition of
subproducts by third parties. Overly long and detailed "Reporting- subproducts by third parties. Overly long and detailed "Reporting-
UA" field values increase the risk of a user being identified against UA" field values increase the risk of a user being identified against
their wishes ("fingerprinting"). their wishes ("fingerprinting").
Likewise, implementations are encouraged not to use the product Likewise, implementations are encouraged not to use the product
tokens of other implementations in order to declare compatibility tokens of other implementations in order to declare compatibility
with them, as this circumvents the purpose of the field. If a MUA with them, as this circumvents the purpose of the field. If an MUA
masquerades as a different MUA, recipients can assume that the user masquerades as a different MUA, recipients can assume that the user
intentionally desires to see responses tailored for that identified intentionally desires to see responses tailored for that identified
MUA, even if they might not work as well for the actual MUA being MUA, even if they might not work as well for the actual MUA being
used. used.
Example: Example:
Reporting-UA: Foomail 97.1 Reporting-UA: Foomail 97.1
3.2.2. The MDN-Gateway field 3.2.2. The MDN-Gateway Field
The MDN-Gateway field indicates the name of the gateway or MTA that The MDN-Gateway field indicates the name of the gateway or MTA that
translated a foreign (non-Internet) message disposition notification translated a foreign (non-Internet) message disposition notification
into this MDN. This field MUST appear in any MDN that was translated into this MDN. This field MUST appear in any MDN that was translated
by a gateway from a foreign system into MDN format, and MUST NOT by a gateway from a foreign system into MDN format and MUST NOT
appear otherwise. appear otherwise.
mdn-gateway-field = "MDN-Gateway" ":" OWS mta-name-type OWS ";" OWS mta-name OWS mdn-gateway-field = "MDN-Gateway" ":" OWS mta-name-type OWS
";" OWS mta-name OWS
mta-name = *text mta-name = *text
For gateways into Internet Mail, the MTA-name-type will normally be For gateways into Internet Mail, the MTA-name-type will normally be
"dns", and the mta-name will be the Internet domain name of the "dns", and the mta-name will be the Internet domain name of the
gateway. gateway.
3.2.3. Original-Recipient field 3.2.3. Original-Recipient Field
The Original-Recipient field indicates the original recipient address The Original-Recipient field indicates the original recipient address
as specified by the sender of the message for which the MDN is being as specified by the sender of the message for which the MDN is being
issued. For Internet Mail messages, the value of the Original- issued. For Internet Mail messages, the value of the Original-
Recipient field is obtained from the Original-Recipient header field Recipient field is obtained from the Original-Recipient header field
from the message for which the MDN is being generated. If there is from the message for which the MDN is being generated. If there is
an Original-Recipient header field in the message, or if information an Original-Recipient header field in the message, or if information
about the original recipient is reliably available some other way, about the original recipient is reliably available some other way,
then the Original-Recipient field MUST be included. Otherwise, the then the Original-Recipient field MUST be included. Otherwise, the
Original-Recipient field MUST NOT be included. If there is more than Original-Recipient field MUST NOT be included. If there is more than
one Original-Recipient header field in the message, the MUA may one Original-Recipient header field in the message, the MUA may
choose the one to use, or act as if no Original-Recipient header choose the one to use or act as if no Original-Recipient header field
field is present. is present.
original-recipient-field = original-recipient-field =
"Original-Recipient" ":" OWS address-type OWS ";" OWS generic-address OWS "Original-Recipient" ":" OWS address-type OWS
";" OWS generic-address OWS
generic-address = *text generic-address = *text
The address-type field indicates the type of the original recipient The address-type field indicates the type of the original recipient
address. If the message originated within the Internet, the address- address. If the message originated within the Internet, the address-
type field will normally be "rfc822", and the address will be type field will normally be "rfc822", and the address will be
according to the syntax specified in RFC-MSGFMT [RFC5322]. The value according to the syntax specified in RFC-MSGFMT [RFC5322]. The value
"unknown" should be used if the Reporting MUA cannot determine the "unknown" should be used if the Reporting MUA cannot determine the
type of the original recipient address from the message envelope. type of the original recipient address from the message envelope.
This address is the same as that provided by the sender and can be This address is the same as that provided by the sender and can be
used to automatically correlate MDN reports with original messages on used to automatically correlate MDN reports with original messages on
a per recipient basis. a per-recipient basis.
3.2.4. Final-Recipient field 3.2.4. Final-Recipient Field
The Final-Recipient field indicates the recipient for which the MDN The Final-Recipient field indicates the recipient for which the MDN
is being issued. This field MUST be present. is being issued. This field MUST be present.
The syntax of the field is as follows: The syntax of the field is as follows:
final-recipient-field = final-recipient-field = "Final-Recipient" ":" OWS address-type OWS
"Final-Recipient" ":" OWS address-type OWS ";" OWS generic-address OWS ";" OWS generic-address OWS
The generic-address subfield of the Final-Recipient field SHOULD The generic-address subfield of the Final-Recipient field SHOULD
contain the mailbox address of the recipient (which will be the same contain the mailbox address of the recipient (which will be the same
as the From header field of the MDN) as it was when the MDN was as the From header field of the MDN) as it was when the MDN was
generated by the MUA. generated by the MUA.
One example of when this field might not contain the final One example of when this field might not contain the final
recipient address of the message is when an alias (e.g. "customer- recipient address of the message is when an alias (e.g.,
support@example.com") forwards mail to a specific personal address <customer-support@example.com>) forwards mail to a specific
(e.g. "bob@example.com"). Bob might want to be able to send MDNs, personal address (e.g., <bob@example.com>). Bob might want to be
but not give away his personal email address. In this case the able to send MDNs but not give away his personal email address.
Final-Recipient field can be "customer-support@example.com" In this case, the Final-Recipient field can be
instead of "bob@example.com". <customer-support@example.com> instead of <bob@example.com>.
The Final-Recipient address may differ from the address originally The Final-Recipient address may differ from the address originally
provided by the sender, because it may have been transformed during provided by the sender, because it may have been transformed during
forwarding and gatewaying into a totally unrecognizable mess. forwarding and gatewaying into a totally unrecognizable mess.
However, in the absence of the optional Original-Recipient field, the However, in the absence of the optional Original-Recipient field, the
Final-Recipient field and any returned content may be the only Final-Recipient field and any returned content may be the only
information available with which to correlate the MDN with a information available with which to correlate the MDN with a
particular message recipient. particular message recipient.
The address-type subfield indicates the type of address expected by The address-type subfield indicates the type of address expected by
the reporting MTA in that context. Recipient addresses obtained via the reporting MTA in that context. Recipient addresses obtained via
SMTP will normally be of address-type "rfc822", but can be other SMTP will normally be of address-type "rfc822", but can be other
values from the "Address Types" subregistry of the "Delivery Status values from the "Address Types" subregistry of the "Delivery Status
Notification (DSN) Types" IANA registry. Notification (DSN) Types" IANA registry.
Since mailbox addresses (including those used in the Internet) may be Since mailbox addresses (including those used in the Internet) may be
case sensitive, the case of alphabetic characters in the address MUST case sensitive, the case of alphabetic characters in the address MUST
be preserved. be preserved.
