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<front> <front>
<title abbrev="Retiring the Tao of the IETF">Retiring the Tao of the IETF</t itle> <title abbrev="Retiring the Tao of the IETF">Retiring the Tao of the IETF</t itle>
<seriesInfo name="RFC" value="9592"/>
<author initials="N." surname="ten Oever" fullname="Niels ten Oever"> <author initials="N." surname="ten Oever" fullname="Niels ten Oever">
<organization>University of Amsterdam</organization> <organization>University of Amsterdam</organization>
<address> <address>
<email>mail@nielstenoever.net</email> <email>mail@nielstenoever.net</email>
</address> </address>
</author> </author>
<author initials="G." surname="Wood" fullname="Greg Wood"> <author initials="G." surname="Wood" fullname="Greg Wood">
<organization>IETF Administration LLC</organization> <organization>IETF Administration LLC</organization>
<address> <address>
<email>ghwood@staff.ietf.org</email> <email>ghwood@staff.ietf.org</email>
</address> </address>
</author> </author>
<date year="2024" month="June"/>
<date year="2024" month="February" day="26"/> <keyword>Tao</keyword>
<keyword>archive</keyword>
<area>IETF</area> <keyword>retired</keyword>
<workgroup>Tao-Discuss</workgroup> <keyword>inactive</keyword>
<keyword>Internet-Draft</keyword> <keyword>tutorial</keyword>
<abstract> <abstract>
<t>This document retires and obsoletes the Tao of the IETF as an IETF-main
<t>This document retires and obsoletes the Tao of the IETF as an IETF-maintained tained document. This document also obsoletes RFC 6722, which describes the publ
document. This document also obsoletes RFC 6722, which describes the publicatio ication process of the Tao. Furthermore, this document describes the rationale f
n process of the Tao. Furthermore, this document describes the rationale for the or the retirement of the Tao. For archival purposes, the last version of the Tao
retirement of the Tao. For archival purposes, the last version of the Tao is in is included in the appendix. Information that new participants need to engage i
cluded as an annex. Information that new participants need to engage in the work n the work of the IETF will continue to be provided through the IETF website in
of the IETF will continue to be provided through the IETF website in a more tim a more timely and accessible manner. This is the way.</t>
ely and accessible manner. This is the way.</t>
</abstract> </abstract>
</front> </front>
<middle> <middle>
<section anchor="introduction" numbered="true" toc="default">
<name>Introduction</name>
<t>Since its publication as <xref target="RFC1391" format="default"/> in
1993, The "Tao of the IETF" ("Tao") has described the inner workings of
IETF meetings and Working Groups, discussed organizations related to the
IETF, and introduced the working processes to new participants. The Tao
never was a formal IETF process document, but rather a
community-developed and maintained informational overview. After the Tao
was published as an RFC for 13 years, it was published as a webpage for
over a decade following the process described in <xref target="RFC6722"
format="default"/>. However, the Tao did not keep up with the changes in
the processes of the community and the organization, and thereby ceased
to be a reliable source of information. We gratefully want to
acknowledge all the individuals who contributed to the Tao over the
years. The changing nature of IETF participation, a better understanding
of how to most effectively convey information to new participants, and
experience with publishing the Tao as a webpage all suggest a new
approach to collecting, updating, and communicating the information that n
ew
participants need to engage in the work of the IETF successfully. This
document formally retires and obsoletes the "Tao of the IETF" as a
single standalone document.</t>
</section>
<section anchor="reasons-for-retirement" numbered="true" toc="default">
<name>Reasons for Retirement</name>
<t>In short, the breadth of topics covered in the Tao, the unpredictable
and different schedule for updates to the topics, and the high overhead
for revising and reviewing the content did not match the needs or
preferences of the intended audience of the Tao.</t>
<section anchor="infrequent-updates" numbered="true" toc="default">
<name>Infrequent Updates</name>
<t>The Tao was originally published as <xref target="RFC1391"
format="default"/> in January 1993. In the following 17 years, four
additional versions of the Tao were published as RFCs:</t>
<ul spacing="compact">
<li><xref target="RFC1539" format="default"/> in October 1993,</li>
<li><xref target="RFC1718" format="default"/> in November 1994,</li>
<li><xref target="RFC3160" format="default"/> in August 2001, and</li>
<li><xref target="RFC4677" format="default"/> in September 2006.</li>
</ul>
<t>In August 2012, <xref target="RFC6722" format="default"/> was
published to document the process for publishing the Tao as a webpage
so that it could "be updated more easily." However, in the subsequent
11 years, only four additional versions were published. The length of the
Tao meant that review and approval of the entire document took
considerable effort and time, leading to very infrequent updates.</t>
</section>
<section anchor="unwieldy-format" numbered="true" toc="default">
<name>Unwieldy Format</name>
<t>The large, consolidated document format of the Tao made for a heavy
investment by readers, in addition to the difficulty editors faced
keeping pace with the changes required to keep it current. For
example, the emergence of IETF Hackathon popularity with new
participants prompted an update. However, that content was effectively
buried in an already long document.</t>
</section>
<section anchor="changing-participation-modes" numbered="true" toc="defaul
t">
<name>Changing Participation Modes</name>
<t>The original Tao aimed to welcome new participants to IETF
meetings as attendance grew rapidly along with the growth of the
Internet in the 1990s. As other avenues for initial participation in
the IETF emerged over the ensuing decades, the main focus of the Tao
remained on in-person meeting participation. For example, remote
participation in IETF meetings has become a much more significant
aspect in the past few years.</t>
</section>
</section>
<section anchor="going-forward" numbered="true" toc="default">
<name>Going Forward</name>
<t>The content of the Tao has already been integrated into the website
of the IETF, which is the main channel of communication for IETF
newcomers and a general audience. The content is continuously kept up to
date with a variety of media to serve different audiences. The IETF
seeks to ensure that the website continues to address the needs of our
ever-evolving community and potential newcomers.</t>
<section anchor="new-communications-opportunities" numbered="true" toc="de
fault">
<name>New Communications Opportunities</name>
<t>The IETF and its community continuously seek to improve its
communication to newcomers and existing participants alike. Examples
of possible ways of doing this:</t>
<ul spacing="normal">
<li>More focused guides, e.g., on IETF Hackathon
participation, starting new work, etc.</li>
<li>Alternative formats, e.g., multiple shorter documents, on-demand
video, podcasts, etc.</li>
<li>New channels for communications, e.g., blog posts, improved
Datatracker, Slack, etc.</li>
</ul>
</section>
</section>
<section anchor="conclusion" numbered="true" toc="default">
<name>Conclusion</name>
<t>The coverage of a wide range of topics, the unpredictable and
different schedule for updates to the topics, and the high overhead for
revising and reviewing the content mean that the Tao required a lot of
effort to maintain, was commonly out-of-date, and thus did not serve
its intended purpose of informing the community and
newcomers. Therefore, this document is the end of the road for "Tao of
the IETF." The document is now retired. For archival reasons, the last
version of the Tao can be found in <xref target="annex-1-last-edition-of-t
he-tao" />.</t>
</section>
<section anchor="introduction" title="Introduction"> <section anchor="security-considerations" numbered="true" toc="default">
<name>Security Considerations</name>
<t>Since its publication as <xref target="RFC1391"/> in 1993, The “Tao of the IE <t>This document has no security considerations.</t>
TF” (“Tao”) has described the inner workings of IETF meetings and Working Groups </section>
, discussed organizations related to the IETF, and introduced the working proces <section anchor="iana-considerations" numbered="true" toc="default">
ses to new participants. The Tao never was a formal IETF process document, but r <name>IANA Considerations</name>
ather a community-developed and maintained informational overview. After the Tao <t>This document has no IANA actions.</t>
was published as an RFC for 13 years, it was published as a webpage for over a </section>
decade following the process described in <xref target="RFC6722"/>. However, the
Tao did not keep up with the changes in the processes of the community and the
organization, and thereby ceased to be a reliable source of information. We grat
efully want to acknowledge all the individuals who contributed to the Tao over t
he years. The changing nature of IETF participation, a better understanding of h
ow to most effectively convey information to new participants, and experience wi
th publishing the Tao as a webpage all suggest a new approach to collecting, upd
ating, and communicating the information new participants need to engage in the
work of the IETF successfully. This document formally retires and obsoletes the
“Tao of the IETF” as a single standalone document.</t>
</section>
<section anchor="reasons-for-retirement" title="Reasons for Retirement">
<t>In short, the breadth of topics covered in the Tao, the unpredictable and dif
ferent schedule for updates to the topics, and the high overhead for revising an
d reviewing the content did not match the needs or preferences of the intended a
udience of the Tao.</t>
<section anchor="infrequent-updates" title="Infrequent updates">
<t>The Tao was originally published as <xref target="RFC1391"/> in January 1993.
In the following 17 years, four additional versions of the Tao were published a
s RFCs: <xref target="RFC1539"/> in October 1993, <xref target="RFC1718"/> in No
vember 1994, <xref target="RFC3160"/> in August 2001, and <xref target="RFC4677"
/> in September 2006. In August 2012, <xref target="RFC6722"/> was published to
document the process for publishing the Tao as a webpage so that it “can be upda
ted more easily”. However, in the subsequent 11 years, only four additional vers
ions were published. The length of the Tao meant that review and approval of the
entire document took considerable effort and time, leading to very infrequent u
pdates.</t>
</section>
<section anchor="unwieldly-format" title="Unwieldly format">
<t>The large, consolidated document format of the Tao made for a heavy investmen
t by readers, in addition to the difficulty editors faced keeping pace with the
changes required to keep it current. For example, the emergence of IETF Hackatho
n popularity with new participants prompted an update. However, that content was
effectively buried in an already long document.</t>
</section>
<section anchor="changing-participation-modes" title="Changing participation mod
es">
<t>The original Tao aimed to welcome new participants to IETF meetings, as atten
dance grew rapidly along with the growth of the Internet in the 1990s. As other
avenues for initial participation in the IETF emerged over the ensuing decades,
the main focus of the Tao remained on in-person meeting participation. For examp
le, remote participation in IETF meetings has become a much more significant asp
ect in the past few years.</t>
</section>
</section>
<section anchor="going-forward" title="Going forward">
<t>The content of the Tao has already been integrated into the website of the IE
TF, which is the main channel of communication for IETF newcomers and a general
audience. The content is continuously kept up to date with a variety of media to
serve different audiences. The IETF seeks to ensure that the website continues
to address the needs of our ever-evolving community and potential newcomers.</t>
<section anchor="new-communications-opportunities" title="New communications opp
ortunities">
<t>The IETF and its community continuously seek to improve its communication to
newcomers and existing participants alike. Examples of possible ways of doing th
is:</t>
<t><list style="symbols">
<t>More focused guides, for example on IETF Hackathon participation, starting
new work, etc.</t>
<t>Alternative formats, e.g. multiple shorter documents, on-demand video, podc
asts, etc.</t>
<t>New channels for communications, e.g. blog posts, improved Datatracker, Sla
ck, etc.</t>
</list></t>
</section>
</section>
<section anchor="conclusion" title="Conclusion">
<t>The coverage of a wide range of topics, the unpredictable and different sched
ule for updates to the topics, and the high overhead for revising and reviewing
the content, means that the Tao required a lot of effort to maintain and was com
monly out-of-date, and thus did not serve its intended purpose of informing the
community and newcomers. Therefore, this document is the end of the road for “Ta
o of the IETF”, the document is now retired. For archival reasons, the last vers
ion of the Tao can be found in the annex below.</t>
</section>
<section anchor="acknowledgements" title="Acknowledgements">
<t>The next phase of work to welcome new participants to the IETF builds on and
gratefully acknowledges everyone who has contributed to the Tao, and other effor
ts to help newcomers to the IETF become engaged and productive participants.</t>
<t>We acknowledge all of the past “Tao of the IETF” editors:</t>
<t><list style="symbols">
<t>Gary Scott Malkin</t>
<t>Susan R. Harris</t>
<t>Paul Hoffman</t>
<t>Kathleen Moriarty</t>
<t>Niels ten Oever</t>
</list></t>
<t>We also acknowledge all the work of the translators that made the Tao accessi
ble to many different audiences.</t>
<t>Finally, we also want to acknowledge the work of countless contributors over
the years.</t>
</section>
<section anchor="annex-1-last-edition-of-the-tao" title="Annex 1: Last Edition o
f the Tao">
<t>For archival purposes, the last edition of the Tao as published under the pro
cess described in RFC6722, is included below. Note that links to the Tao and arc
hives below may not work in the future.</t>
<section anchor="abstract" title="Abstract">
<t>This document introduces you to the “ways of the IETF”: it will convey the mi
ght and magic of networking people and packets in the Internet’s most
prominent standards body. In this document we describe the inner workings of IET
F meetings and Working Groups, discuss organizations related to the IETF,
and introduce the standards process. This is not a formal IETF process document
but an informal and informational overview.</t>
</section> </middle>
<section anchor="introduction-1" title="1 Introduction"> <back>
<references>
<name>Informative References</name>
<xi:include href="https://bib.ietf.org/public/rfc/bibxml/reference.RFC.139
1.xml"/>
<xi:include href="https://bib.ietf.org/public/rfc/bibxml/reference.RFC.171
8.xml"/>
<xi:include href="https://bib.ietf.org/public/rfc/bibxml/reference.RFC.153
9.xml"/>
<xi:include href="https://bib.ietf.org/public/rfc/bibxml/reference.RFC.316
0.xml"/>
<xi:include href="https://bib.ietf.org/public/rfc/bibxml/reference.RFC.467
7.xml"/>
<xi:include href="https://bib.ietf.org/public/rfc/bibxml/reference.RFC.672
2.xml"/>
</references>
<t>The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) is the largest standard developmen <section anchor="annex-1-last-edition-of-the-tao" numbered="true" toc="defau
t lt">
organization (SDO) for the Internet. Since its early years, participation in <name>Last Edition of the Tao</name>
the IETF has grown phenomenally. In-person <t>For archival purposes, the last edition of the Tao as published under
attendance at face-to-face meetings <eref target="https://datatracker.ietf.org/s the process described in <xref target="RFC6722" format="default"/>, is
tats/meeting/overview/">now averages between 1000 and 1500 participants</eref>. included below. Note that several links to resources external to the
At any given meeting, around 200 attendees are <spanx style="emph">newcomers</sp Tao do not work at the time of publication of this RFC. Additionally,
anx> (defined by the IETF minor errors in the following text have been corrected.</t>
as someone who has attended five or fewer meetings), and many of those go on to
become regular participants. When the IETF was smaller, it was relatively
easy for a newcomer to adjust. Today, however, a newcomer meets many more new
people – some previously known only as the authors of documents or
thought-provoking email messages.</t>
<t>Of course, it’s true that many IETF participants don’t go to the face-to-face <section anchor="abstract1" numbered="false" toc="default">
meetings at all - especially since the COVID-19 pandemic when meetings were <name>Abstract</name>
<t>This document introduces you to the "ways of the IETF": it will
convey the might and magic of networking people and packets in the
Internet's most prominent standards body. In this document we describe
the inner workings of IETF meetings and Working Groups, discuss
organizations related to the IETF, and introduce the standards
process. This is not a formal IETF process document but an informal
and informational overview.</t>
</section>
<section anchor="introduction-1" numbered="false" toc="default">
<name>1 Introduction</name>
<t>The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) is the largest standard
development organization (SDO) for the Internet. Since its early
years, participation in the IETF has grown phenomenally. In-person
attendance at face-to-face meetings <eref
target="https://datatracker.ietf.org/stats/meeting/overview/">now
averages between 1000 and 1500 participants</eref>. At any given
meeting, around 200 attendees are <em>newcomers</em> (defined by the
IETF as someone who has attended five or fewer meetings), and many of
those go on to become regular participants. When the IETF was smaller,
it was relatively easy for a newcomer to adjust. Today, however, a
newcomer meets many more new people -- some previously known only as
the authors of documents or thought-provoking email messages.</t>
<t>Of course, it's true that many IETF participants don't go to the face
-to-face
meetings at all -- especially since the COVID-19 pandemic when meetings were
completely online for a while. There are also many participants who solely completely online for a while. There are also many participants who solely
focus on the mailing lists of various IETF Working Groups. Since the inner focus on the mailing lists of various IETF Working Groups. Since the inner
workings of Working Groups can be hard for newcomers to understand, this workings of Working Groups can be hard for newcomers to understand, this
document provides the mundane bits of information that newcomers will need in document provides the mundane bits of information that newcomers will need in
order to become active participants. The IETF website also has a lot of order to become active participants. The IETF website also has a lot of
<eref target="https://www.ietf.org/about/participate/get-started/">newcomer info rmation</eref> in various formats. <eref target="https://www.ietf.org/about/participate/get-started/">newcomer info rmation</eref> in various formats.
In this document we try to cover as much as possible in one place.</t> In this document we try to cover as much as possible in one place.</t>
<t>The IETF is always evolving. Although the principles in this documen
<t>The IETF is always evolving. Although the principles in this document are t are
expected to remain consistent over time, practical details may well expected to remain consistent over time, practical details may well
have changed by the time you read it; for example, a web-based tool may have have changed by the time you read it; for example, a web-based tool may have
replaced an email address for requesting some sort of action.</t> replaced an email address for requesting some sort of action.</t>
<t>Many types of IETF documentation are mentioned here. The IETF publis
<t>Many types of IETF documentation are mentioned here. The IETF publishes its hes its
technical documentation as RFCs, still known by their historical term technical documentation as RFCs, still known by their historical term
<spanx style="emph">Requests for Comments</spanx>. (Sometimes people joke that <em>Requests for Comments</em>. (Sometimes people joke that it stands for
it stands for <em>Request for Compliance</em>.) STDs are RFCs identified as "standards",
<spanx style="emph">Request for Compliance</spanx>.) STDs are RFCs identified as
“standards”,
and BCPs are RFCs that represent thoughts on Best Current Practices in the and BCPs are RFCs that represent thoughts on Best Current Practices in the
Internet. Both STDs and BCPs are also RFCs. For example, <eref target="https:// www.rfc-editor.org/info/bcp9">BCP 9</eref> points to a collection Internet. Both STDs and BCPs are also RFCs. For example, <eref target="https:// www.rfc-editor.org/info/bcp9">BCP 9</eref> points to a collection
of RFCs that describe the IETF’s standardization processes. of RFCs that describe the IETF's standardization processes.