3.2.5. Original-Message-ID field 3.2.5. Original-Message-ID Field
The Original-Message-ID field indicates the message-ID of the message The Original-Message-ID field indicates the message-ID of the message
for which the MDN is being issued. It is obtained from the Message- for which the MDN is being issued. It is obtained from the
ID header field of the message for which the MDN is issued. This Message-ID header field of the message for which the MDN is issued.
field MUST be present if and only if the original message contained a This field MUST be present if and only if the original message
Message-ID header field. The syntax of the field is as follows: contained a Message-ID header field. The syntax of the field is as
follows:
original-message-id-field = original-message-id-field =
"Original-Message-ID" ":" msg-id "Original-Message-ID" ":" msg-id
The msg-id token is as specified in RFC-MSGFMT [RFC5322]. The msg-id token is as specified in RFC-MSGFMT [RFC5322].
3.2.6. Disposition field 3.2.6. Disposition Field
The Disposition field indicates the action performed by the The Disposition field indicates the action performed by the Reporting
Reporting-MUA on behalf of the user. This field MUST be present. MUA on behalf of the user. This field MUST be present.
The syntax for the Disposition field is: The syntax for the Disposition field is:
disposition-field = disposition-field =
"Disposition" ":" OWS disposition-mode OWS ";" "Disposition" ":" OWS disposition-mode OWS ";"
OWS disposition-type OWS disposition-type
[ OWS "/" OWS disposition-modifier [ OWS "/" OWS disposition-modifier
*( OWS "," OWS disposition-modifier ) ] OWS *( OWS "," OWS disposition-modifier ) ] OWS
disposition-mode = action-mode OWS "/" OWS sending-mode disposition-mode = action-mode OWS "/" OWS sending-mode
skipping to change at page 18, line 32 skipping to change at page 17, line 46
sending-mode = "MDN-sent-manually" / "MDN-sent-automatically" sending-mode = "MDN-sent-manually" / "MDN-sent-automatically"
disposition-type = "displayed" / "deleted" / "dispatched" / disposition-type = "displayed" / "deleted" / "dispatched" /
"processed" "processed"
disposition-modifier = "error" / disposition-modifier-extension disposition-modifier = "error" / disposition-modifier-extension
disposition-modifier-extension = atom disposition-modifier-extension = atom
The disposition-mode, disposition-type, and disposition-modifier The disposition-mode, disposition-type, and disposition-modifier
values may be spelled in any combination of upper and lower case US- values may be spelled in any combination of uppercase and lowercase
ASCII characters. US-ASCII characters.
3.2.6.1. Disposition modes 3.2.6.1. Disposition Modes
Disposition mode consists of 2 parts: action mode and sending mode. Disposition mode consists of two parts: action mode and sending mode.
The following action modes are defined: The following action modes are defined:
"manual-action" The disposition described by the disposition type "manual-action" The disposition described by the disposition type
was a result of an explicit instruction by the was a result of an explicit instruction by the
user rather than some sort of automatically user rather than some sort of automatically
performed action. (This might include the case performed action. (This might include the case
when the user has manually configured her MUA to when the user has manually configured her MUA to
automatically respond to valid MDN requests.) automatically respond to valid MDN requests.)
Unless prescribed otherwise in a particular mail Unless prescribed otherwise in a particular mail
environment, in order to preserve user's privacy, environment, in order to preserve the user's
this MUST be the default for MUAs. privacy, this MUST be the default for MUAs.
"automatic-action" The disposition described by the disposition type "automatic-action" The disposition described by the disposition type
was a result of an automatic action, rather than was a result of an automatic action rather than
an explicit instruction by the user for this an explicit instruction by the user for this
message. This is typically generated by a Mail message. This is typically generated by a Mail
Delivery Agent (e.g. MDN generations by Sieve Delivery Agent (e.g., MDN generations by Sieve
reject action [RFC5429], Fax-over-Email reject action [RFC5429], Fax-over-Email
[RFC3249], Voice Messaging System (VPIM) [RFC3249], VPIM [RFC3801], or upon delivery to a
[RFC3801] or upon delivery to a mailing list). mailing list).
"Manual-action" and "automatic-action" are mutually exclusive. One "Manual-action" and "automatic-action" are mutually exclusive. One
or the other MUST be specified. or the other MUST be specified.
The following sending modes are defined: The following sending modes are defined:
"MDN-sent-manually" The user explicitly gave permission for this "MDN-sent-manually" The user explicitly gave permission for this
particular MDN to be sent. Unless prescribed particular MDN to be sent. Unless prescribed
otherwise in a particular mail environment, in otherwise in a particular mail environment, in
order to preserve user's privacy, this MUST be order to preserve the user's privacy, this MUST
the default for MUAs. be the default for MUAs.
"MDN-sent-automatically" The MDN was sent because the MUA had "MDN-sent-automatically"
previously been configured to do so The MDN was sent because the MUA had previously
automatically. been configured to do so automatically.
"MDN-sent-manually" and "MDN-sent-automatically" are mutually "MDN-sent-manually" and "MDN-sent-automatically" are mutually
exclusive. One or the other MUST be specified. exclusive. One or the other MUST be specified.
3.2.6.2. Disposition types 3.2.6.2. Disposition Types
The following disposition-types are defined: The following disposition-types are defined:
"displayed" The message has been displayed by the MUA to "displayed" The message has been displayed by the MUA to
someone reading the recipient's mailbox. There someone reading the recipient's mailbox. There
is no guarantee that the content has been read or is no guarantee that the content has been read or
understood. understood.
"dispatched" The message has been sent somewhere in some "dispatched" The message has been sent somewhere in some
manner (e.g., printed, faxed, forwarded) without manner (e.g., printed, faxed, forwarded) without
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(i.e., by some sort of rules or server) without (i.e., by some sort of rules or server) without
being displayed to the user. The user may or may being displayed to the user. The user may or may
not see the message later, or there may not even not see the message later, or there may not even
be a human user associated with the mailbox. be a human user associated with the mailbox.
"deleted" The message has been deleted. The recipient may "deleted" The message has been deleted. The recipient may
or may not have seen the message. The recipient or may not have seen the message. The recipient
might "undelete" the message at a later time and might "undelete" the message at a later time and
read the message. read the message.
3.2.6.3. Disposition modifiers 3.2.6.3. Disposition Modifiers
Only the extension disposition modifiers is defined: Only the extension disposition modifiers are defined:
disposition-modifier-extension disposition-modifier-extension
Disposition modifiers may be defined in the Disposition modifiers may be defined in the
future by later revisions or extensions to this future by later revisions or extensions to this
specification. MDN disposition value names MUST specification. MDN disposition value names MUST
be registered with the Internet Assigned Numbers be registered with the Internet Assigned Numbers
Authority (IANA) using "Specification required" Authority (IANA) using the "Specification
registration policy. (See Section 10 for a Required" registration policy. (See Section 10
registration form.) MDNs with disposition for a registration form.) MDNs with disposition
modifier names not understood by the receiving modifier names not understood by the receiving
MUA MAY be silently ignored or placed in the MUA MAY be silently ignored or placed in the
user's mailbox without special interpretation. user's mailbox without special interpretation.
They MUST NOT cause any error message to be sent They MUST NOT cause any error message to be sent
to the sender of the MDN. to the sender of the MDN.
It is not required that an MUA be able to generate all of the It is not required that an MUA be able to generate all of the
possible values of the Disposition field. possible values of the Disposition field.
A user agent MUST NOT issue more than one MDN on behalf of each A user agent MUST NOT issue more than one MDN on behalf of each
particular recipient. That is, once an MDN has been issued on behalf particular recipient. That is, once an MDN has been issued on behalf
of a recipient, no further MDNs may be issued on behalf of that of a recipient, no further MDNs may be issued on behalf of that
recipient, even if another disposition is performed on the message. recipient, even if another disposition is performed on the message.
However, if a message is forwarded, a "dispatched" MDN MAY be issued However, if a message is forwarded, a "dispatched" MDN MAY be issued
for the recipient doing the forwarding and the recipient of the for the recipient doing the forwarding and the recipient of the
forwarded message may also cause an MDN to be generated. forwarded message may also cause an MDN to be generated.
3.2.7. Error Field 3.2.7. Error Field
The Error field is used to supply additional information in the form The Error field is used to supply additional information in the form
of text messages when the "error" disposition modifier appear. The of text messages when the "error" disposition modifier appears. The
syntax is as follows: syntax is as follows:
error-field = "Error" ":" *([FWS] text) error-field = "Error" ":" *([FWS] text)
Note that syntax of these header fields doesn't include comments, so Note that syntax of these header fields doesn't include comments, so
"encoded-word" construct defined in RFC-MIME-HEADER [RFC2047] can't the "encoded-word" construct defined in RFC-MIME-HEADER [RFC2047]
be used to convey non ASCII text. Application that need to convey can't be used to convey non-ASCII text. Applications that need to
non ASCII text in these fields should consider implementing message/ convey non-ASCII text in these fields should consider implementing
global-disposition-notification media type specified in [RFC6533] the message/global-disposition-notification media type specified in
instead of this specification. [RFC6533] instead of this specification.
3.3. Extension-fields 3.3. Extension-Fields
Additional MDN fields may be defined in the future by later revisions Additional MDN fields may be defined in the future by later revisions
or extensions to this specification. MDN field names MUST be or extensions to this specification. MDN field names MUST be
registered with the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) using registered with the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) using
"Specification required" registration policy. (See Section 10 for a the "Specification Required" registration policy. (See Section 10
registration form.) MDN Extension-fields may be defined for the for a registration form.) MDN Extension-fields may be defined for
following reasons: the following reasons:
a. To allow additional information from foreign disposition reports a. To allow additional information from foreign disposition reports
to be tunneled through Internet MDNs. The names of such MDN to be tunneled through Internet MDNs. The names of such MDN
fields should begin with an indication of the foreign environment fields should begin with an indication of the foreign environment
name (e.g., X400-Physical-Forwarding-Address). name (e.g., X400-Physical-Forwarding-Address).
b. To allow transmission of diagnostic information that is specific b. To allow transmission of diagnostic information that is specific
to a particular mail user agent (MUA). The names of such MDN to a particular Mail User Agent (MUA). The names of such MDN
fields should begin with an indication of the MUA implementation fields should begin with an indication of the MUA implementation
that produced the MDN (e.g., Foomail-information). that produced the MDN (e.g., Foomail-information).
4. Timeline of events 4. Timeline of Events
The following timeline shows when various events in the processing of The following timeline shows when various events in the processing of
a message and generation of MDNs take place: a message and generation of MDNs take place:
-- User composes message -- User composes message.
-- User tells MUA to send message. -- User tells MUA to send message.
-- MUA passes message to Mail Submission Agent (MSA), original -- MUA passes message to Mail Submission Agent (MSA) and original
recipient information passed along. recipient information is passed along.
-- MSA sends message to next MTA. -- MSA sends message to next MTA.
-- Final MTA receives message. -- Final MTA receives message.
-- Final MTA delivers message to recipient's mailbox (possibly -- Final MTA delivers message to recipient's mailbox (possibly
generating a Delivery Status Notification (DSN)). generating a Delivery Status Notification (DSN)).
-- (Recipient's) MUA discovers a new message in recipient's mailbox -- (Recipient's) MUA discovers a new message in recipient's mailbox
and decides whether an MDN should be generated. If the MUA has and decides whether an MDN should be generated. If the MUA has
information that an MDN has already been generated for this information that an MDN has already been generated for this
message, no further MDN processing described below is performed. message, no further MDN processing described below is performed.
If MUA decides that no MDN can be generated, no further MDN If MUA decides that no MDN can be generated, no further MDN
processing described below is performed. processing described below is performed.
-- MUA performs automatic processing and might generate corresponding -- MUA performs automatic processing and might generate corresponding
MDNs ("dispatched", "processed" or "deleted" disposition type with MDNs ("dispatched", "processed", or "deleted" disposition type
"automatic-action" and "MDN-sent-automatically" disposition with "automatic-action" and "MDN-sent-automatically" disposition
modes). The MUA remembers that an MDN was generated. modes). The MUA remembers that an MDN was generated.
-- MUA displays list of messages to user. -- MUA displays list of messages to user.
-- User selects a message and requests that some action be performed -- User selects a message and requests that some action be performed
on it. on it.
-- MUA performs requested action; if an automatic MDN has not already -- MUA performs requested action; if an automatic MDN has not already
been generated, with user's permission, sends an appropriate MDN been generated, with user's permission, sends an appropriate MDN
("displayed", "dispatched", "processed", or "deleted" disposition ("displayed", "dispatched", "processed", or "deleted" disposition
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an MDN unless the mail protocols provide the address originally an MDN unless the mail protocols provide the address originally
specified by the sender at the time of submission. Ordinary SMTP specified by the sender at the time of submission. Ordinary SMTP
does not make that guarantee, but the SMTP extension defined in RFC- does not make that guarantee, but the SMTP extension defined in RFC-
DSN-SMTP [RFC3461] permits such information to be carried in the DSN-SMTP [RFC3461] permits such information to be carried in the
envelope if it is available. The Original-Recipient header field envelope if it is available. The Original-Recipient header field
defined in this document provides a way for the MTA to pass the defined in this document provides a way for the MTA to pass the
original recipient address to the MUA. original recipient address to the MUA.
Each sender-specified recipient address may result in more than one Each sender-specified recipient address may result in more than one
MDN. If an MDN is requested for a recipient that is forwarded to MDN. If an MDN is requested for a recipient that is forwarded to
multiple recipients of an "alias" (as defined in RFC-DSN-SMTP multiple recipients of an "alias" (as defined in Section 6.2.7.3 of
[RFC3461], section 6.2.7.3), each of the recipients may issue an MDN. RFC-DSN-SMTP [RFC3461]), each of the recipients may issue an MDN.
Successful distribution of a message to a mailing list exploder or Successful distribution of a message to a mailing list exploder or
gateway to Usenet newsgroup SHOULD be considered the final gateway to Usenet newsgroup SHOULD be considered the final
disposition of the message. A mailing list exploder MAY issue an MDN disposition of the message. A mailing list exploder MAY issue an MDN
with a disposition type of "processed" and disposition modes of with a disposition type of "processed" and disposition modes of
"automatic-action" and "MDN-sent-automatically" indicating that the "automatic-action" and "MDN-sent-automatically" indicating that the
message has been forwarded to the list. In this case, the request message has been forwarded to the list. In this case, the request
for MDNs is not propagated to the members of the list. for MDNs is not propagated to the members of the list.