See](#6)RFCs and Internet-Drafts for more details.</t> See <xref target="rfcs-and-internet-drafts" format="none">RFCs and Internet-Draf
ts</xref> for more details.</t>
<section anchor="acronyms-and-abbreviations-used-in-the-tao" title="1.1 Acronyms <section anchor="acronyms-and-abbreviations-used-in-the-tao" numbered="f
and Abbreviations Used in the Tao"> alse" toc="default">
<name>1.1 Acronyms and Abbreviations Used in the Tao</name>
<t>Some of the acronyms and abbreviations from this document are listed below.</ <t>Some of the acronyms and abbreviations from this document are liste
t> d below.</t>
<texttable>
<ttcol align='left'>Term</ttcol>
<ttcol align='left'>Meaning</ttcol>
<c>AD</c>
<c>Area Director</c>
<c>BCP</c>
<c>Best Current Practice (a type of RFC)</c>
<c>BOF</c>
<c>Birds of a Feather</c>
<c>IAB</c>
<c>Internet Architecture Board</c>
<c>IANA</c>
<c>Internet Assigned Numbers Authority</c>
<c>IASA</c>
<c>IETF Administrative Support Activity</c>
<c>ICANN</c>
<c>Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers</c>
<c>I-D</c>
<c>Internet-Draft</c>
<c>IESG</c>
<c>Internet Engineering Steering Group</c>
<c>IPR</c>
<c>Intellectual property rights</c>
<c>IRSG</c>
<c>Internet Research Steering Group</c>
<c>IRT</c>
<c>Internet Research Task Force</c>
<c>ISO</c>
<c>Internet Society</c>
<c>RF</c>
<c>Request for Comments</c>
<c>STD</c>
<c>Standard (a type of RFC)</c>
<c>WG</c>
<c>Working Group</c>
</texttable>
</section>
</section>
<section anchor="what-is-the-ietf" title="2 What is the IETF?">
<t>The IETF has no members and no dues; it is a loosely self-organized group of <table align="center">
people who contribute to the <thead>
<tr>
<th align="left">Term</th>
<th align="left">Meaning</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td align="left">AD</td>
<td align="left">Area Director</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">BCP</td>
<td align="left">Best Current Practice (a type of RFC)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">BOF</td>
<td align="left">Birds of a Feather</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">IAB</td>
<td align="left">Internet Architecture Board</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">IANA</td>
<td align="left">Internet Assigned Numbers Authority</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">IASA</td>
<td align="left">IETF Administrative Support Activity</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">ICANN</td>
<td align="left">Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Num
bers</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">I-D</td>
<td align="left">Internet-Draft</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">IESG</td>
<td align="left">Internet Engineering Steering Group</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">IPR</td>
<td align="left">Intellectual property rights</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">IRSG</td>
<td align="left">Internet Research Steering Group</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">IRTF</td>
<td align="left">Internet Research Task Force</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">ISOC</td>
<td align="left">Internet Society</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">RFC</td>
<td align="left">Request for Comments</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">STD</td>
<td align="left">Standard (a type of RFC)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">WG</td>
<td align="left">Working Group</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</section>
</section>
<section anchor="what-is-the-ietf" numbered="false" toc="default">
<name>2 What is the IETF?</name>
<t>The IETF has no members and no dues; it is a loosely self-organized g
roup of people who contribute to the
engineering and evolution of Internet technologies. It is the principal body engineering and evolution of Internet technologies. It is the principal body
engaged in the development of new Internet standard specifications. The IETF engaged in the development of new Internet standard specifications. The IETF
is unusual in that it exists as a collection of meetings (both in-person is unusual in that it exists as a collection of meetings (both in-person
and virtual) and online activities (such as email and pull request discussions), and virtual) and online activities (such as email and pull request discussions),
in which individuals voluntarily participate.</t> in which individuals voluntarily participate.</t>
<t>The IETF welcomes all interested individuals: IETF participants come
<t>The IETF welcomes all interested individuals: IETF participants come from all from all
over the world and from many different parts of the Internet industry. The over the world and from many different parts of the Internet industry. The
IETF conducts its work solely in English. IETF conducts its work solely in English.
See](#3-12)Where do I fit in? See <xref target="where-do-i-fit-in" format="none">Where do I fit in?</xref>
for information about the ways that many people for information about the ways that many people
fit into the IETF.</t> fit into the IETF.</t>
<t>Quoting from <eref target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3935">R
<t>Quoting from <eref target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3935">RFC 3935: FC 3935: A Mission Statement for the IETF</eref>:
A Mission Statement for the IETF</eref>: "the overall goal of the IETF is to make the Internet work better.
“the overall goal of the IETF is to make the Internet work better.
Its mission is to produce high quality, relevant Its mission is to produce high quality, relevant
technical and engineering documents that influence the way people technical and engineering documents that influence the way people
design, use, and manage the Internet in such a way as to make the design, use, and manage the Internet in such a way as to make the
Internet work better. These documents include protocol standards, Internet work better. These documents include protocol standards,
best current practices, and informational documents of various kinds.”</t> best current practices, and informational documents of various kinds."</t>
<t>The ways to do that include the following:</t>
<t>The ways to do that include the following:</t> <ul spacing="normal">
<li>
<t><list style="symbols"> <t>Identifying and proposing solutions to pressing operational and
<t>Identifying and proposing solutions to pressing operational and
technical problems in the Internet.</t> technical problems in the Internet.</t>
<t>Specifying the development or usage of protocols and the near-term </li>
<li>
<t>Specifying the development or usage of protocols and the near-ter
m
architecture to solve such technical problems for the Internet.</t> architecture to solve such technical problems for the Internet.</t>
<t>Making recommendations to the Internet Engineering Steering Group </li>
<li>
<t>Making recommendations to the Internet Engineering Steering Group
(IESG) regarding the standardization of protocols and protocol usage (IESG) regarding the standardization of protocols and protocol usage
in the Internet.</t> in the Internet.</t>
<t>Facilitating technology transfer from the Internet Research Task </li>
<li>
<t>Facilitating technology transfer from the Internet Research Task
Force (IRTF) to the wider Internet community.</t> Force (IRTF) to the wider Internet community.</t>
<t>Providing a forum for the exchange of information within the Internet </li>
<li>
<t>Providing a forum for the exchange of information within the Inte
rnet
community among vendors, users, researchers, agency contractors, community among vendors, users, researchers, agency contractors,
operators, and network managers.</t> operators, and network managers.</t>
</list></t> </li>
</ul>
<t>RFC 3935 further states that the Internet isn’t value-neutral, and <t>RFC 3935 further states that the Internet isn't value-neutral, and
neither is the IETF. The IETF wants the Internet to be useful for neither is the IETF. The IETF wants the Internet to be useful for
communities that share our commitment to openness and fairness. The IETF communities that share our commitment to openness and fairness. The IETF
embraces technical concepts such as decentralized control, edge-user embraces technical concepts such as decentralized control, edge-user
empowerment and sharing of resources, because those concepts resonate with empowerment and sharing of resources, because those concepts resonate with
the core values of the IETF community. These concepts have little to do with the core values of the IETF community. These concepts have little to do with
the technology that’s possible, and much to do with the technology that the the technology that's possible, and much to do with the technology that the
IETF chooses to create.</t> IETF chooses to create.</t>
<t>In many ways, the IETF runs on the beliefs of its participants. One o
<t>In many ways, the IETF runs on the beliefs of its participants. One of the f the
founding beliefs is embodied in an early quote about the IETF from David founding beliefs is embodied in an early quote about the IETF from David
Clark: “We reject kings, presidents and voting. We believe in rough consensus Clark: "We reject kings, presidents and voting. We believe in rough consensus
and running code.” Another early quote that has become a commonly-held belief and running code." Another early quote that has become a commonly-held belief
in the IETF comes from Jon Postel: “Be conservative in what you send and in the IETF comes from Jon Postel: "Be conservative in what you send and
liberal in what you accept.”</t> liberal in what you accept."</t>
<t>There is no membership in the IETF. Anyone may sign up to working gro
<t>There is no membership in the IETF. Anyone may sign up to working group up
mailing lists, or register for a meeting and then attend. The closest thing mailing lists, or register for a meeting and then attend. The closest thing
there is to being an IETF member is being a participant on the IETF or there is to being an IETF member is being a participant on the IETF or
Working Group](#2-3)mailing lists. This is where the best Working Group <xref target="ietf-mailing-lists" format="none">mailing lists</xre f>. This is where the best
information about current IETF activities and focus can be found.</t> information about current IETF activities and focus can be found.</t>
<t>Of course, no organization can be as successful as the IETF is withou
<t>Of course, no organization can be as successful as the IETF is without having t having
some sort of structure. In the IETF’s case, that structure is provided by some sort of structure. In the IETF's case, that structure is provided by
other supporting organizations, as described in other supporting organizations, as described in
<eref target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2028">RFC 2028: The Organizatio ns <eref target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2028">RFC 2028: The Organizatio ns
Involved in the IETF Standards Process</eref>. Involved in the IETF Standards Process</eref>.
Please note that RFC 2028 is outdated and being revised.</t> Please note that RFC 2028 is outdated and being revised.</t>
<t>The <eref target="https://www.ietf.org">IETF web site</eref> is the b
<t>The <eref target="https://www.ietf.org">IETF web site</eref> is the best sour est source for
ce for
information about upcoming IETF meetings and newcomer materials. The IETF information about upcoming IETF meetings and newcomer materials. The IETF
<eref target="https://datatracker.ietf.org/">Datatracker</eref> is the best sour ce for <eref target="https://datatracker.ietf.org/">Datatracker</eref> is the best sour ce for
information about Internet-Drafts, RFCs, and Working Groups.</t> information about Internet-Drafts, RFCs, and Working Groups.</t>
<t>One more thing that is important for newcomers: the IETF in no way "r
<t>One more thing that is important for newcomers: the IETF in no way “runs the uns the
Internet,” despite what some people mistakenly might say. The IETF makes Internet," despite what some people mistakenly might say. The IETF makes
voluntary standards that are often adopted by Internet users, network voluntary standards that are often adopted by Internet users, network
operators, and equipment vendors, and it thus helps shape the trajectory of operators, and equipment vendors, and it thus helps shape the trajectory of
the development of the Internet. But in no way does the IETF control, or even the development of the Internet. But in no way does the IETF control, or even
patrol, the Internet. If your interest in the IETF is because you want to be patrol, the Internet. If your interest in the IETF is because you want to be
part of the overseers, you may be badly disappointed by the IETF. part of the overseers, you may be badly disappointed by the IETF.
A saying you will sometimes hear is, “we are not the protocol police.”</t> A saying you will sometimes hear is, "we are not the protocol police."</t>
<section anchor="humble-beginnings" numbered="false" toc="default">
<section anchor="humble-beginnings" title="2.1 Humble Beginnings"> <name>2.1 Humble Beginnings</name>
<t>The first IETF meeting was held in January 1986 at Linkabit in San
<t>The first IETF meeting was held in January 1986 at Linkabit in San Diego, Diego,
with 21 attendees. The 4th IETF, held at SRI in Menlo Park in October 1986, with 21 attendees. The 4th IETF, held at SRI in Menlo Park in October 1986,
was the first that equipment vendors attended. The concept of Working Groups was the first that equipment vendors attended. The concept of Working Groups
was introduced at the 5th IETF meeting at the NASA Ames Research Center in was introduced at the 5th IETF meeting at the NASA Ames Research Center in
California in February 1987. The 7th IETF, held at MITRE in McLean, Virginia, California in February 1987. The 7th IETF, held at MITRE in McLean, Virginia,
in July 1987, was the first meeting with more than 100 attendees.</t> in July 1987, was the first meeting with more than 100 attendees.</t>
<t>After the <eref target="https://www.internetsociety.org">Internet S
<t>After the <eref target="https://www.internetsociety.org">Internet Society</er ociety</eref> (ISOC) was formed in January 1992, the IAB
ef> (ISOC) was formed in January 1992, the IAB proposed to ISOC that the IAB's activities should take place under the
proposed to ISOC that the IAB’s activities should take place under the
auspices of the Internet Society. During INET92 in Kobe, Japan, the ISOC auspices of the Internet Society. During INET92 in Kobe, Japan, the ISOC
Trustees approved a new charter for the IAB to reflect the proposed Trustees approved a new charter for the IAB to reflect the proposed
relationship.</t> relationship.</t>
<t>The IETF met in Amsterdam, The Netherlands, in July 1993. This was
<t>The IETF met in Amsterdam, The Netherlands, in July 1993. This was the first the first
IETF meeting held in Europe, and the US/non-US attendee split was nearly IETF meeting held in Europe, and the US/non-US attendee split was nearly
50/50. The IETF first met in Oceania (in Adelaide, Australia) in 2000, the 50/50. The IETF first met in Oceania (in Adelaide, Australia) in 2000, the
first meeting in Asia (in Yokohama, Japan) was in 2002, and the first meeting first meeting in Asia (in Yokohama, Japan) was in 2002, and the first meeting
in Latin America (in Buenos Aires, Argentina) was in 2016. So far, the IETF in Latin America (in Buenos Aires, Argentina) was in 2016. So far, the IETF
has never met in Africa.</t> has never met in Africa.</t>
<t>The IETF currently has a "1-1-1" meeting policy where the goal is t
<t>The IETF currently has a “1-1-1” meeting policy where the goal is to o
distribute the meetings equally between North America, Europe, and Asia. distribute the meetings equally between North America, Europe, and Asia.
This policy is mainly aimed at distributing the travel effort for the This policy is mainly aimed at distributing the travel effort for the
existing IETF participants who physically attend meetings and for existing IETF participants who physically attend meetings and for
distributing the timezone difficulty for those who participate remotely. The distributing the timezone difficulty for those who participate remotely. The
IETF has also met in Latin America and Oceania, but these continents are IETF has also met in Latin America and Oceania, but these continents are
currently not part of the 1-1-1 rotation schedule. currently not part of the 1-1-1 rotation schedule.
More information on picking the venue and the meeting policy can be found More information on picking the venue and the meeting policy can be found
in <eref target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8718">RFC 8718: IETF Plenary Meeting Venue Selection Process</eref> in <eref target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8718">RFC 8718: IETF Plenary Meeting Venue Selection Process</eref>
and <eref target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8719">RFC 8719: High-Level Guidance for the Meeting Policy of the IETF</eref>.</t> and <eref target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8719">RFC 8719: High-Level Guidance for the Meeting Policy of the IETF</eref>.</t>
<t>Remote participation in IETF meetings has been growing significantl
<t>Remote participation in IETF meetings has been growing significantly in the y in the
past few years, thanks in part to the ongoing effort to improve the tools and past few years, thanks in part to the ongoing effort to improve the tools and
processes used to facilitate this mode of participation.</t> processes used to facilitate this mode of participation.</t>
</section>
</section> <section anchor="the-hierarchy" numbered="false" toc="default">
<section anchor="the-hierarchy" title="2.2 The Hierarchy"> <name>2.2 The Hierarchy</name>
<section anchor="the-internet-society-isoc-and-the-ietf-administration
<section anchor="the-internet-society-isoc-and-the-ietf-administration-llc-ietf- -llc-ietf-llc" numbered="false" toc="default">
llc" title="2.2.1 The Internet Society (ISOC) and the IETF Administration LLC (I <name>2.2.1 The Internet Society (ISOC) and the IETF Administration
ETF LLC)"> LLC (IETF LLC)</name>
<t>The Internet Society (ISOC) is an international, non-profit, memb
<t>The Internet Society (ISOC) is an international, non-profit, membership ership
organization that supports and promotes the development of the Internet as a organization that supports and promotes the development of the Internet as a
global technical infrastructure. The mission of ISOC is “to promote the open global technical infrastructure. The mission of ISOC is "to promote the open
development, evolution, and use of the Internet for the benefit of all people development, evolution, and use of the Internet for the benefit of all people
throughout the world.” One of the ways that ISOC does this is through financial throughout the world." One of the ways that ISOC does this is through financial
support of the IETF.</t> support of the IETF.</t>
<t>The <eref target="https://www.ietf.org/about/administration/">IET
<t>The <eref target="https://www.ietf.org/about/administration/">IETF Administra F Administration LLC</eref> (IETF LLC)
tion LLC</eref> (IETF LLC) is a "disregarded entity" of ISOC, which means it is treated as
is a “disregarded entity” of ISOC, which means it is treated as
a branch or division for tax purposes. The IETF LLC has no role in the a branch or division for tax purposes. The IETF LLC has no role in the
oversight or steering of the standards process, the appeal chain, the oversight or steering of the standards process, the appeal chain, the
confirming bodies for existing IETF and IAB appointments, the IRTF, or ISOC’s confirming bodies for existing IETF and IAB appointments, the IRTF, or ISOC's
memberships in other organizations. Rather, the IETF LLC, as overseen by its memberships in other organizations. Rather, the IETF LLC, as overseen by its
Board of Directors, is responsible for staffing and contracts with places Board of Directors, is responsible for staffing and contracts with places
like hotels to host IETF meetings. Most of the day-to-day activities like hotels to host IETF meetings. Most of the day-to-day activities
are delegated to the IETF Executive Director.</t> are delegated to the IETF Executive Director.</t>
<t>Responsibilities of the IETF LLC include:</t>
<t>Responsibilities of the IETF LLC include:</t> <ul spacing="normal">
<li>
<t><list style="symbols"> <t>Supporting the ongoing operations of the IETF, including meet
<t>Supporting the ongoing operations of the IETF, including meetings and ings and
non-meeting activities.</t> non-meeting activities.</t>
<t>Managing the IETF’s finances and budget.</t> </li>
<t>Raising money on behalf of the IETF.</t> <li>
<t>Establishing and enforcing policies to ensure compliance with applicable <t>Managing the IETF's finances and budget.</t>
</li>
<li>
<t>Raising money on behalf of the IETF.</t>
</li>
<li>
<t>Establishing and enforcing policies to ensure compliance with
applicable
laws, regulations, and rules.</t> laws, regulations, and rules.</t>
</list></t> </li>
</ul>
<t>The IETF and ISOC continue to be strongly aligned on key principles. ISOC <t>The IETF and ISOC continue to be strongly aligned on key principl
es. ISOC
initiatives related to the IETF continue to support participation in, and initiatives related to the IETF continue to support participation in, and
deployment of, the standards created by the IETF.</t> deployment of, the standards created by the IETF.</t>
</section>
</section> <section anchor="internet-engineering-steering-group-iesg" numbered="f
<section anchor="internet-engineering-steering-group-iesg" title="2.2.2 Internet alse" toc="default">
Engineering Steering Group (IESG)"> <name>2.2.2 Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG)</name>
<t>The IESG is responsible for technical management of IETF activiti
<t>The IESG is responsible for technical management of IETF activities and the es and the
Internet standards process. However, the IESG doesn’t exercise much direct Internet standards process. However, the IESG doesn't exercise much direct
leadership, such as the kind you will find in many other standards leadership, such as the kind you will find in many other standards
organizations. As its name suggests, its role is to set directions rather organizations. As its name suggests, its role is to set directions rather
than to give orders. The IESG gets WGs started and finished, ratifies or than to give orders. The IESG gets WGs started and finished, ratifies or
steers the output from the IETF’s Working Groups (WGs), and makes sure that steers the output from the IETF's Working Groups (WGs), and makes sure that
non-WG I-Ds that are about to become RFCs are correct.</t> non-WG I-Ds that are about to become RFCs are correct.</t>
<t>Check the <eref target="https://www.ietf.org/about/groups/iesg">I
<t>Check the <eref target="https://www.ietf.org/about/groups/iesg">IESG web page ESG web pages</eref> to find
s</eref> to find
up-to-date information about IESG statements, I-Ds processed, RFCs published, up-to-date information about IESG statements, I-Ds processed, RFCs published,
and documents in Last Call, as well as the monthly IETF status reports.</t> and documents in Last Call, as well as the monthly IETF status reports.</t>
<t>The IESG consists of the Area Directors (ADs), who are selected b
<t>The IESG consists of the Area Directors (ADs), who are selected by the y the
Nominations Committee (NomCom) and are appointed for two years. The process Nominations Committee (NomCom) and are appointed for two years. The process
for choosing the members of the IESG is detailed in <eref target="https://www.rf c-editor.org/info/bcp10">BCP 10</eref>.</t> for choosing the members of the IESG is detailed in <eref target="https://www.rf c-editor.org/info/bcp10">BCP 10</eref>.</t>
<t>The current Areas and abbreviations are shown below, and <eref ta
<t>The current Areas and abbreviations are shown below, and <eref target="https: rget="https://www.ietf.org/topics/areas/">more details</eref> are on
//www.ietf.org/topics/areas/">more details</eref> are on
the IETF web site.</t> the IETF web site.</t>
<table align="center">
<texttable> <thead>
<ttcol align='left'>Area</ttcol> <tr>
<ttcol align='left'>Description</ttcol> <th align="left">Area</th>
<c>Applications and Real-Time Area (art)</c> <th align="left">Description</th>
<c>Protocols seen by user programs, such as email and the web and delay-se </tr>
nsitive interpersonal communications</c> </thead>
<c>General (gen)</c> <tbody>
<c>IETF process, and catch-all for WGs that don’t fit in other Areas (whic <tr>
h is very few)</c> <td align="left">Applications and Real-Time Area (art)</td>
<c>Internet (int)</c> <td align="left">Protocols seen by user programs, such as emai
<c>Different ways of moving IP packets and DNS information</c> l and the web and delay-sensitive interpersonal communications</td>
<c>Operations and Management (ops)</c> </tr>
<c>Network management, AAA, and various operational issues facing the Inte <tr>
rnet</c> <td align="left">General (gen)</td>
<c>Routing (rtg)</c> <td align="left">IETF process, and catch-all for WGs that don'
<c>Getting packets to their destinations</c> t fit in other Areas (which is very few)</td>
<c>Security (sec)</c> </tr>
<c>Privacy, integrity, authentication, non-repudiation, confidentiality, a <tr>
nd access control</c> <td align="left">Internet (int)</td>
<c>Transport (tsv)</c> <td align="left">Different ways of moving IP packets and DNS i
<c>Transport for large volumes of traffic at potentially high bandwidths</ nformation</td>
c> </tr>
</texttable> <tr>
<td align="left">Operations and Management (ops)</td>
<t>Because the IESG reviews all Internet-Drafts before they become RFCs, ADs <td align="left">Network management, AAA, and various operatio
nal issues facing the Internet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">Routing (rtg)</td>
<td align="left">Getting packets to their destinations</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">Security (sec)</td>
<td align="left">Privacy, integrity, authentication, non-repud
iation, confidentiality, and access control</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">Transport (tsv)</td>
<td align="left">Transport for large volumes of traffic at pot
entially high bandwidths</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<t>Because the IESG reviews all Internet-Drafts before they become R
FCs, ADs
have quite a bit of influence. The ADs for a particular Area are expected to have quite a bit of influence. The ADs for a particular Area are expected to
know more about the combined work of the WGs in that Area than anyone else. know more about the combined work of the WGs in that Area than anyone else.