Alternatively (if successful distribution of a message to a mailing Alternatively (if successful distribution of a message to a mailing
list exploder/Usenet newsgroup is not considered the final list exploder / Usenet newsgroup is not considered the final
disposition of the message), the mailing list exploder can issue no disposition of the message), the mailing list exploder can issue no
MDN and propagate the request for MDNs to all members of the list. MDN and propagate the request for MDNs to all members of the list.
The latter behavior is not recommended for any but small, closely The latter behavior is not recommended for any but small, closely
knit lists, as it might cause large numbers of MDNs to be generated knit lists, as it might cause large numbers of MDNs to be generated
and may cause confidential subscribers to the list to be revealed. and may cause confidential subscribers to the list to be revealed.
The mailing list exploder can also direct MDNs to itself, correlate The mailing list exploder can also direct MDNs to itself, correlate
them, and produce a report to the original sender of the message. them, and produce a report to the original sender of the message.
This specification places no restrictions on the processing of MDNs This specification places no restrictions on the processing of MDNs
received by user agents or mailing lists. received by user agents or mailing lists.
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MDNs can be (and are, in practice) forged as easily as ordinary MDNs can be (and are, in practice) forged as easily as ordinary
Internet electronic mail. User agents and automatic mail handling Internet electronic mail. User agents and automatic mail handling
facilities (such as mail distribution list exploders) that wish to facilities (such as mail distribution list exploders) that wish to
make automatic use of MDNs should take appropriate precautions to make automatic use of MDNs should take appropriate precautions to
minimize the potential damage from denial-of-service attacks. minimize the potential damage from denial-of-service attacks.
Security threats related to forged MDNs include the sending of: Security threats related to forged MDNs include the sending of:
a. A falsified disposition notification when the indicated a. A falsified disposition notification when the indicated
disposition of the message has not actually occurred, disposition of the message has not actually occurred, and
b. Unsolicited MDNs b. Unsolicited MDNs.
Similarly, a forged spam or phishing email message can contain Similarly, a forged spam or phishing email message can contain
Disposition-Notification-To header field that can trick the recipient Disposition-Notification-To header field that can trick the recipient
to send an MDN. MDN processing should only be invoked once to send an MDN. MDN processing should only be invoked once
authenticity of email message is verified. authenticity of an email message is verified.
6.2. Privacy 6.2. Privacy
Another dimension of security is privacy. There may be cases in Another dimension of security is privacy. There may be cases in
which a message recipient does not wish the disposition of messages which a message recipient does not wish the disposition of messages
addressed to him to be known, or is concerned that the sending of addressed to him to be known, or is concerned that the sending of
MDNs may reveal other sensitive information (e.g., when the message MDNs may reveal other sensitive information (e.g., when the message
was read, using which email client, which OS was used). In this was read, using which email client, and which OS was used). In this
situation, it is acceptable for the MUA to silently ignore requests situation, it is acceptable for the MUA to silently ignore requests
for MDNs. for MDNs.
If the Disposition-Notification-To header field is passed on If the Disposition-Notification-To header field is passed on
unmodified when a message is distributed to the subscribers of a unmodified when a message is distributed to the subscribers of a
mailing list, the subscribers to the list may be revealed to the mailing list, the subscribers to the list may be revealed to the
sender of the original message by the generation of MDNs. sender of the original message by the generation of MDNs.
Headers of the original message returned in part 3 of the multipart/ Headers of the original message returned in part 3 of the multipart/
report, as well as content of the message/disposition-notification report, as well as content of the message/disposition-notification
part could reveal confidential information about host names and/or part, could reveal confidential information about host names and/or
network topology inside a firewall. network topology inside a firewall.
Disposition mode (Section 3.2.6.1) can leak information about Disposition mode (Section 3.2.6.1) can leak information about
recipient's MUA configuration, in particular whether MDNs are recipient's MUA configuration, in particular, whether MDNs are
acknowledged manually or automatically. If this is a concern, MUAs acknowledged manually or automatically. If this is a concern, MUAs
can return "manual-action/MDN-sent-manually" disposition mode in can return "manual-action/MDN-sent-manually" disposition mode in
generated MDNs. generated MDNs.
In general, any optional MDN field may be omitted if the Reporting In general, any optional MDN field may be omitted if the Reporting
MUA site or user determines that inclusion of the field would impose MUA site or user determines that inclusion of the field would impose
too great a compromise of site confidentiality. The need for such too great a compromise of site confidentiality. The need for such
confidentiality must be balanced against the utility of the omitted confidentiality must be balanced against the utility of the omitted
information in MDNs. information in MDNs.
In some cases, someone with access to the message stream may use the In some cases, someone with access to the message stream may use the
MDN request mechanism to monitor the mail reading habits of a target. MDN request mechanism to monitor the mail reading habits of a target.
If the target is known to generate MDN reports, they could add a If the target is known to generate MDN reports, they could add a
disposition-notification-to field containing the envelope from disposition-notification-to field containing the envelope from
address. This risk can be minimized by not sending MDN's address. This risk can be minimized by not sending MDN's
automatically. automatically.
6.2.1. Disclosure of Product Information 6.2.1. Disclosure of Product Information
The "Reporting-UA" field (Section 3.2.1) User-Agent (Section 5.5.3) The "Reporting-UA" field (Section 3.2.1), User-Agent (Section 5.5.3),
and header fields often reveal information about the respective and header fields often reveal information about the respective
sender's software systems. In theory, this can make it easier for an sender's software systems. In theory, this can make it easier for an
attacker to exploit known security holes; in practice, attackers tend attacker to exploit known security holes; in practice, attackers tend
to try all potential holes regardless of the apparent software to try all potential holes regardless of the apparent software
versions being used. Also note that the "Reporting-UA" field doesn't versions being used. Also note that the "Reporting-UA" field doesn't
provide any new information in comparison to the "User-Agent" and/or provide any new information in comparison to the "User-Agent" and/or
(undocumented) "X-Mailer" header fields used by many MUAs. (undocumented) "X-Mailer" header fields used by many MUAs.
6.2.2. MUA Fingerprinting 6.2.2. MUA Fingerprinting
The "Reporting-UA" field (Section 3.2.1) might contain enough The "Reporting-UA" field (Section 3.2.1) might contain enough
information to uniquely identify a specific device, usually when information to uniquely identify a specific device, usually when
combined with other characteristics, particularly if the user agent combined with other characteristics, particularly if the user agent
sends excessive details about the user's system or extensions. Even sends excessive details about the user's system or extensions. Even
when the guidance in Section 3.2.1 is followed to avoid when the guidance in Section 3.2.1 is followed to avoid
fingerprinting, other sources of unique information may still be fingerprinting, other sources of unique information may still be
present, such as the Accept-Language header fields. present, such as the Accept-Language header fields.
6.3. Non-Repudiation 6.3. Non-repudiation
MDNs do not provide non-repudiation with proof of delivery. Within MDNs do not provide non-repudiation with proof of delivery. Within
the framework of today's Internet Mail, the MDNs defined in this the framework of today's Internet Mail, the MDNs defined in this
document provide valuable information to the mail user; however, MDNs document provide valuable information to the mail user; however, MDNs
cannot be relied upon as a guarantee that a message was or was not cannot be relied upon as a guarantee that a message was or was not
seen by the recipient. Even if MDNs are not actively forged, they seen by the recipient. Even if MDNs are not actively forged, they
may be lost in transit. The recipient may bypass the MDN issuing may be lost in transit. The recipient may bypass the MDN issuing
mechanism in some manner. mechanism in some manner.
One possible solution for this purpose can be found in RFC-SEC- One possible solution for this purpose can be found in RFC-SEC-
SERVICES [RFC2634]. SERVICES [RFC2634].
6.4. Mail Bombing 6.4. Mail Bombing
The MDN request mechanism introduces an additional way of mailbombing The MDN request mechanism introduces an additional way of mail
a mailbox. The MDN request notification provides an address to which bombing a mailbox. The MDN request notification provides an address
MDN's should be sent. It is possible for an attacking agent to send to which MDN's should be sent. It is possible for an attacking agent
a potentially large set of messages to otherwise unsuspecting third to send a potentially large set of messages to otherwise unsuspecting
party recipients with a false "disposition-notification-to:" address. third party recipients with a false "disposition-notification-to:"
Automatic, or simplistic processing of such requests would result in address. Automatic or simplistic processing of such requests would
a flood of MDN notifications to the target of the attack. result in a flood of MDN notifications to the target of the attack.
Additionally, as generated MDN notifications can include full content Additionally, as generated MDN notifications can include the full
of messages that caused them and thus they can be bigger than such content of messages that caused them and thus they can be bigger than
messages, they can be used for bandwidth amplification attacks. Such such messages, they can be used for bandwidth amplification attacks.
an attack could overrun the storage capacity of the targeted mailbox Such an attack could overrun the storage capacity of the targeted
and/or of the mail transport system, and deny service. mailbox and/or of the mail transport system, and deny service.
For that reason, MDN's SHOULD NOT be sent automatically where the For that reason, MDN's SHOULD NOT be sent automatically where the
"disposition-notification-to:" address is different from the SMTP "disposition-notification-to:" address is different from the SMTP
"MAIL FROM" address (which is carried in the Return-Path header "MAIL FROM" address (which is carried in the Return-Path header
field). See Section 2.1 for further discussion. field). See Section 2.1 for further discussion.
7. Collected ABNF Grammar 7. Collected ABNF Grammar
NOTE: The following lexical tokens are defined in RFC-MSGFMT NOTE: The following lexical tokens are defined in RFC-MSGFMT
[RFC5322]: CRLF, FWS, CFWS, field-name, mailbox-list, msg-id, text, [RFC5322]: CRLF, FWS, CFWS, field-name, mailbox-list, msg-id, text,
comment, word. The following lexical tokens are defined in RFC-SMTP comment, and word. The following lexical tokens are defined in RFC-
[RFC5321]: atom. (Note that RFC-MSGFMT [RFC5322] also defines SMTP [RFC5321]: atom. (Note that RFC-MSGFMT [RFC5322] also defines
"atom", but the version from RFC-SMTP [RFC5321] is more restrictive "atom", but the version from RFC-SMTP [RFC5321] is more restrictive
and this more restrictive version is used in this document.) and this more restrictive version is used in this document.) The
"encoded-word" construct defined in RFC-MIME-HEADER [RFC2047] is "encoded-word" construct defined in RFC-MIME-HEADER [RFC2047] is
allowed everywhere where RFC-MSGFMT [RFC5322] "comment" is used, for allowed everywhere where RFC-MSGFMT [RFC5322] "comment" is used, for
example in CFWS. example, in CFWS.
OWS = [CFWS] OWS = [CFWS]
; Optional whitespace. ; Optional whitespace.
; MDN generators SHOULD use "*WSP" ; MDN generators SHOULD use "*WSP"
; (typically a single space or nothing. ; (typically a single space or nothing, and
; It SHOULD be nothing at the end of a field), ; it SHOULD be nothing at the end of a field),
; unless an RFC 5322 "comment" is required. ; unless an RFC 5322 "comment" is required.
; ;
; MDN parsers MUST parse it as "[CFWS]". ; MDN parsers MUST parse it as "[CFWS]".
Message header fields: Message header fields:
mdn-request-header = mdn-request-header =
"Disposition-Notification-To" ":" mailbox-list CRLF "Disposition-Notification-To" ":" mailbox-list CRLF
Disposition-Notification-Options = Disposition-Notification-Options =
"Disposition-Notification-Options" ":" [FWS] "Disposition-Notification-Options" ":" [FWS]
disposition-notification-parameter-list CRLF disposition-notification-parameter-list CRLF
disposition-notification-parameter-list = disposition-notification-parameter-list =
disposition-notification-parameter disposition-notification-parameter
*([FWS] ";" [FWS] disposition-notification-parameter) *([FWS] ";" [FWS]
disposition-notification-parameter)
disposition-notification-parameter = attribute [FWS] "=" [FWS] disposition-notification-parameter = attribute [FWS] "=" [FWS]
importance [FWS] "," [FWS] value *([FWS] "," [FWS] value) importance [FWS] "," [FWS] value *([FWS] ","
[FWS] value)
importance = "required" / "optional" importance = "required" / "optional"
attribute = atom attribute = atom
value = word
original-recipient-header = value = word
"Original-Recipient" ":" OWS address-type OWS ";" OWS generic-address OWS CRLF original-recipient-header =
"Original-Recipient" ":" OWS address-type OWS
";" OWS generic-address OWS CRLF
Report content: Report content:
disposition-notification-content = disposition-notification-content =
[ reporting-ua-field CRLF ] [ reporting-ua-field CRLF ]
[ mdn-gateway-field CRLF ] [ mdn-gateway-field CRLF ]
[ original-recipient-field CRLF ] [ original-recipient-field CRLF ]
final-recipient-field CRLF final-recipient-field CRLF
[ original-message-id-field CRLF ] [ original-message-id-field CRLF ]
disposition-field CRLF disposition-field CRLF
*( error-field CRLF ) *( error-field CRLF )
*( extension-field CRLF ) *( extension-field CRLF )
address-type = atom address-type = atom
mta-name-type = atom mta-name-type = atom
reporting-ua-field = "Reporting-UA" ":" OWS ua-name OWS [ ";" OWS ua-product OWS ] reporting-ua-field = "Reporting-UA" ":" OWS ua-name OWS [
";" OWS ua-product OWS ]
ua-name = *text-no-semi ua-name = *text-no-semi
ua-product = *([FWS] text) ua-product = *([FWS] text)
text-no-semi = %d1-9 / ; "text" characters excluding NUL, CR, text-no-semi = %d1-9 / ; "text" characters excluding NUL, CR,
%d11 / %d12 / %d14-58 / %d60-127 ; LF, or semi-colon %d11 / %d12 / %d14-58 / %d60-127 ; LF, or semi-colon
mdn-gateway-field = "MDN-Gateway" ":" OWS mta-name-type OWS ";" OWS mta-name mdn-gateway-field = "MDN-Gateway" ":" OWS mta-name-type OWS
";" OWS mta-name
mta-name = *text mta-name = *text
original-recipient-field = original-recipient-field =
"Original-Recipient" ":" OWS address-type OWS ";" OWS generic-address OWS "Original-Recipient" ":" OWS address-type OWS
";" OWS generic-address OWS
generic-address = *text generic-address = *text
final-recipient-field = final-recipient-field =
"Final-Recipient" ":" OWS address-type OWS ";" OWS generic-address OWS "Final-Recipient" ":" OWS address-type OWS
";" OWS generic-address OWS
original-message-id-field = "Original-Message-ID" ":" msg-id original-message-id-field = "Original-Message-ID" ":" msg-id
disposition-field = disposition-field =
"Disposition" ":" OWS disposition-mode OWS ";" "Disposition" ":" OWS disposition-mode OWS ";"
OWS disposition-type OWS disposition-type
[ OWS "/" OWS disposition-modifier [ OWS "/" OWS disposition-modifier
*( OWS "," OWS disposition-modifier ) ] OWS *( OWS "," OWS disposition-modifier ) ] OWS
disposition-mode = action-mode OWS "/" OWS sending-mode disposition-mode = action-mode OWS "/" OWS sending-mode