This is because the ADs actively follow the working groups for which they are This is because the ADs actively follow the working groups for which they are
responsible and assist working groups and chairs with charter and milestone responsible and assist working groups and chairs with charter and milestone
reviews. Some people, therefore, shy away from directly engaging with Area reviews. Some people, therefore, shy away from directly engaging with Area
Directors. Don’t - they can be an important resource and help you find Directors. Don't -- they can be an important resource and help you find
the person or the answer that you’re looking for. They are, however, often the person or the answer that you're looking for. They are, however, often
very busy during meetings, and so an email to schedule a meeting can be very busy during meetings, and so an email to schedule a meeting can be
useful, or just ask your questions.</t> useful, or just ask your questions.</t>
<t>The entire IESG reviews each Internet-Draft (I-D or "draft") that
<t>The entire IESG reviews each Internet-Draft (I-D or “draft”) that is proposed is proposed to become an RFC
to become an RFC
and should be aware of general trends that can be gleaned from the collective and should be aware of general trends that can be gleaned from the collective
work products of the IETF. For IETF produced RFCs, as part of the document revie ws, ADs place ballots work products of the IETF. For IETF produced RFCs, as part of the document revie ws, ADs place ballots
that may contain comments on documents. The AD enters a position that may be that may contain comments on documents. The AD enters a position that may be
<spanx style="emph">YES</spanx>, <spanx style="emph">NO OBJECTION</spanx>, <span <em>YES</em>, <em>NO OBJECTION</em>, <em>DISCUSS</em>, <em>ABSTAIN</em>, or <em>
x style="emph">DISCUSS</spanx>, <spanx style="emph">ABSTAIN</spanx>, or <spanx s RECUSE</em> as the result of
tyle="emph">RECUSE</spanx> as the result of their review. Any AD may record a <em>DISCUSS</em> ballot position against a dr
their review. Any AD may record a <spanx style="emph">DISCUSS</spanx> ballot po aft
sition against a draft
if they have serious concerns and would like to discuss these concerns. if they have serious concerns and would like to discuss these concerns.
It is common for documents to be approved with one or two <spanx style="emph">YE It is common for documents to be approved with one or two <em>YES</em>
S</spanx> ballots, and the majority of the remaining IESG balloting <em>NO OBJECTION</em>.
ballots, and the majority of the remaining IESG balloting <spanx style="emph">NO An
OBJECTION</spanx>. An
<eref target="https://www.ietf.org/blog/handling-iesg-ballot-positions/">IETF bl og post</eref> <eref target="https://www.ietf.org/blog/handling-iesg-ballot-positions/">IETF bl og post</eref>
provides advice on how draft authors could handle the various ballot provides advice on how draft authors could handle the various ballot
positions.</t> positions.</t>
<t>Another important job of the IESG is to watch over the output of
<t>Another important job of the IESG is to watch over the output of all the WGs all the WGs
to help prevent IETF protocols that are at odds with each other. This is why to help prevent IETF protocols that are at odds with each other. This is why
ADs are supposed to review the I-Ds coming out of Areas other than their ADs are supposed to review the I-Ds coming out of Areas other than their
own, and each Area has a <spanx style="emph">directorate</spanx>, a set of exper ienced volunteers who own, and each Area has a <em>directorate</em>, a set of experienced volunteers w ho
review I-Ds with a focus on potential issues for their area.</t> review I-Ds with a focus on potential issues for their area.</t>
<t>The quality of the IETF standards comes both from the review they
<t>The quality of the IETF standards comes both from the review they get in the get in the
Working Groups and the scrutiny that the WG review gets from the ADs.</t> Working Groups and the scrutiny that the WG review gets from the ADs.</t>
</section>
</section> <section anchor="internet-architecture-board-iab" numbered="false" toc
<section anchor="internet-architecture-board-iab" title="2.2.3 Internet Architec ="default">
ture Board (IAB)"> <name>2.2.3 Internet Architecture Board (IAB)</name>
<t>The <eref target="https://www.iab.org">IAB</eref> is responsible
<t>The <eref target="https://www.iab.org">IAB</eref> is responsible for keeping for keeping an eye on the "big picture" of the
an eye on the “big picture” of the
Internet, and it focuses on long-range planning and coordination among the Internet, and it focuses on long-range planning and coordination among the
various areas of IETF activity. The IAB stays informed about important various areas of IETF activity. The IAB stays informed about important
long-term issues in the Internet, and it brings these topics to the attention long-term issues in the Internet, and it brings these topics to the attention
of people it thinks should know about them.</t> of people it thinks should know about them.</t>
<t>IAB members pay special attention to emerging activities in the I
<t>IAB members pay special attention to emerging activities in the IETF. When a ETF. When a
new IETF Working Group is proposed, the IAB reviews its charter for new IETF Working Group is proposed, the IAB reviews its charter for
architectural consistency and integrity. Even before the group is chartered, architectural consistency and integrity. Even before the group is chartered,
the IAB members are more than willing to discuss new ideas with the people the IAB members are more than willing to discuss new ideas with the people
proposing them.</t> proposing them.</t>
<t>The IAB also sponsors and organizes the <eref target="https://www
<t>The IAB also sponsors and organizes the <eref target="https://www.irtf.org">I .irtf.org">Internet Research Task Force</eref> (IRTF) and
nternet Research Task Force</eref> (IRTF) and
convenes invitational workshops that provide in-depth reviews of specific convenes invitational workshops that provide in-depth reviews of specific
Internet architectural issues. Typically, the workshop reports make Internet architectural issues. Typically, the workshop reports make
recommendations to the IETF community and to the IESG. The IAB keeps the recommendations to the IETF community and to the IESG. The IAB keeps the
community informed through blog posts and by publishing RFCs.</t> community informed through blog posts and by publishing RFCs.</t>
<t>The IAB also:</t>
<t>The IAB also:</t> <ul spacing="normal">
<li>
<t><list style="symbols"> <t>Approves NomCom's IESG nominations</t>
<t>Approves NomCom’s IESG nominations</t> </li>
<t>Acts as the appeals board for appeals against IESG actions</t> <li>
<t>Oversees the RFC series policy and procedures</t> <t>Acts as the appeals board for appeals against IESG actions</t
<t>Acts as an advisory body to ISOC</t> >
<t>Oversees IETF liaisons with other standards bodies</t> </li>
</list></t> <li>
<t>Oversees the RFC series policy and procedures</t>
<t>Like the IESG, the IAB members are selected for two-year positions by the </li>
<li>
<t>Acts as an advisory body to ISOC</t>
</li>
<li>
<t>Oversees IETF liaisons with other standards bodies</t>
</li>
</ul>
<t>Like the IESG, the IAB members are selected for two-year position
s by the
NomCom and are approved by the ISOC Board of Trustees.</t> NomCom and are approved by the ISOC Board of Trustees.</t>
</section>
</section> <section anchor="internet-assigned-numbers-authority-iana" numbered="f
<section anchor="internet-assigned-numbers-authority-iana" title="2.2.4 Internet alse" toc="default">
Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA)"> <name>2.2.4 Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA)</name>
<t>The core registrar for the IETF's activities is the <eref target=
<t>The core registrar for the IETF’s activities is the <eref target="https://www "https://www.iana.org">IANA</eref>. Many Internet protocols require that someone
.iana.org">IANA</eref>. Many Internet protocols require that someone keep track keep track of protocol items that were added after the protocol came
of protocol items that were added after the protocol came
out. Typical examples of the kinds of registries needed are for TCP port out. Typical examples of the kinds of registries needed are for TCP port
numbers and MIME types. IANA’s work on behalf of the IETF is overseen by the IAB numbers and MIME types. IANA's work on behalf of the IETF is overseen by the IAB
. There is a . There is a
<eref target="https://www.iab.org/activities/programs/ietf-iana-group/">joint gr <eref target="https://datatracker.ietf.org/group/ietfiana/about/">joint group</e
oup</eref> that advises IANA. IANA is funded by <eref target="https://www.icann. ref> that advises IANA. IANA is funded by <eref target="https://www.icann.org">I
org">ICANN</eref>.</t> CANN</eref>.</t>
<t>Even though being a registry may not sound interesting, many IETF
<t>Even though being a registry may not sound interesting, many IETF
participants will testify to how important IANA has been for the Internet. participants will testify to how important IANA has been for the Internet.
Having a stable, long-term repository run by careful and conservative Having a stable, long-term repository run by careful and conservative
operators makes it much easier for people to experiment without worrying operators makes it much easier for people to experiment without worrying
about messing things up.</t> about messing things up.</t>
</section>
</section> <section anchor="rfc-editor-and-rfc-production-center-rpc" numbered="f
<section anchor="rfc-editor-and-rfc-production-center-rpc" title="2.2.5 RFC Edit alse" toc="default">
or and RFC Production Center (RPC)"> <name>2.2.5 RFC Editor and RFC Production Center (RPC)</name>
<t>The RPC edits, formats, and publishes RFC's. This used to be done
<t>The RPC edits, formats, and publishes RFC’s. This used to be done by one by one
person, which is why you will still see the term <spanx style="emph">RFC Editor< person, which is why you will still see the term <em>RFC Editor</em>; IETFers ar
/spanx>; IETFers are e
fond of their history. Also, if you are a document author, you will most fond of their history. Also, if you are a document author, you will most
commonly come in contact with people responsible for editing your draft. commonly come in contact with people responsible for editing your draft.
Another important role is to provide <eref target="https://www.rfc-editor.org">o ne definitive repository</eref> for all RFCs.</t> Another important role is to provide <eref target="https://www.rfc-editor.org">o ne definitive repository</eref> for all RFCs.</t>
<t>A common misconception is that all RFCs are the work of the IETF.
<t>A common misconception is that all RFCs are the work of the IETF. In fact, In fact,
there are four sources of RFCs: the IETF, the IAB, the IRTF, and Independent there are four sources of RFCs: the IETF, the IAB, the IRTF, and Independent
streams. It is likely that there will soon be a fifth source, which will be for streams. It is likely that there will soon be a fifth source, which will be for
documents on the RFC series itself. Only documents coming directly from the documents on the RFC series itself. Only documents coming directly from the
IETF through Working Groups, or sponsored by ADs, can have IETF consensus IETF through Working Groups, or sponsored by ADs, can have IETF consensus
and be described as IETF specifications or standards.</t> and be described as IETF specifications or standards.</t>
<t>Once an RFC is published, it is never revised. If the specificat
<t>Once an RFC is published, it is never revised. If the specification it ion it
describes changes, the standard will be re-published in another RFC that describes changes, the standard will be re-published in another RFC that
“obsoletes” the first. If a technical or editorial error is found in an RFC, "obsoletes" the first. If a technical or editorial error is found in an RFC,
an errata may be filed for review. If accepted, the errata will be linked to an errata may be filed for review. If accepted, the errata will be linked to
the RFC and may be held for the next document update.</t> the RFC and may be held for the next document update.</t>
<t>At the time of this writing, the model for the RFC Editor and the
<t>At the time of this writing, the model for the RFC Editor and the RPC is RPC is
being revised under an <eref target="https://www.iab.org/activities/programs/rfc being revised under an <eref target="https://datatracker.ietf.org/group/rfcefdp/
-editor-future-development-program/">IAB Program</eref>. about/">IAB Program</eref>.
In this revision, there is a position hired by the IETF LLC known as the RFC In this revision, there is a position hired by the IETF LLC known as the RFC
Series Editor, who is advised by a couple of groups. As a newcomer, and Series Editor, who is advised by a couple of groups. As a newcomer, and
potential author, the details shouldn’t matter much to you right now.</t> potential author, the details shouldn't matter much to you right now.</t>
<t>The RPC is contracted by the IETF LLC.</t>
<t>The RPC is contracted by the IETF LLC.</t> </section>
<section anchor="ietf-secretariat" numbered="false" toc="default">
</section> <name>2.2.6 IETF Secretariat</name>
<section anchor="ietf-secretariat" title="2.2.6 IETF Secretariat"> <t>There are a few people who are paid to support the IETF. The IETF
<t>There are a few people who are paid to support the IETF. The IETF
Secretariat provides day-to-day logistical support, which mainly means Secretariat provides day-to-day logistical support, which mainly means
coordinating face-to-face meetings and running the IETF presence on coordinating face-to-face meetings and running the IETF presence on
the web, including the](https://www.ietf.org)IETF web site, the web, including the <eref target="https://www.ietf.org">IETF web site</eref>,
mailing lists, the repository for Internet-Drafts, and so on. mailing lists, the repository for Internet-Drafts, and so on.
The Secretariat also provides administrative assistance to the IESG The Secretariat also provides administrative assistance to the IESG
and others.</t> and others.</t>
<t>The Secretariat is contracted by the IETF LLC.</t>
<t>The Secretariat is contracted by the IETF LLC.</t> </section>
<section anchor="ietf-trust" numbered="false" toc="default">
</section> <name>2.2.7 IETF Trust</name>
<section anchor="ietf-trust" title="2.2.7 IETF Trust"> <t>The <eref target="https://trustee.ietf.org">IETF Trust</eref> was
set up to hold and
<t>The <eref target="https://trustee.ietf.org">IETF Trust</eref> was set up to h
old and
license the intellectual property of the IETF, such as trademarks (the IETF license the intellectual property of the IETF, such as trademarks (the IETF
logo, etc.) and copyrights. The trust is a stable, legally-identifiable logo, etc.) and copyrights. The trust is a stable, legally-identifiable
entity. Most participants never interact with the IETF Trust, beyond seeing entity. Most participants never interact with the IETF Trust, beyond seeing
it mentioned in RFC boilerplate. This is a good sign, and indicates that it mentioned in RFC boilerplate. This is a good sign, and indicates that
they are quietly doing their job.</t> they are quietly doing their job.</t>
</section>
</section> </section>
</section> <section anchor="ietf-mailing-lists" numbered="false" toc="default">
<section anchor="ietf-mailing-lists" title="2.3 IETF Mailing Lists"> <name>2.3 IETF Mailing Lists</name>
<t>The IETF does most of its communication, and all of its official wo
<t>The IETF does most of its communication, and all of its official work, rk,
via email.</t> via email.</t>
<t>Anyone who plans to participate in the IETF should join the <eref t
<t>Anyone who plans to participate in the IETF should join the <eref target="htt arget="https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ietf-announce">IETF announcement ma
ps://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ietf-announce">IETF announcement mailing list iling list</eref>. This is where all of the meeting information, RFC
</eref>. This is where all of the meeting information, RFC
announcements, and IESG Protocol Actions and Last Calls are posted. This announcements, and IESG Protocol Actions and Last Calls are posted. This
list is strongly moderated, and only the Secretariat and a small number of list is strongly moderated, and only the Secretariat and a small number of
IETF leaders can approve messages sent to the announcement list, although IETF leaders can approve messages sent to the announcement list, although
those messages can come from a variety of people.</t> those messages can come from a variety of people.</t>
<t>There is also a <eref target="https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo
<t>There is also a <eref target="https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ietf">gen /ietf">general
eral
discussion list</eref> that is unmoderated. This means that everyone can discussion list</eref> that is unmoderated. This means that everyone can
express their opinions about issues affecting the Internet. As an open express their opinions about issues affecting the Internet. As an open
discussion forum, it sometimes spins out of control and it helps to be quick discussion forum, it sometimes spins out of control and it helps to be quick
on the <spanx style="emph">DELETE MESSAGE</spanx> button while also being slow t o take offense. on the <em>DELETE MESSAGE</em> button while also being slow to take offense.
The mailing list does have a The mailing list does have a
<eref target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/bcp45">charter</eref>, however, wh ich <eref target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/bcp45">charter</eref>, however, wh ich
points out that it is not a place for companies or individuals to solicit or points out that it is not a place for companies or individuals to solicit or
advertise. As of this writing, the charter is being revised. It is lightly advertise. As of this writing, the charter is being revised. It is lightly
moderated by two people appointed by the IETF Chair; they used to be called the moderated by two people appointed by the IETF Chair; they used to be called the
Sargent At Arms (SAA), and you might see that term sometimes. There is also Sargent At Arms (SAA), and you might see that term sometimes. There is also
a process for banning persistent offenders from the list, but fortunately a process for banning persistent offenders from the list, but fortunately
this is extremely rare.</t> this is extremely rare.</t>
<t>There are also subset lists. The
<t>There are also subset lists. The
<eref target="https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/i-d-announce">i-d-announce</ eref> <eref target="https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/i-d-announce">i-d-announce</ eref>
list only posts when a new Internet-Draft is submitted. list only posts when a new Internet-Draft is submitted.