action-mode = "manual-action" / "automatic-action" action-mode = "manual-action" / "automatic-action"
sending-mode = "MDN-sent-manually" / "MDN-sent-automatically" sending-mode = "MDN-sent-manually" / "MDN-sent-automatically"
disposition-type = "displayed" / "deleted" / "dispatched" / disposition-type = "displayed" / "deleted" / "dispatched" /
"processed" "processed"
disposition-modifier = "error" / disposition-modifier-extension disposition-modifier = "error" / disposition-modifier-extension
disposition-modifier-extension = atom disposition-modifier-extension = atom
error-field = "Error" ":" *([FWS] text) error-field = "Error" ":" *([FWS] text)
extension-field = extension-field-name ":" *([FWS] text) extension-field = extension-field-name ":" *([FWS] text)
extension-field-name = field-name extension-field-name = field-name
8. Guidelines for Gatewaying MDNs 8. Guidelines for Gatewaying MDNs
NOTE: This section provides non-binding recommendations for the NOTE: This section provides non-binding recommendations for the
construction of mail gateways that wish to provide semi-transparent construction of mail gateways that wish to provide semi-transparent
disposition notifications between the Internet and another electronic disposition notifications between the Internet and another electronic
mail system. Specific MDN gateway requirements for a particular pair mail system. Specific MDN gateway requirements for a particular pair
of mail systems may be defined by other documents. of mail systems may be defined by other documents.
8.1. Gatewaying from other mail systems to MDNs 8.1. Gatewaying from Other Mail Systems to MDNs
A mail gateway may issue an MDN to convey the contents of a "foreign" A mail gateway may issue an MDN to convey the contents of a "foreign"
disposition notification over Internet Mail. When there are disposition notification over Internet Mail. When there are
appropriate mappings from the foreign notification elements to MDN appropriate mappings from the foreign notification elements to MDN
fields, the information may be transmitted in those MDN fields. fields, the information may be transmitted in those MDN fields.
Additional information (such as might be needed to tunnel the foreign Additional information (such as what might be needed to tunnel the
notification through the Internet) may be defined in extension MDN foreign notification through the Internet) may be defined in
fields. (Such fields should be given names that identify the foreign extension MDN fields. (Such fields should be given names that
mail protocol, e.g., X400-* for X.400 protocol elements). identify the foreign mail protocol, e.g., X400-* for X.400 protocol
elements [X.400]).
The gateway must attempt to supply reasonable values for the The gateway must attempt to supply reasonable values for the
Reporting-UA, Final-Recipient, and Disposition fields. These will Reporting-UA, Final-Recipient, and Disposition fields. These will
normally be obtained by translating the values from the foreign normally be obtained by translating the values from the foreign
notification into their Internet-style equivalents. However, some notification into their Internet-style equivalents. However, some
loss of information is to be expected. loss of information is to be expected.
The sender-specified recipient address and the original message-id, The sender-specified recipient address and the original message-id,
if present in the foreign notification, should be preserved in the if present in the foreign notification, should be preserved in the
Original-Recipient and Original-Message-ID fields. Original-Recipient and Original-Message-ID fields.
The gateway should also attempt to preserve the "final" recipient The gateway should also attempt to preserve the "final" recipient
address from the foreign system. Whenever possible, foreign protocol address from the foreign system. Whenever possible, foreign protocol
elements should be encoded as meaningful printable ASCII strings. elements should be encoded as meaningful printable ASCII strings.
For MDNs produced from foreign disposition notifications, the name of For MDNs produced from foreign disposition notifications, the name of
the gateway MUST appear in the MDN-Gateway field of the MDN. the gateway MUST appear in the MDN-Gateway field of the MDN.
8.2. Gatewaying from MDNs to other mail systems 8.2. Gatewaying from MDNs to Other Mail Systems
It may be possible to gateway MDNs from the Internet into a foreign It may be possible to gateway MDNs from the Internet into a foreign
mail system. The primary purpose of such gatewaying is to convey mail system. The primary purpose of such gatewaying is to convey
disposition information in a form that is usable by the destination disposition information in a form that is usable by the destination
system. A secondary purpose is to allow "tunneling" of MDNs through system. A secondary purpose is to allow "tunneling" of MDNs through
foreign mail systems in case the MDN may be gatewayed back into the foreign mail systems in case the MDN may be gatewayed back into the
Internet. Internet.
In general, the recipient of the MDN (i.e., the sender of the In general, the recipient of the MDN (i.e., the sender of the
original message) will want to know, for each recipient: the closest original message) will want to know, for each recipient: the closest
available approximation to the original recipient address, and the available approximation to the original recipient address and the
disposition (displayed, printed, etc.). disposition (displayed, printed, etc.).
If possible, the gateway should attempt to preserve the Original- If possible, the gateway should attempt to preserve the Original-
Recipient address and Original-Message-ID (if present) in the Recipient address and Original-Message-ID (if present) in the
resulting foreign disposition report. resulting foreign disposition report.
If it is possible to tunnel an MDN through the destination If it is possible to tunnel an MDN through the destination
environment, the gateway specification may define a means of environment, the gateway specification may define a means of
preserving the MDN information in the disposition reports used by preserving the MDN information in the disposition reports used by
that environment. that environment.
8.3. Gatewaying of MDN-requests to other mail systems 8.3. Gatewaying of MDN-Requests to Other Mail Systems
By use of the separate disposition-notification-to request header By use of the separate disposition-notification-to request header
field, this specification offers a richer functionality than most, if field, this specification offers a richer functionality than most, if
not all, other email systems. In most other email systems, the not all, other email systems. In most other email systems, the
notification recipient is identical to the message sender as notification recipient is identical to the message sender as
indicated in the "from" address. There are two interesting cases indicated in the "from" address. There are two interesting cases
when gatewaying into such systems: when gatewaying into such systems:
1. If the address in the disposition-notification-to header field is 1. If the address in the disposition-notification-to header field is
identical to the address in the SMTP "MAIL FROM", the expected identical to the address in the SMTP "MAIL FROM", the expected
skipping to change at page 30, line 14 skipping to change at page 29, line 17
into a foreign system without a separate notification address into a foreign system without a separate notification address
will result in unintended behavior. This is especially important will result in unintended behavior. This is especially important
when the message arrives via a mailing list expansion software when the message arrives via a mailing list expansion software
that may specifically replace the SMTP "MAIL FROM" address with that may specifically replace the SMTP "MAIL FROM" address with
an alternate address. In such cases, the MDN request should not an alternate address. In such cases, the MDN request should not
be gatewayed and should be silently dropped. This is consistent be gatewayed and should be silently dropped. This is consistent
with other forms of non-support for MDN. with other forms of non-support for MDN.