It is moderated. It is moderated.
The <eref target="https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/last-call">last-call</er ef> The <eref target="https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/last-call">last-call</er ef>
list is not moderated, and is for discussion of IETF Last Calls (the list is not moderated, and is for discussion of IETF Last Calls (the
stage when the IETF community is given one last chance to comment on a stage when the IETF community is given one last chance to comment on a
draft before it is published as an RFC).</t> draft before it is published as an RFC).</t>
<t>Every Working Group has its own mailing list.</t>
<t>Every Working Group has its own mailing list.</t> <t>Every IETF mailing list is archived. (Unfortunately, the archives f
or
<t>Every IETF mailing list is archived. (Unfortunately, the archives for
some lists from many years ago, when the IETF did not have its own some lists from many years ago, when the IETF did not have its own
servers, have been lost.)</t> servers, have been lost.)</t>
<t>Even though the IETF mailing lists "represent" the IETF participant
<t>Even though the IETF mailing lists “represent” the IETF participants at s at
large, it is important to note that attending an IETF meeting does not mean large, it is important to note that attending an IETF meeting does not mean
you’ll be automatically added to any list; you’ll have to “opt in” you'll be automatically added to any list; you'll have to "opt in"
directly.</t> directly.</t>
</section>
</section> </section>
</section> <section anchor="ietf-meetings" numbered="false" toc="default">
<section anchor="ietf-meetings" title="3 IETF Meetings"> <name>3 IETF Meetings</name>
<t>The computer industry is rife with conferences, seminars, expositions
<t>The computer industry is rife with conferences, seminars, expositions, and , and
all manner of other kinds of meetings. IETF face-to-face meetings are not all manner of other kinds of meetings. IETF face-to-face meetings are not
like these. The meetings, held three times a year, are week-long gatherings like these. The meetings, held three times a year, are week-long gatherings
with the primary goals of helping Working Groups get their tasks done, and with the primary goals of helping Working Groups get their tasks done, and
promoting a fair amount of mixing among the WGs and the Areas. IETF meetings promoting a fair amount of mixing among the WGs and the Areas. IETF meetings
are of little interest to sales and marketing folks, but of high interest to are of little interest to sales and marketing folks, but of high interest to
engineers and developers.</t> engineers and developers.</t>
<t>For many people, IETF meetings are a breath of fresh air when compare
<t>For many people, IETF meetings are a breath of fresh air when compared to the d to the
standard computer industry conferences. There is no exposition hall, few standard computer industry conferences. There is no exposition hall, few
tutorials, and no big-name industry pundits. Instead, there is lots of work, tutorials, and no big-name industry pundits. Instead, there is lots of work,
as well as a fair amount of time for socializing for many participants. as well as a fair amount of time for socializing for many participants.
The IETF believes that having a drink together (often beer in the hotel The IETF believes that having a drink together (often beer in the hotel
lobby, but drink whatever you want) is highly conducive to collaboration.</t> lobby, but drink whatever you want) is highly conducive to collaboration.</t>
<t>On the other hand, IETFers can sometimes be surprisingly direct, some
<t>On the other hand, IETFers can sometimes be surprisingly direct, sometimes times
verging on rude. To build a climate in which people of many different verging on rude. To build a climate in which people of many different
backgrounds are treated with dignity, decency, and respect, the IETF has an backgrounds are treated with dignity, decency, and respect, the IETF has an
<eref target="https://www.ietf.org/blog/ietf-anti-harassment-policy">anti-harass ment policy</eref>, a <eref target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/bcp54">code of conduct</eref>, and an <eref target="https://www.ietf.org/contact/ombudsteam" >Ombudsteam</eref> that you can reach out to.</t> <eref target="https://www.ietf.org/blog/ietf-anti-harassment-policy">anti-harass ment policy</eref>, a <eref target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/bcp54">code of conduct</eref>, and an <eref target="https://www.ietf.org/contact/ombudsteam" >Ombudsteam</eref> that you can reach out to.</t>
<t>The general flow of an IETF meeting is that it begins with an <eref t
<t>The general flow of an IETF meeting is that it begins with an <eref target="h arget="https://www.ietf.org/how/runningcode/">IETF Hackathon</eref> on
ttps://www.ietf.org/how/runningcode/">IETF Hackathon</eref> on
Saturday and Sunday, tutorials and an informal gathering on Sunday, and Saturday and Sunday, tutorials and an informal gathering on Sunday, and
WG and BoF meetings Monday through Friday. WG meetings last for WG and BoF meetings Monday through Friday. WG meetings last for
between one and 2.5 hours each, and some WGs meet more than once, between one and 2.5 hours each, and some WGs meet more than once,
depending on how much work they anticipate doing. The WG chairs set the depending on how much work they anticipate doing. The WG chairs set the
agenda for their meeting time(s).</t> agenda for their meeting time(s).</t>
<t>There is a plenary session during the week, sometimes two. Either the
<t>There is a plenary session during the week, sometimes two. Either the first first
part, or a separate Technical Plenary, will have one or more technical part, or a separate Technical Plenary, will have one or more technical
presentations on topics of interest to many Working Groups. This is presentations on topics of interest to many Working Groups. This is
organized by the IAB. The Administrative Plenary is organized by the IETF organized by the IAB. The Administrative Plenary is organized by the IETF
Chair, and will have greetings from the meeting sponsor, reports on meeting Chair, and will have greetings from the meeting sponsor, reports on meeting
attendance and IETF finances, and progress reports from most groups mentioned attendance and IETF finances, and progress reports from most groups mentioned
in the “Hierarchy” section above. This ends with an “open mic” session, with in the "Hierarchy" section above. This ends with an "open mic" session, with
the various groups on stage. This is a good time to share administrative the various groups on stage. This is a good time to share administrative
concerns; praise is welcome, but more often concerns and gripes are raised.</t> concerns; praise is welcome, but more often concerns and gripes are raised.</t>
<t>There have been more than 110 IETF meetings so far.
<t>There have been more than 110 IETF meetings so far.
The list of future meetings is available The list of future meetings is available
<eref target="https://www.ietf.org/how/meetings/upcoming/">online</eref>, and th ey <eref target="https://www.ietf.org/how/meetings/upcoming/">online</eref>, and th ey
are also announced on the <spanx style="emph">ietf-announce</spanx> mailing list are also announced on the <em>ietf-announce</em> mailing list mentioned above.</
mentioned above.</t> t>
<t>Note that COVID-19 disrupted the in-person meetings.
<t>Note that COVID-19 disrupted the in-person meetings.
After several virtual or online meetings, the IETF tried its After several virtual or online meetings, the IETF tried its
first hybrid meeting, in Vienna, in March 2022.</t> first hybrid meeting, in Vienna, in March 2022.</t>
<section anchor="registration" numbered="false" toc="default">
<section anchor="registration" title="3.1 Registration"> <name>3.1 Registration</name>
<t>To attend an IETF meeting, either online or in person, you have to
<t>To attend an IETF meeting, either online or in person, you have to register register
and pay a registration fee. If you cannot afford the online registration fee, yo u and pay a registration fee. If you cannot afford the online registration fee, yo u
can apply for a fee waiver during the registration process. The meeting site can apply for a fee waiver during the registration process. The meeting site
(if the meeting is not purely online) is generally announced at several (if the meeting is not purely online) is generally announced at several
months ahead of the meeting – earlier if possible. An announcement goes out months ahead of the meeting -- earlier if possible. An announcement goes out
via email to the <spanx style="emph">ietf-announce</spanx> mailing list, and inf via email to the <em>ietf-announce</em> mailing list, and information is posted
ormation is posted on <eref target="https://www.ietf.org">the IETF web site</ere on <eref target="https://www.ietf.org">the IETF web site</eref>, that same day.
f>, that same day.
Upcoming meeting locations are also mentioned at the plenary, and the host Upcoming meeting locations are also mentioned at the plenary, and the host
for the next meeting often gives a welcome.</t> for the next meeting often gives a welcome.</t>
<t>You can register online at the IETF website, or in person throughou
<t>You can register online at the IETF website, or in person throughout the t the
week. There are different fee schedules for early-bird, latecomers, week. There are different fee schedules for early-bird, latecomers,
single-day, and so on. The general registration fee covers all of the week’s single-day, and so on. The general registration fee covers all of the week's
meetings, the Sunday evening <spanx style="emph">Welcome Reception</spanx>, and meetings, the Sunday evening <em>Welcome Reception</em>, and afternoon beverage
afternoon beverage and and
snack breaks.</t> snack breaks.</t>
<t>The IETF and related organizations are committed to transparency an
<t>The IETF and related organizations are committed to transparency and protecti d protecting
ng
the privacy of individuals. For information about the personal data the privacy of individuals. For information about the personal data
that is collected, and how it is managed, please see the <eref target="https://w ww.ietf.org/privacy-statement/">privacy statement</eref>.</t> that is collected, and how it is managed, please see the <eref target="https://w ww.ietf.org/privacy-statement/">privacy statement</eref>.</t>
<t>You might also consider subscribing to the meeting-specific email l
<t>You might also consider subscribing to the meeting-specific email list, which ist, which
is presented as an option when you register to participate in the meeting is presented as an option when you register to participate in the meeting
either in-person or remotely. Discussions on the meetings list can be high either in-person or remotely. Discussions on the meetings list can be high
volume and fairly wide-ranging about meeting-specific issues, but it is also volume and fairly wide-ranging about meeting-specific issues, but it is also
a channel for sharing information that many find useful to understand what is a channel for sharing information that many find useful to understand what is
going on during the meeting itself. Topics often include information about going on during the meeting itself. Topics often include information about
local mass transit, interesting sites to see, desire to buy or sell a local mass transit, interesting sites to see, desire to buy or sell a
social event ticket, and so on. Local experts, people who live in the area, social event ticket, and so on. Local experts, people who live in the area,
often respond to questions and can be very helpful.</t> often respond to questions and can be very helpful.</t>
<t>Sunday is an excellent day to join the meeting, unless you already
<t>Sunday is an excellent day to join the meeting, unless you already came on came on
Saturday for the hackathon. Sunday is the day for the newcomer’s tutorial, as Saturday for the hackathon. Sunday is the day for the newcomer's tutorial, as
well the Quick Connections session where newcomers get to meet with well the Quick Connections session where newcomers get to meet with
experienced IETF participants. After these sessions there is the welcome experienced IETF participants. After these sessions there is the welcome
reception, a popular event where you can get a small bite to eat and reception, a popular event where you can get a small bite to eat and
socialize with other attendees.</t> socialize with other attendees.</t>
<t>During registration, you will be asked to confirm that you agree to
<t>During registration, you will be asked to confirm that you agree to follow the <em>Note Well</em>. You can also read it, anytime, <eref target="http
follow the <spanx style="emph">Note Well</spanx>. You can also read it, anytime, s://www.ietf.org/about/note-well/">online</eref>.
<eref target="https://www.ietf.org/about/note-well/">online</eref>.
This points out the rules for IETF intellectual property rights (IPR), This points out the rules for IETF intellectual property rights (IPR),
anti-harassment, and other important guiding policies for the IETF. anti-harassment, and other important guiding policies for the IETF.
These slides will also be shown before every WG session; as it gets These slides will also be shown before every WG session; as it gets
later in the week, the slide transitions tend to get faster and faster.</t> later in the week, the slide transitions tend to get faster and faster.</t>
<t>If you need to leave messages for other attendees, you can do so at
<t>If you need to leave messages for other attendees, you can do so at the cork the cork
boards that are usually near the IETF registration desk. These cork boards boards that are usually near the IETF registration desk. These cork boards
will also have last-minute meeting changes and room changes. The agenda is will also have last-minute meeting changes and room changes. The agenda is
available online, and changes can happen up to the last minute, such as available online, and changes can happen up to the last minute, such as
cancelling a WG meeting.</t> cancelling a WG meeting.</t>
<t>You can also turn in lost-and-found items to the registration desk.
<t>You can also turn in lost-and-found items to the registration desk. At the At the
end of the meeting, anything left over from the lost-and-found will usually end of the meeting, anything left over from the lost-and-found will usually
be turned over to the hotel or brought back to the Secretariat’s office. be turned over to the hotel or brought back to the Secretariat's office.
Incidentally, the IETF registration desk is often a convenient place to Incidentally, the IETF registration desk is often a convenient place to
arrange to meet people. If someone says “meet me at registration,” you should arrange to meet people. If someone says "meet me at registration," you should
clarify if they mean the IETF registration desk, or the hotel registration clarify if they mean the IETF registration desk, or the hotel registration
desk: This has been a common cause of missed connections.</t> desk: This has been a common cause of missed connections.</t>
</section>
</section> <section anchor="take-the-plunge-and-stay-all-week" numbered="false" toc
<section anchor="take-the-plunge-and-stay-all-week" title="3.2 Take the Plunge a ="default">
nd Stay All Week!"> <name>3.2 Take the Plunge and Stay All Week!</name>
<t>IETF WG meetings are scheduled from Monday morning through Friday a
<t>IETF WG meetings are scheduled from Monday morning through Friday afternoon. fternoon.
Associated non-WG meetings often take place on the preceding or following Associated non-WG meetings often take place on the preceding or following
weekends, and unofficial “side meetings” can also be scheduled during the weekends, and unofficial "side meetings" can also be scheduled during the
week. It is best to plan to be present the whole week, to benefit from week. It is best to plan to be present the whole week, to benefit from
cross-fertilization between WGs and from hallway discussions (both offline as cross-fertilization between WGs and from hallway discussions (both offline as
well as in online environments such as the <spanx style="emph">gather.town</span x> website). As noted well as in online environments such as the <em>gather.town</em> website). As not ed
below, the agenda is fluid, and there have been instances of participants below, the agenda is fluid, and there have been instances of participants
missing important sessions due to last-minute scheduling changes after their missing important sessions due to last-minute scheduling changes after their
travel plans were fixed. Being present the whole week is the only way to travel plans were fixed. Being present the whole week is the only way to
avoid this annoyance.</t> avoid this annoyance.</t>
<t>If you cannot find meetings all week to interest you, you can still
<t>If you cannot find meetings all week to interest you, you can still make the make the
most of the IETF meeting by working between sessions. Almost every attendee most of the IETF meeting by working between sessions. Almost every attendee
has a laptop, and it is common to see many of them in the terminal room or in has a laptop, and it is common to see many of them in the terminal room or in
the lobbies and hallways working during meeting sessions. The IETF sets up up the lobbies and hallways working during meeting sessions. The IETF sets up a hig
a high-speed network throughout the hotel for the duration of the meeting, h-speed network throughout the hotel for the duration of the meeting,
and there’s no charge to use the “IETF wifi.” This usually covers many places and there's no charge to use the "IETF wifi." This usually covers many places
of the meeting venue (restaurants, coffee shops, and so on), so catching up of the meeting venue (restaurants, coffee shops, and so on), so catching up
on email when not in meetings is a fairly common task for IETFers.</t> on email when not in meetings is a fairly common task for IETFers.</t>
<t>Note that many people use their laptops actively during meeting ses
<t>Note that many people use their laptops actively during meeting sessions sions
for practical purposes such as consulting drafts. Power strips in all meeting for practical purposes such as consulting drafts. Power strips in all meeting
rooms and hotel rooms will provide only the sockets permitted by local rooms and hotel rooms will provide only the sockets permitted by local
regulations, so ensure in advance that you have an appropriate travel adapter.</ t> regulations, so ensure in advance that you have an appropriate travel adapter.</ t>
</section>
</section> <section anchor="newcomer-training" numbered="false" toc="default">
<section anchor="newcomer-training" title="3.3 Newcomer Training"> <name>3.3 Newcomer Training</name>
<t>Newcomers should attend the Newcomer's Tutorial on Sunday, which is
<t>Newcomers should attend the Newcomer’s Tutorial on Sunday, which is
especially designed for them. The tutorial is organized and conducted by the especially designed for them. The tutorial is organized and conducted by the
IETF Education, Mentoring, and Outreach Directorate (<spanx style="emph">EMODIR< /spanx>) team and is IETF Education, Mentoring, and Outreach Directorate (<em>EMODIR</em>) team and i s
intended to provide useful introductory information. The session covers the intended to provide useful introductory information. The session covers the
structure of the IETF, how to get the most out of the meeting, and many other structure of the IETF, how to get the most out of the meeting, and many other
essential and enlightening topics for new IETFers. The IETF has a <eref target=" essential and enlightening topics for new IETFers. The IETF has a <eref target="
https://www.youtube.com/user/ietf">YouTube channel</eref> which has the previous https://www.youtube.com/user/ietf">YouTube channel</eref> which has the previous
tutorials. This has recently been broken down into <eref target="https://www.yo tutorials. This has recently been broken down into <eref target="https://www.yo
utube.com/playlist?list=PLC86T-6ZTP5hFWNekiZYEYwEqVWB-cwfr">four 15-minute segme utube.com/watch?v=MW1cDLmr91c&amp;list=PLC86T-6ZTP5imxIwnF0mYxWVp0sbqDR0J&amp;pp
nts</eref> which might be easier to view.</t> =iAQB">four 15-minute segments</eref> which might be easier to view.</t>
<t><em>Quick Connections</em> is a session limited to newcomers and ex
<t><spanx style="emph">Quick Connections</spanx> is a session limited to newcome perienced IETF
rs and experienced IETF
participants. It is a great chance to meet people, and establish contacts participants. It is a great chance to meet people, and establish contacts
that can be useful during the rest of the week. Registration is required that can be useful during the rest of the week. Registration is required
as space is limited. It is held right before the welcome reception.</t> as space is limited. It is held right before the welcome reception.</t>
</section>
</section> <section anchor="dress-code" numbered="false" toc="default">
<section anchor="dress-code" title="3.4 Dress Code"> <name>3.4 Dress Code</name>
<t>At meetings people generally dress informally, and newcomers could
<t>At meetings people generally dress informally, and newcomers could feel out feel out
of place if they show up Monday morning in suits. The general rule is “dress of place if they show up Monday morning in suits. The general rule is "dress
for casual comfort.” Note that the hotel air conditioning might mean bringing for casual comfort." Note that the hotel air conditioning might mean bringing
a sweater or other covering as well.</t> a sweater or other covering as well.</t>
</section>
</section> <section anchor="working-group-meetings" numbered="false" toc="default">
<section anchor="working-group-meetings" title="3.5 Working Group Meetings"> <name>3.5 Working Group Meetings</name>
<t>The heart of an IETF meeting is the WG meetings themselves. Differe
<t>The heart of an IETF meeting is the WG meetings themselves. Different WGs nt WGs
chairs have very different styles, so it is impossible to generalize how a WG chairs have very different styles, so it is impossible to generalize how a WG
meeting will feel. All WGs have agendas, however, and most will follow the meeting will feel. All WGs have agendas, however, and most will follow the
following approach.</t> following approach.</t>
<t>At the beginning of the meeting, the chair will pass around the <em
<t>At the beginning of the meeting, the chair will pass around the <spanx style= >blue
"emph">blue sheets</em>, which are paper forms on which everyone writes their name and their
sheets</spanx>, which are paper forms on which everyone writes their name and th
eir
affiliation. These are archived and used for planning capacity needs for the affiliation. These are archived and used for planning capacity needs for the
next time the WG meets. In very rare cases, they have been used to indicate next time the WG meets. In very rare cases, they have been used to indicate
exactly who showed up. When you are handed the sheet, sign your name and exactly who showed up. When you are handed the sheet, sign your name and
pass it along in the same direction. If you arrive after the start, at the pass it along in the same direction. If you arrive after the start, at the
end of the meeting you can go up front and sign it then. For virtual end of the meeting you can go up front and sign it then. For virtual
attendance using the <spanx style="emph">MeetEcho</spanx> video conference syste m, attendance is attendance using the <em>MeetEcho</em> video conference system, attendance is
handled by accessing the application.</t> handled by accessing the application.</t>
<t>After the blue sheets, there are calls for volunteers to take minut
<t>After the blue sheets, there are calls for volunteers to take minutes. More es. More
than one person can do so, and they are often done on a Web page using a than one person can do so, and they are often done on a Web page using a
collaborative editing app. Taking minutes can be a good way to ensure you collaborative editing app. Taking minutes can be a good way to ensure you
follow the discussions without distraction! The link to the web page will be follow the discussions without distraction! The link to the web page will be
part of the WG entry that is part of the online meeting agenda. There is part of the WG entry that is part of the online meeting agenda. There is
also a chance to make any last-minute updates to the agenda. This is known also a chance to make any last-minute updates to the agenda. This is known
as “agenda bashing.” Finally, there will be a review of the Note Well. The as "agenda bashing." Finally, there will be a review of the Note Well. The
order in which these things happen can vary, but they are all done before the order in which these things happen can vary, but they are all done before the
meeting really “starts.”</t> meeting really "starts."</t>
<t>To speak during a meeting, go to the microphone(s) located near the
<t>To speak during a meeting, go to the microphone(s) located near the middle of middle of
the room. For controversial topics, there will be a line at the mic, but do the room. For controversial topics, there will be a line at the mic, but do
not hesitate to be the first person at the line if you have a question or a not hesitate to be the first person at the line if you have a question or a
contribution to the discussion. The WG chair or presenter will indicate when contribution to the discussion. The WG chair or presenter will indicate when
you can speak. Although it would be easier to just raise your hand from where you can speak. Although it would be easier to just raise your hand from where
you are sitting, the mics perform a very useful task: they let the people you are sitting, the mics perform a very useful task: they let the people
listening remotely and in the room hear your question or comment. When you listening remotely and in the room hear your question or comment. When you
first speak, say your name and affiliation for identification purposes. If first speak, say your name and affiliation for identification purposes. If
you miss this, folks will often say “name!” to remind you. Don’t be you miss this, folks will often say "name!" to remind you. Don't be
embarrassed if this happens, it’s not uncommon.</t> embarrassed if this happens, it's not uncommon.</t>
</section>
</section> <section anchor="seeing-spots-before-your-eyes" numbered="false" toc="de
<section anchor="seeing-spots-before-your-eyes" title="3.6 Seeing Spots Before Y fault">
our Eyes"> <name>3.6 Seeing Spots Before Your Eyes</name>
<t>Some attendees will have a little colored dot on their name tag, an
<t>Some attendees will have a little colored dot on their name tag, and a few d a few
people have more than one. These dots identify people who have volunteered to people have more than one. These dots identify people who have volunteered to
do extra work, such as being a WG chair, an IESG member, and so on. The do extra work, such as being a WG chair, an IESG member, and so on. The
colors have the meanings shown here.</t> colors have the meanings shown here.</t>
<table align="center">
<texttable> <thead>
<ttcol align='left'>Color</ttcol> <tr>
<ttcol align='left'>Meaning</ttcol> <th align="left">Color</th>
<c>Blue</c> <th align="left">Meaning</th>
<c>Working Group/BOF Chair</c> </tr>
<c>Green</c> </thead>
<c>Meeting Host/Sponsor</c> <tbody>
<c>Red</c> <tr>
<c>IAB member</c> <td align="left">Blue</td>
<c>Yellow</c> <td align="left">Working Group/BOF Chair</td>
<c>IESG member</c> </tr>
<c>Pink</c> <tr>
<c>IRSG member</c> <td align="left">Green</td>
<c>Orange</c> <td align="left">Meeting Host/Sponsor</td>
<c>Nominating Committee member</c> </tr>
<c>Black</c> <tr>
<c>IETF LLC Board</c> <td align="left">Red</td>
</texttable> <td align="left">IAB member</td>
</tr>
<t>Members of the press wear orange-tinted badges with the word “press” on them. <tr>
</t> <td align="left">Yellow</td>
<td align="left">IESG member</td>
<t>As newcomer, don’t be afraid to strike up conversations with people who wear </tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">Pink</td>
<td align="left">IRSG member</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">Orange</td>
<td align="left">Nominating Committee member</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">Black</td>
<td align="left">IETF LLC Board</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<t>Members of the press wear orange-tinted badges with the word "press
" on them.</t>
<t>As newcomer, don't be afraid to strike up conversations with people
who wear
these dots. If the IAB and IESG members and Working Group and BOF chairs these dots. If the IAB and IESG members and Working Group and BOF chairs
didn’t want to talk to anybody, they wouldn’t be wearing the dots in the didn't want to talk to anybody, they wouldn't be wearing the dots in the
first place! Note, however, that IETF meetings are usually intense times for first place! Note, however, that IETF meetings are usually intense times for
Area Directors. Talking to an AD during an IETF meeting will often result Area Directors. Talking to an AD during an IETF meeting will often result
in them asking you to send email after the meeting ends. in them asking you to send email after the meeting ends.
Also, when you start Also, when you start
a hallway conversation with an Area Director (or even a WG chair, for that a hallway conversation with an Area Director (or even a WG chair, for that
matter), it is often good to give them about 30 seconds of context for the matter), it is often good to give them about 30 seconds of context for the
discussion.</t> discussion.</t>
<t>Near the registration area there are usually ribbons and markers so
<t>Near the registration area there are usually ribbons and markers so that that
people can label their specific interests, history, and so on. people can label their specific interests, history, and so on.
Many people use them to make (inside) jokes, which are sometimes amusing.</t> Many people use them to make (inside) jokes, which are sometimes amusing.</t>
</section>
</section> <section anchor="terminal-room" numbered="false" toc="default">
<section anchor="terminal-room" title="3.7 Terminal Room"> <name>3.7 Terminal Room</name>
<t>The IETF wifi is provided by volunteers who run the Network Operati
<t>The IETF wifi is provided by volunteers who run the Network Operations Center ons Center
(NOC). The terminal room is where you can get wired connectivity and limited (NOC). The terminal room is where you can get wired connectivity and limited
access to a printer. The people and companies that donate their equipment, access to a printer. The people and companies that donate their equipment,
services, and time are to be heartily congratulated and thanked.</t> services, and time are to be heartily congratulated and thanked.</t>
<t>You must be wearing your badge in order to get into the terminal ro
<t>You must be wearing your badge in order to get into the terminal room. The om. The
terminal room provides power strips, Ethernet ports, and wifi terminal room provides power strips, Ethernet ports, and wifi
(for the people who don’t need Ethernet but want power). What it doesn’t (for the people who don't need Ethernet but want power). What it doesn't
provide are terminals; the name is historical. The help desk in the terminal provide are terminals; the name is historical. The help desk in the terminal
room is also a good place to ask questions about network failures, although room is also a good place to ask questions about network failures, although
they might point you off to different networking staff.</t> they might point you off to different networking staff.</t>
</section>
</section> <section anchor="meals-and-snacks" numbered="false" toc="default">
<section anchor="meals-and-snacks" title="3.8 Meals and Snacks"> <name>3.8 Meals and Snacks</name>
<t>Although it is true that some people eat very well at the IETF, the
<t>Although it is true that some people eat very well at the IETF, they find the y find the
food on their own since lunches and dinners are not included in the food on their own since lunches and dinners are not included in the
registration fee. In addition to socializing, dinner meetings can be a good registration fee. In addition to socializing, dinner meetings can be a good
way to get additional work done.</t> way to get additional work done.</t>
<t>If sponsorship for it is secured, the welcome reception provides dr
<t>If sponsorship for it is secured, the welcome reception provides drinks inks
and appetizers but is not meant to be a full replacement for dinner. and appetizers but is not meant to be a full replacement for dinner.
Sometimes a continental breakfast can be included with the hotel registration. Sometimes a continental breakfast can be included with the hotel registration.
There IETF meeting also includes a morning coffee and snack break, and There IETF meeting also includes a morning coffee and snack break, and
a similar one in the afternoon.</t> a similar one in the afternoon.</t>
<t>If you prefer to get out of the hotel for meals, the local host usu
<t>If you prefer to get out of the hotel for meals, the local host usually ally
provides a list of places to eat within easy reach of the meeting site, provides a list of places to eat within easy reach of the meeting site,
and the meeting-specific email list is also a useful source.</t> and the meeting-specific email list is also a useful source.</t>
</section>
</section> <section anchor="social-event" numbered="false" toc="default">
<section anchor="social-event" title="3.9 Social Event"> <name>3.9 Social Event</name>
<t>Another of the most important things organized and managed by the h
<t>Another of the most important things organized and managed by the host is the ost is the
IETF social event. The social event is sometimes high-tech-related event, or IETF social event. The social event is sometimes high-tech-related event, or
it might be in an art museum or a reception hall. Note, however, that not all it might be in an art museum or a reception hall. Note, however, that not all
IETF meetings have social events.</t> IETF meetings have social events.</t>
<t>Newcomers to the IETF are encouraged to attend the social event. We
<t>Newcomers to the IETF are encouraged to attend the social event. Wear your ar your
name tag and leave your laptop behind. The social event is designed to give name tag and leave your laptop behind. The social event is designed to give
people a chance to meet on a social, rather than technical, level. The people a chance to meet on a social, rather than technical, level. The
social ticket costs extra, is reserved at registration time, and has limited social ticket costs extra, is reserved at registration time, and has limited
capacity. People looking to buy or sell a social ticket often post to the capacity. People looking to buy or sell a social ticket often post to the
email list, or on the corkboards mentioned above.</t> email list, or on the corkboards mentioned above.</t>
</section>
</section> <section anchor="agenda" numbered="false" toc="default">
<section anchor="agenda" title="3.10 Agenda"> <name>3.10 Agenda</name>
<t>The agenda for the IETF meetings is a very fluid thing. It is avail
<t>The agenda for the IETF meetings is a very fluid thing. It is available on able on
the web and through the IETF mobile apps starting a few weeks before the the web and through the IETF mobile apps starting a few weeks before the
meeting. Of course, “final” in the IETF doesn’t mean the same thing as it meeting. Of course, "final" in the IETF doesn't mean the same thing as it
does elsewhere in the world. The final agenda is simply the last version does elsewhere in the world. The final agenda is simply the last version
posted before the meeting. The Secretariat will post agenda changes on the posted before the meeting. The Secretariat will post agenda changes on the
bulletin board near the IETF registration desk (reminder, not the hotel bulletin board near the IETF registration desk (reminder, not the hotel
registration desk!). These late changes are not capricious: they are made registration desk!). These late changes are not capricious: they are made
“just in time” as session chairs and speakers become aware of unanticipated "just in time" as session chairs and speakers become aware of unanticipated
conflicts. The IETF is too dynamic for agendas to be tied down weeks in conflicts. The IETF is too dynamic for agendas to be tied down weeks in
advance.</t> advance.</t>
<t>A map showing the hotel layout and, specifically the meeting rooms,
<t>A map showing the hotel layout and, specifically the meeting rooms, is also is also
available with the agenda. Room assignments can change as the agenda available with the agenda. Room assignments can change as the agenda
changes. Some Working Groups meet multiple times during a meeting, and every changes. Some Working Groups meet multiple times during a meeting, and every
attempt is made to have a Working Group meet in the same room for each attempt is made to have a Working Group meet in the same room for each
session.</t> session.</t>
</section>
</section> <section anchor="emodir-to-the-rescue" numbered="false" toc="default">
<section anchor="emodir-to-the-rescue" title="3.11 EMODIR to the Rescue"> <name>3.11 EMODIR to the Rescue</name>
<t>If, after you finish reading this document, certain aspects of the
<t>If, after you finish reading this document, certain aspects of the IETF still IETF still
mystify you, you’ll want to drop in on the on-site training offered by the mystify you, you'll want to drop in on the on-site training offered by the
Education, Mentoring, and Outreach (EMODIR) team. In addition to the Education, Mentoring, and Outreach (EMODIR) team. In addition to the
Newcomer training mentioned above, EMODIR also hosts informal newcomer Newcomer training mentioned above, EMODIR also hosts informal newcomer
gatherings during the coffee break sessions. Details vary for each meeting, gatherings during the coffee break sessions. Details vary for each meeting,
so watch the agenda and the newcomer-specific email list.</t> so watch the agenda and the newcomer-specific email list.</t>
<t>EMODIR also organized in-depth technical tutorials, useful for newc
<t>EMODIR also organized in-depth technical tutorials, useful for newcomers omers
and experienced IETFers alike. and experienced IETFers alike.
These are also announced as part of the program, and are usually on These are also announced as part of the program, and are usually on
Sundays.</t> Sundays.</t>
<t>Finally, EMODIR runs the <em>IETF Guides</em> program, pairing newc
<t>Finally, EMODIR runs the <spanx style="emph">IETF Guides</spanx> program, pai omers with an
ring newcomers with an
experienced IETF person to help you become acclimated and effective quickly. experienced IETF person to help you become acclimated and effective quickly.
This has not worked out very well during the all-virtual meetings, frankly. This has not worked out very well during the all-virtual meetings, frankly.
If you are interested, watch for the announcement. Ideally you have a call If you are interested, watch for the announcement. Ideally you have a call
with your mentor before the meeting, a meeting during the beginning of the with your mentor before the meeting, a meeting during the beginning of the
meeting, and check in some time during the meeting, so they can help you with meeting, and check in some time during the meeting, so they can help you with
any questions you might have.</t> any questions you might have.</t>
<t>Details on EMODIR membership and charter are available <eref target
<t>Details on EMODIR membership and charter are available <eref target="https:// ="https://datatracker.ietf.org/group/emodir/about/">online</eref>.</t>
datatracker.ietf.org/group/emodir/about/">online</eref>.</t> </section>
<section anchor="where-do-i-fit-in" numbered="false" toc="default">
</section> <name>3.12 Where Do I Fit In?</name>
<section anchor="where-do-i-fit-in" title="3.12 Where Do I Fit In?"> <t>The IETF is different things to different people. There are many pe
ople who
<t>The IETF is different things to different people. There are many people who
have been very active in the IETF who have never attended an IETF meeting, have been very active in the IETF who have never attended an IETF meeting,
and you should not feel obligated to come to an IETF meeting just to get a feel and you should not feel obligated to come to an IETF meeting just to get a feel
for the IETF. for the IETF.
If, however, you decide to come, this document and <eref target="https://www.rfc -editor.org/info/rfc4144">RFC 4144: How to Gain Prominence and Influence in Stan dards Organizations</eref> If, however, you decide to come, this document and <eref target="https://www.rfc -editor.org/info/rfc4144">RFC 4144: How to Gain Prominence and Influence in Stan dards Organizations</eref>
provides some pointers provides some pointers
on how to make your meeting a success. on how to make your meeting a success.
The following guidelines (based on stereotypes of people in various The following guidelines (based on stereotypes of people in various
industries) might help you decide whether you actually want to come and, if industries) might help you decide whether you actually want to come and, if
so, what might be the best use of your time at your first meeting.</t> so, what might be the best use of your time at your first meeting.</t>
<section anchor="it-managers" numbered="false" toc="default">
<section anchor="it-managers" title="3.12.1 IT Managers"> <name>3.12.1 IT Managers</name>
<t>As discussed throughout this document, an IETF meeting is nothing
<t>As discussed throughout this document, an IETF meeting is nothing like any like any
trade show you have attended. IETF meetings are singularly bad places to go trade show you have attended. IETF meetings are singularly bad places to go
if your intention is to find out what will be hot in the Internet industry if your intention is to find out what will be hot in the Internet industry
next year. You can safely assume that going to Working Group meetings will next year. You can safely assume that going to Working Group meetings will
confuse you more than it will help you understand what is happening, or will confuse you more than it will help you understand what is happening, or will
be happening, in the industry.</t> be happening, in the industry.</t>
<t>This is not to say that no one from the industry should go to IET
<t>This is not to say that no one from the industry should go to IETF meetings. F meetings.
As an IT manager, you might want to consider sending specific people who are As an IT manager, you might want to consider sending specific people who are
responsible for technologies that are under development in the IETF. As these responsible for technologies that are under development in the IETF. As these
people read the current Internet-Drafts and email traffic on the relevant people read the current Internet-Drafts and email traffic on the relevant
Working Group lists, they will get a sense of whether or not their presence Working Group lists, they will get a sense of whether or not their presence
would be worthwhile for your company or for the Working Groups.</t> would be worthwhile for your company or for the Working Groups.</t>
</section>
</section> <section anchor="network-operators-and-isps" numbered="false" toc="def
<section anchor="network-operators-and-isps" title="3.12.2 Network Operators and ault">
ISPs"> <name>3.12.2 Network Operators and ISPs</name>
<t>Knowledge of how networks are run is indispensable for the develo
<t>Knowledge of how networks are run is indispensible for the development pment
of new (versions of) protocols. Especially if you work for the type of of new (versions of) protocols. Especially if you work for the type of
network that is always using the very latest hardware and software, network that is always using the very latest hardware and software,
and you are already following the relevant Working Groups, and you are already following the relevant Working Groups,
you could certainly find participating in the IETF valuable. you could certainly find participating in the IETF valuable.