9. Example 9. Example
NOTE: This example is provided as illustration only, and is not NOTE: This example is provided as illustration only and is not
considered part of the MDN protocol specification. If the example considered part of the MDN protocol specification. If the example
conflicts with the protocol definition above, the example is wrong. conflicts with the protocol definition above, the example is wrong.
Likewise, the use of *-type subfield names or extension fields in Likewise, the use of *-type subfield names or extension fields in
this example is not to be construed as a definition for those type this example is not to be construed as a definition for those type
names or extension fields. names or extension fields.
This is an MDN issued after a message has been displayed to the user This is an MDN issued after a message has been displayed to the user
of an Internet Mail user agent. of an Internet Mail user agent.
skipping to change at page 31, line 39 skipping to change at page 30, line 39
--RAA14128.773615765/example.com --RAA14128.773615765/example.com
content-type: message/rfc822 content-type: message/rfc822
[original message optionally goes here] [original message optionally goes here]
--RAA14128.773615765/example.com-- --RAA14128.773615765/example.com--
10. IANA Considerations 10. IANA Considerations
There are two actions for IANA: IANA has completed the following actions:
1. IANA is asked to update the registration template for the 1. IANA has updated the registration template for the message/
message/disposition-notification media type to the one in disposition-notification media type to match what appears in
Section 3.1 of this document, and to update the reference for Section 3.1 of this document and updated the reference for the
that media type to point to this document instead of to RFC 3798. media type to point to this document (instead of to RFC 3798).
2. The registries specified here already exist, and this section is 2. The registries specified here already exist; this section updates
updating their documentation. IANA is asked to change the their documentation. IANA has changed the reference document for
reference document for the three Message Disposition Notification the three Message Disposition Notification Parameters registries
Parameters registries to point to this document instead of to RFC to point to this document (instead of to RFC 3798).
3798.
This document specifies three types of parameters that must be This document specifies three types of parameters that must be
registered with the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA). All registered with the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA). All
of them use [RFC5226] "Specification required" IANA registration of them use the "Specification Required" IANA registration policy
policy. [RFC5226].
The forms below are for use when registering a new disposition- The forms below are for use when registering a new disposition-
notification-parameter name for the Disposition-Notification-Options notification-parameter name for the Disposition-Notification-Options
header field, a new disposition modifier name, or a new MDN extension header field, a new disposition modifier name, or a new MDN extension
field. Each piece of information required by a registration form may field. Each piece of information required by a registration form may
be satisfied either by providing the information on the form itself, be satisfied either by providing the information on the form itself
or by including a reference to a published, publicly available or by including a reference to a published and publicly available
specification that includes the necessary information. IANA MAY specification that includes the necessary information. IANA MAY
reject registrations because of incomplete registration forms or reject registrations because of incomplete registration forms or
incomplete specifications. incomplete specifications.
To register, complete the following applicable form and send it via To register, complete the following applicable form and send it via
electronic mail to <IANA@IANA.ORG>. electronic mail to <IANA@IANA.ORG>.
10.1. Disposition-Notification-Options header field disposition- 10.1. Disposition-Notification-Options Header Field
notification-parameter names Disposition-Notification-Parameter Names
A registration for a Disposition-Notification-Options header field A registration for a Disposition-Notification-Options header field
disposition-notification-parameter name MUST include the following disposition-notification-parameter name MUST include the following
information: information:
a. The proposed disposition-notification-parameter name. a. The proposed disposition-notification-parameter name.
b. The syntax for disposition-notification-parameter values, b. The syntax for disposition-notification-parameter values,
specified using BNF, ABNF, regular expressions, or other non- specified using BNF, ABNF, regular expressions, or other non-
ambiguous language. ambiguous language.
c. If disposition-notification-parameter values are not composed c. If disposition-notification-parameter values are not composed
entirely of graphic characters from the US-ASCII repertoire, a entirely of graphic characters from the US-ASCII repertoire, a
specification for how they are to be encoded as graphic US-ASCII specification for how they are to be encoded as graphic US-ASCII
characters in a Disposition-Notification-Options header field. characters in a Disposition-Notification-Options header field.
d. A reference to a permanent and readily available public d. A reference to a permanent and readily available public
specification that describes the semantics of the disposition- specification that describes the semantics of the disposition-
notification-parameter values. notification-parameter values.
10.2. Disposition modifier names 10.2. Disposition Modifier Names
A registration for a disposition-modifier name (used in the A registration for a disposition-modifier name (used in the
Disposition field of a message/disposition-notification) MUST include Disposition field of a message/disposition-notification) MUST include
the following information: the following information:
a. The proposed disposition-modifier name. a. The proposed disposition-modifier name.
b. A reference to a permanent and readily available public b. A reference to a permanent and readily available public
specification that describes the semantics of the disposition specification that describes the semantics of the disposition
modifier. modifier.
10.3. MDN extension field names 10.3. MDN Extension Field Names
A registration for an MDN extension-field name MUST include the A registration for an MDN extension-field name MUST include the
following information: following information:
a. The proposed extension field name. a. The proposed extension field name.
b. The syntax for extension values, specified using BNF, ABNF, b. The syntax for extension values, specified using BNF, ABNF,
regular expressions, or other non-ambiguous language. regular expressions, or other non-ambiguous language.
c. If extension-field values are not composed entirely of graphic c. If extension-field values are not composed entirely of graphic
characters from the US-ASCII repertoire, a specification for how characters from the US-ASCII repertoire, a specification for how
they are to be encoded as graphic US-ASCII characters in a they are to be encoded as graphic US-ASCII characters in a
Disposition-Notification-Options header field. Disposition-Notification-Options header field.
d. A reference to a permanent and readily available public d. A reference to a permanent and readily available public
specification that describes the semantics of the extension specification that describes the semantics of the extension
field. field.
11. Acknowledgements 11. References
The contributions of Bruce Lilly, Alfred Hoenes, Barry Leiba, Ben
Campbell, Pete Resnick, Donald Eastlake and Alissa Cooper are
gratefully acknowledged for this revision.
The contributions of Roger Fajman and Greg Vaudreuil to earlier
versions of this document are also gratefully acknowledged.
12. References
12.1. Normative References 11.1. Normative References
[RFC5321] Klensin, J., "Simple Mail Transfer Protocol", RFC 5321, [RFC5321] Klensin, J., "Simple Mail Transfer Protocol", RFC 5321,
DOI 10.17487/RFC5321, October 2008, DOI 10.17487/RFC5321, October 2008,
<http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5321>. <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5321>.
[RFC5322] Resnick, P., Ed., "Internet Message Format", RFC 5322, [RFC5322] Resnick, P., Ed., "Internet Message Format", RFC 5322,
DOI 10.17487/RFC5322, October 2008, DOI 10.17487/RFC5322, October 2008,
<http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5322>. <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5322>.