Note that the IETF has several WGs focused on operations, that might Note that the IETF has several WGs focused on operations, that might
be particularly relevant.</t> be particularly relevant.</t>
<t>Finally, note that the IETF is increasingly focused on encrypting
<t>Finally, note that the IETF is increasingly focused on encrypting network network
traffic, and that this has implications for operators. A fair amount of IETF traffic, and that this has implications for operators. A fair amount of IETF
work also covers many other parts of operations of ISPs and large work also covers many other parts of operations of ISPs and large
enterprises, and the input of operators from each of these types of enterprises, and the input of operators from each of these types of
organizations is quite valuable to keep this work vibrant and relevant. Many organizations is quite valuable to keep this work vibrant and relevant. Many
of the best operations documents from the IETF come from real-world of the best operations documents from the IETF come from real-world
operators, not vendors and academics.</t> operators, not vendors and academics.</t>
</section>
</section> <section anchor="networking-hardware-and-software-vendors" numbered="f
<section anchor="networking-hardware-and-software-vendors" title="3.12.3 Network alse" toc="default">
ing Hardware and Software Vendors"> <name>3.12.3 Networking Hardware and Software Vendors</name>
<t>The image of the IETF being mostly network researchers may have b
<t>The image of the IETF being mostly network researchers may have been true in een true in
the distant past, but the jobs of today’s attendees are typically in the distant past, but the jobs of today's attendees are typically in
industry. In most areas of the IETF, employees of vendors are the ones industry. In most areas of the IETF, employees of vendors are the ones
writing the protocols and leading the Working Groups, so it’s completely writing the protocols and leading the Working Groups, so it's completely
appropriate for vendors to attend. If you create Internet hardware or appropriate for vendors to attend. If you create Internet hardware or
software, or run a service available on the Internet, and no one from your software, or run a service available on the Internet, and no one from your
company has ever attended an IETF meeting, it behooves you to come to a company has ever attended an IETF meeting, it behooves you to come to a
meeting if for no other reason than to tell the others how relevant the meeting if for no other reason than to tell the others how relevant the
meeting was or was not to your business.</t> meeting was or was not to your business.</t>
<t>This is not to say that companies should close up shop during IET
<t>This is not to say that companies should close up shop during IETF meeting F meeting
weeks so everyone can go to the meeting. Marketing folks, even technical weeks so everyone can go to the meeting. Marketing folks, even technical
marketing folks or pre-sales, are safe in staying away from the IETF as long as marketing folks or pre-sales, are safe in staying away from the IETF as long as
some of the technical people from the company are at the meeting. Similarly, some of the technical people from the company are at the meeting. Similarly,
it isn’t required, or likely useful, for everyone from a technical department it isn't required, or likely useful, for everyone from a technical department
to go, especially if they are not all reading the Internet-Drafts and to go, especially if they are not all reading the Internet-Drafts and
following the Working Group mailing lists. Many companies have just a few following the Working Group mailing lists. Many companies have just a few
designated meeting attendees who are chosen for their ability to do complete designated meeting attendees who are chosen for their ability to do complete
and useful trip reports. In addition, many companies have internal and useful trip reports. In addition, many companies have internal
coordination efforts and a standards strategy. If a company depends on the coordination efforts and a standards strategy. If a company depends on the
Internet for some or all of its business, the strategy should probably cover Internet for some or all of its business, the strategy should probably cover
the IETF, but note that IETF participation is as an <spanx style="emph">individu al</spanx> not a the IETF, but note that IETF participation is as an <em>individual</em> not a
formal representative of their employer.</t> formal representative of their employer.</t>
</section>
</section> <section anchor="academics" numbered="false" toc="default">
<section anchor="academics" title="3.12.4 Academics"> <name>3.12.4 Academics</name>
<t>IETF meetings are often excellent places for all kinds of researc
<t>IETF meetings are often excellent places for all kinds of researchers to find hers to find
out what is happening in the way of soon-to-be-deployed protocols, and out what is happening in the way of soon-to-be-deployed protocols, and
networking architecture and infrastructure. Professors and grad students (and networking architecture and infrastructure. Professors and grad students (and
sometimes overachieving undergrads) who are doing research in networking or sometimes overachieving undergrads) who are doing research in networking or
communications can get a wealth of information by following Working Groups in communications can get a wealth of information by following Working Groups in
their specific fields of interest. Wandering into different Working Group their specific fields of interest. Wandering into different Working Group
meetings can have the same effect as going to symposia and seminars in your meetings can have the same effect as going to symposia and seminars in your
department. Researchers are also, of course, likely to be interested in IRTF department. Researchers are also, of course, likely to be interested in IRTF
activities.</t> activities.</t>
<t>In addition, the IRTF and ACM co-host the annual
<t>In addition, the IRTF and ACM co-host the annual
<eref target="https://irtf.org/anrw/">Applied Networking Research Workshop</eref >, <eref target="https://irtf.org/anrw/">Applied Networking Research Workshop</eref >,
normally scheduled during the July IETF meeting Registration is required, normally scheduled during the July IETF meeting Registration is required,
IETF attendees can attend for free. The IRTF also hosts the <eref target="https: //irtf.org/anrp/">Applied Networking Research Prize</eref>, IETF attendees can attend for free. The IRTF also hosts the <eref target="https: //irtf.org/anrp/">Applied Networking Research Prize</eref>,
which includes a cash prize, a travel grant to attend, and a chance to which includes a cash prize, a travel grant to attend, and a chance to
present. See the web page for requirements.</t> present. See the web page for requirements.</t>
</section>
</section> <section anchor="computer-trade-press" numbered="false" toc="default">
<section anchor="computer-trade-press" title="3.12.5 Computer Trade Press"> <name>3.12.5 Computer Trade Press</name>
<t>If you're a member of the press and are considering attending IET
<t>If you’re a member of the press and are considering attending IETF, F,
please see the](#8-2)special section below.</t> please see the <xref target="press-coverage-of-the-ietf" format="none">special s
ection</xref> below.</t>
</section> </section>
</section> </section>
<section anchor="proceedings" title="3.13 Proceedings"> <section anchor="proceedings" numbered="false" toc="default">
<name>3.13 Proceedings</name>
<t>IETF proceedings are compiled in the weeks and months after each meeting and <t>IETF proceedings are compiled in the weeks and months after each me
eting and
are available are available
<eref target="https://www.ietf.org/how/meetings/proceedings/">online</eref>. <eref target="https://www.ietf.org/how/meetings/proceedings/">online</eref>.
Be sure to look through a copy at least once; the proceedings are filled with Be sure to look through a copy at least once; the proceedings are filled with
information about IETF that you’re not likely to find anywhere else. For information about IETF that you're not likely to find anywhere else. For
example, you’ll copies of every session’s slides, links to the video example, you'll copies of every session's slides, links to the video
recording, copies of the blue sheets (attendance), and so on.</t> recording, copies of the blue sheets (attendance), and so on.</t>
</section>
</section> <section anchor="other-general-things" numbered="false" toc="default">
<section anchor="other-general-things" title="3.14 Other General Things"> <name>3.14 Other General Things</name>
<t>IETFers in general are very approachable. Never be afraid to approa
<t>IETFers in general are very approachable. Never be afraid to approach someone ch someone
and introduce yourself. Also, don’t be afraid to ask questions, especially and introduce yourself. Also, don't be afraid to ask questions, especially
when it comes to jargon and acronyms. If someone is presenting an update when it comes to jargon and acronyms. If someone is presenting an update
to their draft, feel free to step up to the mic and ask a clarifying to their draft, feel free to step up to the mic and ask a clarifying
question. Before you do, however, make sure to have read the draft first. question. Before you do, however, make sure to have read the draft first.
Working Group meetings are not a time for general tutorials.</t> Working Group meetings are not a time for general tutorials.</t>
<t>Hallway conversations are very important. A lot of very good work g
<t>Hallway conversations are very important. A lot of very good work gets done ets done
by people who talk together between meetings and over lunches and dinners. by people who talk together between meetings and over lunches and dinners.
Every minute of the IETF can be considered work time (much to some people’s Every minute of the IETF can be considered work time (much to some people's
dismay).</t> dismay).</t>
<t>A side meeting (historically but often inaccurately called a "bar B
<t>A side meeting (historically but often inaccurately called a “bar BOF”) is an OF") is an
unofficial get-together between WG meetings or in the late evening, during unofficial get-together between WG meetings or in the late evening, during
which a lot of work gets done. These side meetings spring up in many which a lot of work gets done. These side meetings spring up in many
different places around an IETF meeting, such as restaurants, coffee shops, different places around an IETF meeting, such as restaurants, coffee shops,
unused hall spaces and the like. You can read more about unused hall spaces and the like. You can read more about
Birds-of-a Feather sessions (BOFs)](#5)in section 5.</t> Birds-of-a Feather sessions (BOFs) <xref target="bofs-and-dispatching" format="n
one">in section 5</xref>.</t>
<t>The IETF meetings, and the plenary session in particular, are not places for <t>The IETF meetings, and the plenary session in particular, are not p
laces for
vendors to try to sell their wares. People can certainly answer questions vendors to try to sell their wares. People can certainly answer questions
about their company and its products, but bear in mind that the IETF is not a about their company and its products, but bear in mind that the IETF is not a
trade show.</t> trade show.</t>
<t>There is always a "materials distribution table" near the registrat
<t>There is always a “materials distribution table” near the registration desk. ion desk.
This desk is used to make appropriate information available to the attendees This desk is used to make appropriate information available to the attendees
(e.g., copies of something discussed in a Working Group session, descriptions (e.g., copies of something discussed in a Working Group session, descriptions
of online IETF-related information). Please check with the Secretariat before of online IETF-related information). Please check with the Secretariat before
placing materials on the desk; the Secretariat has the right to remove placing materials on the desk; the Secretariat has the right to remove
material that they feel is not appropriate.</t> material that they feel is not appropriate.</t>
</section>
</section> <section anchor="remote-participation" numbered="false" toc="default">
<section anchor="remote-participation" title="3.15 Remote Participation"> <name>3.15 Remote Participation</name>
<t>People have joined IETF meetings remotely for a long time, but the
<t>People have joined IETF meetings remotely for a long time, but the tools for tools for
this have changed a lot over the years. Currently the IETF uses a browser- this have changed a lot over the years. Currently the IETF uses a browser-
based tool known as <spanx style="emph">MeetEcho</spanx>. There is also a text-b based tool known as <em>MeetEcho</em>. There is also a text-based discussion
ased discussion forum called <em>Jabber</em>. This is integrated into MeetEcho, but there are al
forum called <spanx style="emph">Jabber</spanx>. This is integrated into MeetEch so
o, but there are also stand-alone clients available. Planned for 2022, the <em>Zulip</em> text
stand-alone clients available. Planned for 2022, the <spanx style="emph">Zulip</
spanx> text
will be available. Each WG will have its own stream.</t> will be available. Each WG will have its own stream.</t>
<t>The links for the Meetecho rooms, the Jabber chats, and meeting mat
<t>The links for the Meetecho rooms, the Jabber chats, and meeting materials, erials,
can always be found in the right-hand side of the agenda, under the different can always be found in the right-hand side of the agenda, under the different
icons. All sessions are recorded and can be viewed after the meeting, along icons. All sessions are recorded and can be viewed after the meeting, along
with chat logs and meeting minutes. This can be useful to refresh your with chat logs and meeting minutes. This can be useful to refresh your
memory while writing a trip report, or for catching up on what happened memory while writing a trip report, or for catching up on what happened
when you wanted to be in two WG meetings at once. It happens; scheduling when you wanted to be in two WG meetings at once. It happens; scheduling
conflicts are unavoidable.</t> conflicts are unavoidable.</t>
</section>
</section> </section>
</section> <section anchor="working-groups" numbered="false" toc="default">
<section anchor="working-groups" title="4 Working Groups"> <name>4 Working Groups</name>
<t>The vast majority of the IETF's work is done in its many Working Grou
<t>The vast majority of the IETF’s work is done in its many Working Groups; at ps; at
the time of this writing, there are well over one hundred different WGs. the time of this writing, there are well over one hundred different WGs.
<eref target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/bcp25">BCP 25</eref>, “IETF Workin <eref target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/bcp25">BCP 25</eref>, "IETF Workin
g g
Group Guidelines and Procedures,” is an excellent resource for anyone Group Guidelines and Procedures," is an excellent resource for anyone
participating in WG discussions. The full list of working groups can be participating in WG discussions. The full list of working groups can be
found on the <eref target="https://datatracker.ietf.org/wg/">datatracker</eref>. </t> found on the <eref target="https://datatracker.ietf.org/wg/">datatracker</eref>. </t>
<t>A WG is really just a mailing list with a bit of supervision and faci
<t>A WG is really just a mailing list with a bit of supervision and facilitation litation.
. You "join" the WG by subscribing to the mailing list; all mailing lists are open
You “join” the WG by subscribing to the mailing list; all mailing lists are open
to anyone. Anyone can post to a WG mailing list, although non-subscribers have to anyone. Anyone can post to a WG mailing list, although non-subscribers have
to have their postings approved first.</t> to have their postings approved first.</t>
<t>More importantly, each WG has a charter that the WG is supposed to fo
<t>More importantly, each WG has a charter that the WG is supposed to follow. Th llow. The
e
charter states the scope of discussion for the Working Group and its goals. The charter states the scope of discussion for the Working Group and its goals. The
WG’s mailing list and face-to-face meetings are supposed to focus on only what i WG's mailing list and face-to-face meetings are supposed to focus on only what i
s s
in the charter and not to wander off on other “interesting” topics. Of course, in the charter and not to wander off on other "interesting" topics. Of course,
looking a bit outside the scope of the WG is occasionally useful, but the large looking a bit outside the scope of the WG is occasionally useful, but the large
majority of the discussion should be on the topics listed in the charter. In fac t, majority of the discussion should be on the topics listed in the charter. In fac t,
some WG charters actually specify what the WG will not do, particularly if there some WG charters actually specify what the WG will not do, particularly if there
were some attractive but nebulous topics brought up during the drafting of the were some attractive but nebulous topics brought up during the drafting of the
charter. The list of all WG charters makes interesting reading for folks who wan t charter. The list of all WG charters makes interesting reading for folks who wan t
to know what the different Working Groups are supposed to be doing. Each WG has to know what the different Working Groups are supposed to be doing. Each WG has
its own page on the datatracker.</t> its own page on the datatracker.</t>
<section anchor="working-group-chairs" numbered="false" toc="default">
<section anchor="working-group-chairs" title="4.1 Working Group Chairs"> <name>4.1 Working Group Chairs</name>
<t>Each Working Group has one or two (or, rarely, three) chairs. The r
<t>Each Working Group has one or two (or, rarely, three) chairs. The role of the ole of the
WG chairs is described in both <eref target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/bcp 11">BCP 11</eref> WG chairs is described in both <eref target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/bcp 11">BCP 11</eref>
and <eref target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/bcp25">BCP 25</eref>.</t> and <eref target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/bcp25">BCP 25</eref>.</t>
<t>Chairs have responsibility for the technical and non-technical qual
<t>Chairs have responsibility for the technical and non-technical quality ity
of WG output. The chair must keep the WG productive, and making progress of WG output. The chair must keep the WG productive, and making progress
on its drafts. Sometimes there is a WG Secretary to help. Document editors, on its drafts. Sometimes there is a WG Secretary to help. Document editors,
too, are usually incentivized to make progress on their drafts. The chair too, are usually incentivized to make progress on their drafts. The chair
must manage WG discussion, both on the list and by scheduling meetings must manage WG discussion, both on the list and by scheduling meetings
when appropriate. Sometimes discussions get stuck on contentious points when appropriate. Sometimes discussions get stuck on contentious points
and the chair may need to steer people toward productive interaction and and the chair may need to steer people toward productive interaction and
then declare when rough consensus has been met and the discussion is then declare when rough consensus has been met and the discussion is
over. Sometimes chairs also manage interactions with non-WG participants over. Sometimes chairs also manage interactions with non-WG participants
or the IESG, especially when a WG document approaches publication. As or the IESG, especially when a WG document approaches publication. As
you can imagine given the mix of secretarial, interpersonal, and you can imagine given the mix of secretarial, interpersonal, and
technical demands, some Working Group chairs are much better at technical demands, some Working Group chairs are much better at
their jobs than others.</t> their jobs than others.</t>
</section>
</section> <section anchor="getting-things-done-in-a-working-group" numbered="false
<section anchor="getting-things-done-in-a-working-group" title="4.2 Getting Thin " toc="default">
gs Done in a Working Group"> <name>4.2 Getting Things Done in a Working Group</name>
<t>One fact that confuses many newcomers is that the face-to-face WG m
<t>One fact that confuses many newcomers is that the face-to-face WG meetings ar eetings are much
e much
less important in the IETF than they are in most other organizations. Any decisi on less important in the IETF than they are in most other organizations. Any decisi on
made at a face-to-face meeting must also gain consensus on the WG mailing list. This made at a face-to-face meeting must also gain consensus on the WG mailing list. This
is sometimes phrased as “at the last WG meeting, we decided XXX; if you disagree is sometimes phrased as "at the last WG meeting, we decided XXX; if you disagree
please speak up by the end of the week” and you’ll therefore often hear the phra please speak up by the end of the week" and you'll therefore often hear the phra
se se
“to be confirmed on the list.” There are numerous examples of important decision "to be confirmed on the list." There are numerous examples of important decision
s s
made in WG meetings that are later overturned on the mailing list, often because made in WG meetings that are later overturned on the mailing list, often because
someone who couldn’t attend the meeting pointed out a serious flaw in the logic someone who couldn't attend the meeting pointed out a serious flaw in the logic
used to come to the decision. Finally, WG meetings aren’t “drafting sessions” used to come to the decision. Finally, WG meetings aren't "drafting sessions"
as they are in some other standards bodies: in the IETF, drafting is done elsewh ere.</t> as they are in some other standards bodies: in the IETF, drafting is done elsewh ere.</t>
<t>Another aspect of Working Groups that confounds many people is the
<t>Another aspect of Working Groups that confounds many people is the fact that fact that
there is no formal voting. The general rule on disputed topics is that the there is no formal voting. The general rule on disputed topics is that the
Working Group has to come to “rough consensus,” meaning that a very large Working Group has to come to "rough consensus," meaning that a very large
majority of those who care must agree, and that those in the minority have had a majority of those who care must agree, and that those in the minority have had a
chance to explain why. Generally consensus is determined by <spanx style="emph"> humming</spanx>: if you chance to explain why. Generally consensus is determined by <em>humming</em>: if you
agree with a proposal, you hum when prompted by the chair. Most hum questions agree with a proposal, you hum when prompted by the chair. Most hum questions
come in three parts: you hum to the first part if you agree with the proposal, come in three parts: you hum to the first part if you agree with the proposal,
to the second part if you disagree, or to the third part if you do not have to the second part if you disagree, or to the third part if you do not have
enough information to make up your mind. Newcomers find it quite peculiar, but enough information to make up your mind. Newcomers find it quite peculiar, but
it works. It is up to the chair to decide when the Working Group has reached it works. It is up to the chair to decide when the Working Group has reached
rough consensus; sometimes the responsible AD will also do so.</t> rough consensus; sometimes the responsible AD will also do so.</t>
<t>The lack of formal voting has caused some very long delays for some
<t>The lack of formal voting has caused some very long delays for some proposals proposals,
,
but most IETF participants who have witnessed rough consensus after acrimonious but most IETF participants who have witnessed rough consensus after acrimonious
debates feel that the delays often result in better protocols. (And, if you debates feel that the delays often result in better protocols. (And, if you
think about it, how could you have “voting” in a group that invites all think about it, how could you have "voting" in a group that invites all
interested individuals to participate, and when it’s impossible to count the interested individuals to participate, and when it's impossible to count the
participants?) A common definition and practice of humming can be found in participants?) A common definition and practice of humming can be found in
<eref target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7282">RFC 7282: On Consensus an d Humming in the IETF</eref>.</t> <eref target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7282">RFC 7282: On Consensus an d Humming in the IETF</eref>.</t>
<t>A related problem is that some people think that their topic should
<t>A related problem is that some people think that their topic should be discus be discussed
sed
in the WG even when the WG chair believes it is outside the scope of the charter . in the WG even when the WG chair believes it is outside the scope of the charter .
If the WG agrees, they can work to <spanx style="emph">re-charter</spanx> so tha t the topic is in scope. If the WG agrees, they can work to <em>re-charter</em> so that the topic is in s cope.
The individual can also bring their concerns to the responsible AD.</t> The individual can also bring their concerns to the responsible AD.</t>
<t>When a WG has fulfilled its charter, it is supposed to cease operat
<t>When a WG has fulfilled its charter, it is supposed to cease operations. (Mos ions. (Most
t
WG mailing lists continue on after a WG is closed, still discussing the same WG mailing lists continue on after a WG is closed, still discussing the same
topics as the Working Group did.) In the IETF, it is a mark of success that the topics as the Working Group did.) In the IETF, it is a mark of success that the
WG closes up because it fulfilled its charter. This is one of the aspects of the WG closes up because it fulfilled its charter. This is one of the aspects of the
IETF that newcomers who have experience with other standards bodies have a hard IETF that newcomers who have experience with other standards bodies have a hard
time understanding.</t> time understanding.</t>
</section>
</section> <section anchor="working-group-documents" numbered="false" toc="default"
<section anchor="working-group-documents" title="4.3 Working Group Documents"> >
<name>4.3 Working Group Documents</name>
<t>There is an official distinction between WG I-Ds and individual I-Ds. A WG <t>There is an official distinction between WG I-Ds and individual I-D
s. A WG
will have to review an individual draft before deciding if it should be adopted will have to review an individual draft before deciding if it should be adopted
by the WG. The WG chairs appoint who will be the authors or editors of the by the WG. The WG chairs appoint who will be the authors or editors of the
I-Ds; often those who wrote the initial draft continue work on behalf of the I-Ds; often those who wrote the initial draft continue work on behalf of the
WG. Procedures for Internet-Drafts are covered in much more detail later in this WG. Procedures for Internet-Drafts are covered in much more detail later in this
document.</t> document.</t>
<t>For Working Group documents, the document editor serves at the plea
<t>For Working Group documents, the document editor serves at the pleasure of th sure of the
e
WG Chair. There is often more than one editor for Working Group documents, WG Chair. There is often more than one editor for Working Group documents,
particularly for complex documents. The document editor is responsible for particularly for complex documents. The document editor is responsible for
ensuring that the contents of the document accurately reflects Working Group ensuring that the contents of the document accurately reflects Working Group
decisions; when a document editor does not follow the WG consensus, the WG decisions; when a document editor does not follow the WG consensus, the WG
Chairs will either be more forceful about getting changes that match the Chairs will either be more forceful about getting changes that match the
consensus or replace the document editor with someone more responsive to the WG. consensus or replace the document editor with someone more responsive to the WG.
As a Working Group document is progressing, participants suggest changes on the As a Working Group document is progressing, participants suggest changes on the
Working Group’s mail list (or online if the document is maintained somewhere Working Group's mail list (or online if the document is maintained somewhere
accessible); the editors are expected to follow the discussion and make changes accessible); the editors are expected to follow the discussion and make changes
when there is consensus.</t> when there is consensus.</t>
<t>Sometimes a Working Group will consider several alternatives before
<t>Sometimes a Working Group will consider several alternatives before selecting selecting a
a
particular Internet-Draft as a Working Group document. A Working Group will particular Internet-Draft as a Working Group document. A Working Group will
often take ideas from several of the alternatives to create a single Working often take ideas from several of the alternatives to create a single Working
Group document; in such a case, the chair determines who will be listed as Group document; in such a case, the chair determines who will be listed as
authors on the title page and who will be acknowledged as contributors in the authors on the title page and who will be acknowledged as contributors in the
body of the document.</t> body of the document.</t>
<t>When a WG document is ready to progress beyond the WG, the WG Chair
<t>When a WG document is ready to progress beyond the WG, the WG Chairs will ass s will assign
ign a "shepherd" to take over the final process. The role of the document shepherd
a “shepherd” to take over the final process. The role of the document shepherd
is described in <eref target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4858">RFC 4858: Document Shepherding from Working Group Last Call to Publication</eref>. The ch air, who knows the history of the draft within the WG, often does the shepherd is described in <eref target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4858">RFC 4858: Document Shepherding from Working Group Last Call to Publication</eref>. The ch air, who knows the history of the draft within the WG, often does the shepherd
write-up.</t> write-up.</t>
</section>
</section> <section anchor="preparing-for-working-group-meetings" numbered="false"
<section anchor="preparing-for-working-group-meetings" title="4.4 Preparing for toc="default">
Working Group Meetings"> <name>4.4 Preparing for Working Group Meetings</name>
<t>The most important thing that <strong>everyone</strong> should do b
<t>The most important thing that <spanx style="strong">everyone</spanx> should d efore coming to a
o before coming to a
face-to-face meeting is to read the Internet-Drafts and RFCs ahead of time. WG face-to-face meeting is to read the Internet-Drafts and RFCs ahead of time. WG
meetings are explicitly not for education: they are for developing the group’s meetings are explicitly not for education: they are for developing the group's
documents and often the document is presented as a set of slides saying documents and often the document is presented as a set of slides saying
“here’s what changed since last meeting.” Even if you do not plan to say "here's what changed since last meeting." Even if you do not plan to say
anything in the meeting, you should read, or at least skim, the group’s anything in the meeting, you should read, or at least skim, the group's
documents before attending so you can understand what is being said.</t> documents before attending so you can understand what is being said.</t>
<t>It's up to the WG chairs to set the meeting agenda, usually a few w
<t>It’s up to the WG chairs to set the meeting agenda, usually a few weeks in eeks in
advance. If you want something discussed at the meeting, be sure to let the advance. If you want something discussed at the meeting, be sure to let the
chair know about it. The agendas for all the WG meetings are available in chair know about it. The agendas for all the WG meetings are available in
advance on the datatracker, and links to will be found on every full meeting advance on the datatracker, and links to will be found on every full meeting
agenda. Unfortunately, some WG chairs are lax (if not totally negligent) about agenda. Unfortunately, some WG chairs are lax (if not totally negligent) about
turning them in.</t> turning them in.</t>
<t>The Secretariat only makes the full IETF meeting schedule a few wee
<t>The Secretariat only makes the full IETF meeting schedule a few weeks in ks in
advance, and the schedule often changes as little as a week before the first advance, and the schedule often changes as little as a week before the first
day. If you are only coming for one WG meeting, you may have a hard time booking day. If you are only coming for one WG meeting, you may have a hard time booking
your flight with such little notice, particularly if the Working Group’s meeting your flight with such little notice, particularly if the Working Group's meeting
changes schedule. Be sure to keep track of the current agenda so you can changes schedule. Be sure to keep track of the current agenda so you can
schedule flights and hotels. But, when it comes down to it, you probably schedule flights and hotels. But, when it comes down to it, you probably
shouldn’t be coming for just one WG meeting. It’s likely that your knowledge shouldn't be coming for just one WG meeting. It's likely that your knowledge
could be valuable in a few WGs, assuming that you’ve read the I-Ds and RFCs could be valuable in a few WGs, assuming that you've read the I-Ds and RFCs
for those groups. Work in the IETF is often reciprocal, contribute positively to for those groups. Work in the IETF is often reciprocal, contribute positively to
others work and you are more likely to receive comments and feedback on your others work and you are more likely to receive comments and feedback on your
work.</t> work.</t>
<t>If you are on the agenda at a face-to-face meeting, you should prep
<t>If you are on the agenda at a face-to-face meeting, you should prepare a few are a few
slides and mail them to the chair before the meeting. Don’t come with a slides and mail them to the chair before the meeting. Don't come with a
tutorial; people are supposed to read the I-Ds in advance. Projectors for tutorial; people are supposed to read the I-Ds in advance. Projectors for
laptop-based presentations are available in all the meeting rooms.</t> laptop-based presentations are available in all the meeting rooms.</t>
<t>And here's a tip for your slides: don't put your company's logo on
<t>And here’s a tip for your slides: don’t put your company’s logo on every one, every one,
even though that is a common practice outside the IETF. The IETF frowns on this even though that is a common practice outside the IETF. The IETF frowns on this
kind of corporate advertising (except for the meeting sponsor in the plenary kind of corporate advertising (except for the meeting sponsor in the plenary
presentation), and most presenters don’t even put their logo on their opening presentation), and most presenters don't even put their logo on their opening
slide. The IETF is about technical content, not company boosterism. Slides are slide. The IETF is about technical content, not company boosterism. Slides are
often plain black and white for legibility, with color used only when it really often plain black and white for legibility, with color used only when it really
adds clarity. Again, the content is the most important part of the slides, not adds clarity. Again, the content is the most important part of the slides, not
how it’s presented.</t> how it's presented.</t>
<t>One thing you might find helpful, and possibly even entertaining, d
<t>One thing you might find helpful, and possibly even entertaining, during Work uring Working
ing
Group sessions is to follow the running commentary on the Jabber room associated Group sessions is to follow the running commentary on the Jabber room associated
with that Working Group. Jabber is a free, streaming XML technology mainly used with that Working Group. Jabber is a free, streaming XML technology mainly used
for instant messaging. You can find pointers to Jabber clients for many for instant messaging. You can find pointers to Jabber clients for many
platforms at (https://xmpp.org/xmpp-software/clients). The Jabber chatrooms have platforms at (https://xmpp.org/xmpp-software/clients). The Jabber chatrooms have
the name of the Working Group followed by “@jabber.ietf.org”. Those rooms are, the name of the Working Group followed by "@jabber.ietf.org". Those rooms are,
in fact, available year-round, not just during IETF meetings, and some are used in fact, available year-round, not just during IETF meetings, and some are used
by active Working Group participants during protocol development.</t> by active Working Group participants during protocol development.</t>
</section>
</section> <section anchor="working-group-mailing-lists" numbered="false" toc="defa
<section anchor="working-group-mailing-lists" title="4.5 Working Group Mailing L ult">
ists"> <name>4.5 Working Group Mailing Lists</name>
<t>As we mentioned earlier, the IETF announcement and discussion maili
<t>As we mentioned earlier, the IETF announcement and discussion mailing lists a ng lists are
re
the central mailing lists for IETF activities. However, there are many other the central mailing lists for IETF activities. However, there are many other
mailing lists related to IETF work. For example, every Working Group has its own mailing lists related to IETF work. For example, every Working Group has its own
discussion list. In addition, there are some long-term technical debates that discussion list. In addition, there are some long-term technical debates that
have been moved off of the IETF list onto lists created specifically for those have been moved off of the IETF list onto lists created specifically for those
topics. It is highly recommended that you follow the discussions on the mailing topics. It is highly recommended that you follow the discussions on the mailing
lists of the Working Groups that you wish to attend. The more work that is done lists of the Working Groups that you wish to attend. The more work that is done
on the mailing lists, the less work that will need to be done at the meeting, on the mailing lists, the less work that will need to be done at the meeting,
leaving time for cross pollination (i.e., attending Working Groups outside one’s leaving time for cross pollination (i.e., attending Working Groups outside one's
primary areas of interest in order to broaden one’s perspective).</t> primary areas of interest in order to broaden one's perspective).</t>
<t>The mailing lists also provide a forum for those who wish to follow
<t>The mailing lists also provide a forum for those who wish to follow, or , or
contribute to, the Working Groups’ efforts, but can’t attend the IETF meetings. contribute to, the Working Groups' efforts, but can't attend the IETF meetings.
That’s why IETF procedures require all decisions to be confirmed “on the list” That's why IETF procedures require all decisions to be confirmed "on the list"
and you will often hear a WG chair say, “Let’s take it to the list” to close a and you will often hear a WG chair say, "Let's take it to the list" to close a
discussion.</t> discussion.</t>
<t>Every WG has a dedicated page on the datatracker site, and the "Abo
<t>Every WG has a dedicated page on the datatracker site, and the “About” tab wi ut" tab will
ll
point to mailing list subscription and archives.</t> point to mailing list subscription and archives.</t>
</section>
</section> <section anchor="interim-working-group-meetings" numbered="false" toc="d
<section anchor="interim-working-group-meetings" title="4.6 Interim Working Grou efault">
p Meetings"> <name>4.6 Interim Working Group Meetings</name>
<t>Working Groups sometimes hold interim meetings between IETFs. Inter
<t>Working Groups sometimes hold interim meetings between IETFs. Interim meeting im meetings
s aren't a substitute for IETF meetings, however -- a group can't decide to skip a
aren’t a substitute for IETF meetings, however — a group can’t decide to skip a meeting in a location they're not fond of and meet in Cancun (or even someplace
meeting in a location they’re not fond of and meet in Cancun (or even someplace
mundane) three weeks later, for example. Interim meetings need to be announced mundane) three weeks later, for example. Interim meetings need to be announced
at least one month in advance. Location and timing need to allow fair access for at least one month in advance. Location and timing need to allow fair access for
all participants. Like regular IETF meetings, someone needs to take notes and all participants. Like regular IETF meetings, someone needs to take notes and
the group needs to take attendance. Decisions tentatively made during an interim the group needs to take attendance. Decisions tentatively made during an interim
WG meeting must still be confirmed on the mailing list. Interim meetings are WG meeting must still be confirmed on the mailing list. Interim meetings are
subject to the IETF Note Well. Most interim meetings are virtual these days and subject to the IETF Note Well. Most interim meetings are virtual these days and
have the same reporting requirements as face-to-face virtual meetings.</t> have the same reporting requirements as face-to-face virtual meetings.</t>
<t>The IESG has rules for advance notice on time and place of interim
<t>The IESG has rules for advance notice on time and place of interim Working Gr Working Group
oup
meetings, as well as reporting the results of the meetings. The purpose of these meetings, as well as reporting the results of the meetings. The purpose of these
rules is to make interim meetings accessible to as many Working Group members as rules is to make interim meetings accessible to as many Working Group members as
possible and to maintain the transparency of the Working Group process.</t> possible and to maintain the transparency of the Working Group process.</t>
</section>
</section> </section>
</section> <section anchor="bofs-and-dispatching" numbered="false" toc="default">
<section anchor="bofs-and-dispatching" title="5 BOFs and Dispatching"> <name>5 BOFs and Dispatching</name>
<t>In order to form a Working Group, you need a charter and someone who
<t>In order to form a Working Group, you need a charter and someone who is able is able
to be chair. In order to get those things, you need to get people interested to be chair. In order to get those things, you need to get people interested
so that they can help focus the charter and convince an Area Director that so that they can help focus the charter and convince an Area Director that
the project is worthwhile. A face-to-face meeting is useful for this. In the project is worthwhile. A face-to-face meeting is useful for this. In
fact, very few WGs get started without an initial meeting.</t> fact, very few WGs get started without an initial meeting.</t>
<t>A <em>Birds of a Feather</em> (BOF) meeting has to be approved by the
<t>A <spanx style="emph">Birds of a Feather</spanx> (BOF) meeting has to be appr Area Director
oved by the Area Director
in the relevant area, in consultation with the IESG and the IAB, before it in the relevant area, in consultation with the IESG and the IAB, before it
can be scheduled. If you think you need a new WG, approach an AD with your can be scheduled. If you think you need a new WG, approach an AD with your
proposal and see what they think. You will have to write some informative proposal and see what they think. You will have to write some informative
background text, and they will work with you to get it scheduled. Of course, background text, and they will work with you to get it scheduled. Of course,
you can also gather interested people and work on a draft charter in the you can also gather interested people and work on a draft charter in the
meantime.</t> meantime.</t>
<t>BOF meetings have a very different tone than do WG meetings. The purp
<t>BOF meetings have a very different tone than do WG meetings. The purpose of ose of
a BOF is to make sure that a good charter with good milestones can be a BOF is to make sure that a good charter with good milestones can be
created, that there are enough people willing to do the work needed in order created, that there are enough people willing to do the work needed in order
to create standards, and that any standards would get adoption. Often a to create standards, and that any standards would get adoption. Often a
self-selected group of key people will get together after the BOF to self-selected group of key people will get together after the BOF to
refine the draft charter.</t> refine the draft charter.</t>
<t>Generally, there are only two BOF meetings allowed for the same topic
<t>Generally, there are only two BOF meetings allowed for the same topic. .
Sometimes it is obvious after one meeting that a WG should be created, and Sometimes it is obvious after one meeting that a WG should be created, and
sometimes it is obvious a WG would not be successful.</t> sometimes it is obvious a WG would not be successful.</t>
<t>If you have a draft already written, you can submit it to the relevan
<t>If you have a draft already written, you can submit it to the relevant t
“dispatch” WG. Each area has one of these. Their job is to review submitted "dispatch" WG. Each area has one of these. Their job is to review submitted
documents, and come to a decision about the next steps: possibilities include documents, and come to a decision about the next steps: possibilities include
create a new WG, send to an existing WG, hold a BOF, and so on.</t> create a new WG, send to an existing WG, hold a BOF, and so on.</t>
<t>An advantage of using the dispatch WG compared to a BOF is that the
<t>An advantage of using the dispatch WG compared to a BOF is that the
discussion is more limited and focused. On the other hand, a draft might discussion is more limited and focused. On the other hand, a draft might
tend to limit what the other folks in the BOF want to do in the charter. tend to limit what the other folks in the BOF want to do in the charter.