[RFC2045] Freed, N. and N. Borenstein, "Multipurpose Internet Mail [RFC2045] Freed, N. and N. Borenstein, "Multipurpose Internet Mail
skipping to change at page 35, line 10 skipping to change at page 33, line 35
[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate [RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119,
DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997, DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997,
<http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>. <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>.
[RFC3503] Melnikov, A., "Message Disposition Notification (MDN) [RFC3503] Melnikov, A., "Message Disposition Notification (MDN)
profile for Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP)", profile for Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP)",
RFC 3503, DOI 10.17487/RFC3503, March 2003, RFC 3503, DOI 10.17487/RFC3503, March 2003,
<http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3503>. <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3503>.
12.2. Informative References 11.2. Informative References
[RFC2634] Hoffman, P., Ed., "Enhanced Security Services for S/MIME", [RFC2634] Hoffman, P., Ed., "Enhanced Security Services for S/MIME",
RFC 2634, DOI 10.17487/RFC2634, June 1999, RFC 2634, DOI 10.17487/RFC2634, June 1999,
<http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2634>. <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2634>.
[RFC3249] Cancio, V., Moldovan, M., Tamura, H., and D. Wing, [RFC3249] Cancio, V., Moldovan, M., Tamura, H., and D. Wing,
"Implementers Guide for Facsimile Using Internet Mail", "Implementers Guide for Facsimile Using Internet Mail",
RFC 3249, DOI 10.17487/RFC3249, September 2002, RFC 3249, DOI 10.17487/RFC3249, September 2002,
<http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3249>. <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3249>.
skipping to change at page 36, line 5 skipping to change at page 34, line 33
[RFC5598] Crocker, D., "Internet Mail Architecture", RFC 5598, [RFC5598] Crocker, D., "Internet Mail Architecture", RFC 5598,
DOI 10.17487/RFC5598, July 2009, DOI 10.17487/RFC5598, July 2009,
<http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5598>. <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5598>.
[RFC6533] Hansen, T., Ed., Newman, C., and A. Melnikov, [RFC6533] Hansen, T., Ed., Newman, C., and A. Melnikov,
"Internationalized Delivery Status and Disposition "Internationalized Delivery Status and Disposition
Notifications", RFC 6533, DOI 10.17487/RFC6533, February Notifications", RFC 6533, DOI 10.17487/RFC6533, February
2012, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6533>. 2012, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6533>.
[X.400] International Telecommunications Union, "Message handling
system and service overview", ITU-T Recommendation
F.400/X.400, June 1999.
Appendix A. Changes from RFC 3798 Appendix A. Changes from RFC 3798
Changed IANA registration for different subregistries to Changed IANA registration for different subregistries to
"Specification Required" to match what is already used by IANA. "Specification Required" to match what is already used by IANA.
Updated IANA registration template for message/disposition- Updated IANA registration template for message/disposition-
notification. notification.
"X-" fields no longer reserved for experimental use and can now be "X-" fields no longer reserved for experimental use and can now be
registered in compliance with RFC 6648. registered in compliance with RFC 6648.
skipping to change at page 36, line 27 skipping to change at page 35, line 11
Strengthen requirements on obtaining user consent in order to protect Strengthen requirements on obtaining user consent in order to protect
user privacy. user privacy.
Removed discussion of using source routes with MDNs, as source route Removed discussion of using source routes with MDNs, as source route
is a deprecated Email feature. is a deprecated Email feature.
The values of "dispatched" and "processed" were lost from the ABNF The values of "dispatched" and "processed" were lost from the ABNF
for "disposition-type". (Erratum #691) for "disposition-type". (Erratum #691)
Because the warning disposition modifier was previously removed, Because the warning disposition modifier was previously removed, the
warning-field has also been removed. (Erratum #692) warning-field has also been removed. (Erratum #692)
Because the failed disposition type was previously removed, failure- Because the failed disposition type was previously removed, the
field has also been removed. failure-field has also been removed.
The ABNF for ua-name and ua-product included semi-colon, which could The ABNF for ua-name and ua-product included a semi-colon, which
not be distinguished from *text in the production. The ua-name was could not be distinguished from *text in the production. The ua-name
restricted to not include semi-colon. Semi-colon can still appear in was restricted to not include semi-colon. Semi-colon can still
the ua-product. appear in the ua-product.
Removed recommendation to include the MUA DNS host name in the Removed recommendation to include the MUA DNS host name in the
"Reporting-UA" MDN field. "Reporting-UA" MDN field.
The ABNF did not indicate all places that whitespace was allowable, The ABNF did not indicate all places that whitespace was allowable,
in particular folding whitespace, although all implementations allow in particular folding whitespace, although all implementations allow
whitespace and folding in the header fields just like any other whitespace and folding in the header fields just like any other
RFC5322 [RFC5322]-formatted header field. There were also a number header field formatted as described in RFC 5322 RFC5322 [RFC5322].
of places in the ABNF that inconsistently permitted comments and There were also a number of places in the ABNF that inconsistently
whitespace in one leg of the production and not another. The ABNF permitted comments and whitespace in one leg of the production and
now specifies FWS and CFWS in several places that should have already not another. The ABNF now specifies FWS and CFWS in several places
been specified by the grammar. that should have already been specified by the grammar.
Extension-field was defined in the collected grammar but not in the Extension-field was defined in the collected grammar but not in the
main text. main text.
The comparison of mailboxes in Disposition-Notification-To to the The comparison of mailboxes in Disposition-Notification-To to the
Return-Path addr-spec was clarified. Return-Path addr-spec was clarified.
The use of the grammar production "parameter" was confusing with the The use of the grammar production "parameter" was confusing with the
RFC2045 [RFC2045] production of the same name, as well as other uses RFC 2045 [RFC2045] production of the same name, as well as other uses
of the same term. These have been clarified. of the same term. These have been clarified.
A clarification was added on the extent of the 7bit nature of MDNs. A clarification was added on the extent of the 7bit nature of MDNs.
Uses of the terms "may" and "might" were clarified. Uses of the terms "may" and "might" were clarified.
A clarification was added on the order of the fields in the message/ A clarification was added on the order of the fields in the message/
disposition-notification content. disposition-notification content.
Acknowledgements
The contributions of Bruce Lilly, Alfred Hoenes, Barry Leiba, Ben
Campbell, Pete Resnick, Donald Eastlake, and Alissa Cooper are
gratefully acknowledged for this revision.
The contributions of Roger Fajman and Greg Vaudreuil to earlier draft
versions of this document are also gratefully acknowledged.
Authors' Addresses Authors' Addresses
Tony Hansen (editor) Tony Hansen (editor)
AT&T Laboratories AT&T Laboratories
200 Laurel Ave. South 200 Laurel Ave. South
Middletown, NJ 07748 Middletown, NJ 07748
USA United States of America
Email: tony@att.com Email: tony@att.com
Alexey Melnikov (editor) Alexey Melnikov (editor)
Isode Ltd Isode Ltd
14 Castle Mews 14 Castle Mews
Hampton, Middlesex TW12 2NP Hampton, Middlesex TW12 2NP
UK United Kingdom
Email: Alexey.Melnikov@isode.com Email: Alexey.Melnikov@isode.com
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