Remember that most BOFs are held in order to get support for an eventual Remember that most BOFs are held in order to get support for an eventual
Working Group, not to get support for a particular document.</t> Working Group, not to get support for a particular document.</t>
</section>
</section> <section anchor="rfcs-and-internet-drafts" numbered="false" toc="default">
<section anchor="rfcs-and-internet-drafts" title="6 RFCs and Internet-Drafts"> <name>6 RFCs and Internet-Drafts</name>
<t>This section discusses Internet-Drafts and RFCs in the IETF stream, t
<t>This section discusses Internet-Drafts and RFCs in the IETF stream, that is, hat is,
it describes how documents are produced and advanced within the IETF. For a it describes how documents are produced and advanced within the IETF. For a
brief note on other RFC streams, see above.</t> brief note on other RFC streams, see above.</t>
<t>If you're a new IETF participant and are looking for a particular RFC
<t>If you’re a new IETF participant and are looking for a particular RFC or or
Internet-Draft, you can use the IETF <spanx style="emph">Datatracker</spanx>. Th Internet-Draft, you can use the IETF <em>Datatracker</em>. This website, <eref t
is website, <eref target="https://datatracker.ietf.org/">https://datatracker.iet arget="https://datatracker.ietf.org/">https://datatracker.ietf.org/</eref>,
f.org/</eref>,
has a text search capability (including content, keywords, author, and so has a text search capability (including content, keywords, author, and so
on), and the search results point to the document status, page count, and on), and the search results point to the document status, page count, and
other useful information. A little-known hint is that <spanx style="emph">dt.iet other useful information. A little-known hint is that <em>dt.ietf.org</em> is an
f.org</spanx> is an abbreviation (a DNS CNAME entry) for the longer "datatracker.ietf.org"
abbreviation (a DNS CNAME entry) for the longer “datatracker.ietf.org”
hostname.</t> hostname.</t>
<t>Most RFCs in the IETF stream follow the same process, and the section
<t>Most RFCs in the IETF stream follow the same process, and the sections s
below discuss the process and some of the issues. Note that there are below discuss the process and some of the issues. Note that there are
<eref target="https://www.ietf.org/about/participate/get-started/#officialdocume <eref target="https://www.ietf.org/about/participate/get-started/#officialdocume
nts">other ways to get an RFC published</eref> nts">other ways to get an RFC published</eref>, particularly if it is not intend
, particularly if it is not intended ed
for the standards track. For the sake of brevity, we will not mention for the standards track. For the sake of brevity, we will not mention
those here. After all, this document is about “the Way of the IETF” those here. After all, this document is about "the Way of the IETF"
and the main Way is “developing standards.”</t> and the main Way is "developing standards."</t>
<t>If you are interested in learning more about how to author an Interne
<t>If you are interested in learning more about how to author an Internet-Draft t-Draft
yourself, the](https://authors.ietf.org)I-D Authors website yourself, the <eref target="https://authors.ietf.org">I-D Authors website</eref>
has a lot of information and resources, including pointers to online tools has a lot of information and resources, including pointers to online tools
that can help.</t> that can help.</t>
<section anchor="the-overall-process" numbered="false" toc="default">
<section anchor="the-overall-process" title="6.1 The Overall Process"> <name>6.1 The Overall Process</name>
<t>The very first step is to have a draft document. Internet-Drafts
<t>The very first step is to have a draft document. Internet-Drafts
should follow a specific format, and are required to have particular should follow a specific format, and are required to have particular
sections. This will be discussed more](#6-3)below.</t> sections. This will be discussed more <xref target="writing-an-internet-draft" f
ormat="none">below</xref>.</t>
<t>RFCs are generally written by a Working Group. If an appropriate <t>RFCs are generally written by a Working Group. If an appropriate
WG doesn’t seem to exist, then the](#5)BOF or Dispatch WG doesn't seem to exist, then the <xref target="bofs-and-dispatching" format="n
process mentioned above can be used to learn which one is appropriate, one">BOF or Dispatch
process</xref> mentioned above can be used to learn which one is appropriate,
or start the process to create one.</t> or start the process to create one.</t>
<t>Once a potential WG exists, the document must be <em>adopted</em>.
<t>Once a potential WG exists, the document must be <spanx style="emph">adopted< To do this, you
/spanx>. To do this, you
submit your individual draft to the datatracker. It should start with submit your individual draft to the datatracker. It should start with
<spanx style="verb">draft-YOURNAME-brief-subject</spanx> where <spanx style="emp h">YOURNAME</spanx> is your name. Send a note to <tt>draft-YOURNAME-brief-subject</tt> where <em>YOURNAME</em> is your name. Send a note to
the WG mailing list, with an introduction to the draft, and why you think it the WG mailing list, with an introduction to the draft, and why you think it
is appropriate. After any discusison, the WG Chair will issue a <spanx style="em is appropriate. After any discussion, the WG Chair will issue a <em>call for
ph">call for adoption</em>. If consensus is to adopt the draft, you will be asked to submit
adoption</spanx>. If consensus is to adopt the draft, you will be asked to submi it with the name <tt>draft-ietf-WGNAME-brief-subject</tt>; you can probably gues
t s
it with the name <spanx style="verb">draft-ietf-WGNAME-brief-subject</spanx>; yo what <em>WGNAME</em> should be.</t>
u can probably guess <t>Note that as part of submitting an Internet Draft according to the
what <spanx style="emph">WGNAME</spanx> should be.</t> rules, you
<t>Note that as part of submitting an Internet Draft according to the rules, you
grant the IETF certain rights. These rights give the IETF the ability to grant the IETF certain rights. These rights give the IETF the ability to
reliably build upon the work you have brought forward. These rights are held reliably build upon the work you have brought forward. These rights are held
by the IETF Trust. <eref target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc5378.html">BC P 78</eref> by the IETF Trust. <eref target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc5378.html">BC P 78</eref>
explains the certain rights the IETF Trust takes on for submissions.</t> explains the certain rights the IETF Trust takes on for submissions.</t>
<t>Once a WG adopt a document, the WG as a whole has the right of "cha
<t>Once a WG adopt a document, the WG as a whole has the right of “change nge
control.” This means the WG, can make any changes to the document, the one control." This means the WG, can make any changes to the document, the one
you initially wrote, that they want. If you are not comfortable with this, you initially wrote, that they want. If you are not comfortable with this,
then the IETF is not the place for your document. There are a few more then the IETF is not the place for your document. There are a few more
details on this below.</t> details on this below.</t>
<t>The WG now "works on" the document. This will be a combination of
<t>The WG now “works on” the document. This will be a combination of
mailing list discussion, perhaps agenda time at a meeting, and publishing mailing list discussion, perhaps agenda time at a meeting, and publishing
updated drafts. (Every draft ends with <spanx style="emph">-NN</spanx> where the digits indicate updated drafts. (Every draft ends with <em>-NN</em> where the digits indicate
the draft number.)</t> the draft number.)</t>
<t>At some point, the document will seem finished. The WG Chair will p
<t>At some point, the document will seem finished. The WG Chair will put the ut the
document in <spanx style="emph">WG Last Call</spanx> (WGLC) which gives the memb document in <em>WG Last Call</em> (WGLC) which gives the members of the WG a cha
ers of the WG a chance nce
for last-minute changes. It can be frustrating to get a bunch of changes for last-minute changes. It can be frustrating to get a bunch of changes
after you think you’re done, but don’t take it personally. Like many things, after you think you're done, but don't take it personally. Like many things,
people are often deadline-driven.</t> people are often deadline-driven.</t>
<t>After WGLC, the responsible AD (the one who oversees the WG) does a
<t>After WGLC, the responsible AD (the one who oversees the WG) does a review. review.
They will probably have comments that must be resolved by you and the WG; They will probably have comments that must be resolved by you and the WG;
it’s quite likely you’ll have to publish a new draft. Then the IESG and it's quite likely you'll have to publish a new draft. Then the IESG and
the overall IETF reviews the draft, as mentioned above. the overall IETF reviews the draft, as mentioned above.
The purpose of IETF Last Call is to get community-wide discussion on The purpose of IETF Last Call is to get community-wide discussion on
documents before the IESG considers them. Note the word <spanx style="emph">disc ussion</spanx> here. It documents before the IESG considers them. Note the word <em>discussion</em> here . It
is generally considered bad form to send IETF Last Call comments on documents is generally considered bad form to send IETF Last Call comments on documents
that you have not read, or to send comments but not be prepared to discuss that you have not read, or to send comments but not be prepared to discuss
your views. The IETF Last Call is not a vote. Having said that, IETF Last your views. The IETF Last Call is not a vote. Having said that, IETF Last
Call comments that come from people who have just read the document for the Call comments that come from people who have just read the document for the
first time can expose issues that IETF and WG regulars may have completely first time can expose issues that IETF and WG regulars may have completely
missed, which is why the discussion is open to everyone.</t> missed, which is why the discussion is open to everyone.</t>
<t>Finally, the draft is given to the RFC Production Center (RPC), and
<t>Finally, the draft is given to the RFC Production Center (RPC), and prepared prepared
for publication. There might be other changes required, including reviews by for publication. There might be other changes required, including reviews by
IANA for registrations and the like. The most common item you’ll hear about IANA for registrations and the like. The most common item you'll hear about
this is <spanx style="emph">AUTH48</spanx> state, which means the document is in this is <em>AUTH48</em> state, which means the document is in the final stages o
the final stages of f
copy-editing by the RPC and you. The publication process can take weeks, copy-editing by the RPC and you. The publication process can take weeks,
but be patient, and you’ll eventually see an email announcement saying but be patient, and you'll eventually see an email announcement saying
that your brand-new RFC has been published. Congratulations!</t> that your brand-new RFC has been published. Congratulations!</t>
<t>A much more complete explanation of these steps is contained in <er
<t>A much more complete explanation of these steps is contained in <eref target= ef target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/bcp9">BCP 9</eref>.
"https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/bcp9">BCP 9</eref>.
This set of documents goes into great detail on a topic that is This set of documents goes into great detail on a topic that is
very often misunderstood, even by seasoned IETF participants: different types very often misunderstood, even by seasoned IETF participants: different types
of RFCs go through different processes and have different rankings.</t> of RFCs go through different processes and have different rankings.</t>
</section>
</section> <section anchor="common-issues" numbered="false" toc="default">
<section anchor="common-issues" title="6.2 Common Issues"> <name>6.2 Common Issues</name>
<t>There are two major issues that often come up while preparing I-Ds:
<t>There are two major issues that often come up while preparing I-Ds:
copyright and patents.</t> copyright and patents.</t>
<t>We discussed copyright above, but expand on it here. When the IETF
<t>We discussed copyright above, but expand on it here. When the IETF adopts a adopts an
Internet-Draft, it is required that the <spanx style="emph">boilerplate</spanx>, Internet-Draft, it is required that the <em>boilerplate</em>, the common text th
the common text that at
appears in every draft, has a notice that says the IETF, <spanx style="emph">and appears in every draft, has a notice that says the IETF, <em>and the document
the document authors</em> own the copyright. This means that while the IETF can do what it
authors</spanx> own the copyright. This means that while the IETF can do what it
wants with the document, within limitations so can you. You cannot, for wants with the document, within limitations so can you. You cannot, for
example, claim this is an IETF standard, nor use the IETF trademarks.</t> example, claim this is an IETF standard, nor use the IETF trademarks.</t>
<t>Incidentally, the change control on Internet standards doesn't end
<t>Incidentally, the change control on Internet standards doesn’t end when the when the
RFC is published. Things can be changed later for a number of reasons, such RFC is published. Things can be changed later for a number of reasons, such
as to solve a newly-discovered problem or address new use-cases. These later as to solve a newly-discovered problem or address new use-cases. These later
changes are also under the control of the IETF, not the editors of the changes are also under the control of the IETF, not the editors of the
standards document.</t> standards document.</t>
<t>The second issue is patents. The goal of the IETF is to have its st
<t>The second issue is patents. The goal of the IETF is to have its standards andards
widely used and validated by the marketplace. If creating a product that widely used and validated by the marketplace. If creating a product that
uses a standard requires getting a license for a patent, people are less uses a standard requires getting a license for a patent, people are less
likely to implement the standard. Not surprisingly, then, the general rule likely to implement the standard. Not surprisingly, then, the general rule
has been “use good non-patented technology where possible.”</t> has been "use good non-patented technology where possible."</t>
<t>Of course, this isn't always possible. Sometimes patents appear aft
<t>Of course, this isn’t always possible. Sometimes patents appear after a er a
standard has been established and there is little the IETF can do about that. standard has been established and there is little the IETF can do about that.
Sometimes there’s a patent on something that is so valuable that there isn’t Sometimes there's a patent on something that is so valuable that there isn't
a non-patented equivalent, and generally the IETF tries to avoid it.</t> a non-patented equivalent, and generally the IETF tries to avoid it.</t>
<t>Sometimes the patent holder is generous and promises to give all im
<t>Sometimes the patent holder is generous and promises to give all implementors plementors
of a standard a royalty-free license to the patent, thereby making it almost of a standard a royalty-free license to the patent, thereby making it almost
as easy to implement as it would have been if no patent existed. Ideally, as easy to implement as it would have been if no patent existed. Ideally,
and this is the common case when a patent-holder is active in a document, and this is the common case when a patent-holder is active in a document,
the patent holder will grant free use of the patent to implement the the patent holder will grant free use of the patent to implement the
specification.</t> specification.</t>
<t>The official rules for all intellectual property rights (IPR) in
<t>The official rules for all intellectual property rights (IPR) in
IETF documents, not just patents but also code samples and the like, IETF documents, not just patents but also code samples and the like,
are covered in <eref target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/bcp78">BCP 78</eref > and are covered in <eref target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/bcp78">BCP 78</eref > and
<eref target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/bcp79">BCP 79</eref>.</t> <eref target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/bcp79">BCP 79</eref>.</t>
<t>If you are writing an Internet-Draft and you know of a patent that
<t>If you are writing an Internet-Draft and you know of a patent that applies to applies to
the technology you’re writing about, don’t list the patent in the document. the technology you're writing about, don't list the patent in the document.
Instead, consult the <eref target="https://datatracker.ietf.org/ipr/about/">IPR disclosures</eref> page. If you still have issues, consult with the WG Chair or Instead, consult the <eref target="https://datatracker.ietf.org/ipr/about/">IPR disclosures</eref> page. If you still have issues, consult with the WG Chair or
the responsible AD. Intellectual property rights aren’t mentioned in RFCs the responsible AD. Intellectual property rights aren't mentioned in RFCs
because RFCs never change after they are published, while knowledge of IPR because RFCs never change after they are published, while knowledge of IPR
can change at any time. Therefore, an IPR list in an RFC could be incomplete can change at any time. Therefore, an IPR list in an RFC could be incomplete
and mislead the reader. <eref target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/bcp79">BCP 79</eref> provides specific text that should be added to RFCs where the author and mislead the reader. <eref target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/bcp79">BCP 79</eref> provides specific text that should be added to RFCs where the author
knows of IPR issues.</t> knows of IPR issues.</t>
</section>
</section> <section anchor="writing-an-internet-draft" numbered="false" toc="defaul
<section anchor="writing-an-internet-draft" title="6.3 Writing an Internet-Draft t">
"> <name>6.3 Writing an Internet-Draft</name>
<t>Every RFC starts its life as an I-D. Internet-Drafts have the same
<t>Every RFC starts its life as an I-D. Internet-Drafts have the same format as format as an RFC,
an RFC,
and are required to have all the content that should appear in the RFC. This and are required to have all the content that should appear in the RFC. This
includes a couple of sections detailed below. A draft may also have more includes a couple of sections detailed below. A draft may also have more
information, such as an incremental list of changes from previous versions of information, such as an incremental list of changes from previous versions of
the draft, or pointers to online locations for raising issues and suggesting the draft, or pointers to online locations for raising issues and suggesting
changes.</t> changes.</t>
<t>For the past several years, the official canonical source of RFCs a
<t>For the past several years, the official canonical source of RFCs as <eref ta s <eref target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7991">RFC 7991: The "xml2rfc"
rget="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7991">RFC 7991: The “xml2rfc” Version 3 Version 3 Vocabulary</eref>. Some people enjoy writing in XML, and some don't.
Vocabulary</eref>. Some people enjoy writing in XML, and some don’t.
An alternative for the second group is to use a specific dialect of markdown, An alternative for the second group is to use a specific dialect of markdown,
which is then converted to XML as needed (and especially during the which is then converted to XML as needed (and especially during the
publication process). A recent trend is the increasing use of markdown, and publication process). A recent trend is the increasing use of markdown, and
hosting I-Ds on GitHub to attract a wider audience of Internet-savvy users. hosting I-Ds on GitHub to attract a wider audience of Internet-savvy users.
Some information on this can be found at Some information on this can be found at
<eref target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8874">RFC 8874: Working Group G itHub Usage Guidance</eref>.</t> <eref target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8874">RFC 8874: Working Group G itHub Usage Guidance</eref>.</t>
<t>The IETF is setting up a new site, <eref target="https://authors.ie
<t>The IETF is setting up a new site, <eref target="https://authors.ietf.org">ht tf.org">https://authors.ietf.org</eref>,
tps://authors.ietf.org</eref>,
to contain guides and online tools to help both new and experienced authors. to contain guides and online tools to help both new and experienced authors.
As of this writing, it’s still a draft but it does contain a great As of this writing, it's still a draft but it does contain a great
deal of useful content. You should feel free to use the site, and offer feedback .</t> deal of useful content. You should feel free to use the site, and offer feedback .</t>
<t>Outside of the formatting decision, the most important document you
<t>Outside of the formatting decision, the most important document you can can
read is [Guidelines to Authors of Internet-Drafts]((https://www.ietf.org/how/ids read is <eref target="https://www.ietf.org/how/ids/guidelines">Guidelines to Aut
/guidelines). hors of Internet-Drafts</eref>.
That document explains the naming conventions, formatting requirements, That document explains the naming conventions, formatting requirements,
required content, and details of how to submit (also called <spanx style="emph"> post</spanx>) your required content, and details of how to submit (also called <em>post</em>) your
draft.</t> draft.</t>
<section anchor="internet-draft-language" numbered="false" toc="defaul
<section anchor="internet-draft-language" title="6.3.1 Internet-Draft Language"> t">
<name>6.3.1 Internet-Draft Language</name>
<t>It is common for Internet-Drafts that revise existing RFCs to have draft <t>It is common for Internet-Drafts that revise existing RFCs to hav
names with “bis” in them, meaning “again” or “twice.” For example, a draft e draft
might be called “draft-ietf-uta-rfc6125bis” meaning that this is intended to names with "bis" in them, meaning "again" or "twice." For example, a draft
might be called "draft-ietf-uta-rfc6125bis" meaning that this is intended to
be a revision of, and eventual replacement for, RFC6125.</t> be a revision of, and eventual replacement for, RFC6125.</t>
<t>Writing clear specifications can be a bit of an art, particularly
<t>Writing clear specifications can be a bit of an art, particularly for people for people
who don’t have English as their native language. You can keep the who don't have English as their native language. You can keep the
specification very short, with just a list of requirements, but that tends to specification very short, with just a list of requirements, but that tends to
cause implementors to take too much leeway. If you instead make the cause implementors to take too much leeway. If you instead make the
specification very wordy with lots of suggestions, implementors tend to miss specification very wordy with lots of suggestions, implementors tend to miss
the requirements (and often disagree with your suggestions anyway). An the requirements (and often disagree with your suggestions anyway). An
optimal specification is somewhere in between.</t> optimal specification is somewhere in between.</t>
<t>One way to make it more likely that developers will create intero
<t>One way to make it more likely that developers will create interoperable perable
implementations of standards is to be clear about what’s being mandated in a implementations of standards is to be clear about what's being mandated in a
specification. Over time, the IETF has realized that defining a few words specification. Over time, the IETF has realized that defining a few words
with specific meanings helps a great deal. <eref target="https://www.rfc-editor. org/info/bcp79">BCP 14</eref> defines about a dozen keywords that can be used to clarify what are with specific meanings helps a great deal. <eref target="https://www.rfc-editor. org/info/bcp14">BCP 14</eref> defines about a dozen keywords that can be used to clarify what are
requirements, as compared to what is purely informative. requirements, as compared to what is purely informative.
It defines the meaning of words like <spanx style="emph">MUST</spanx> and points out that it It defines the meaning of words like <em>MUST</em> and points out that it
has to appear in all uppercase to its special meaning.</t> has to appear in all uppercase to its special meaning.</t>
<t>It is not uncommon for feedback on standards-track I-Ds to questi
<t>It is not uncommon for feedback on standards-track I-Ds to question on
the particular uses of what is called “2119 language.” For example, the particular uses of what is called "2119 language." For example,
“The document says MAY but doesn’t explain why not; should it be "The document says MAY but doesn't explain why not; should it be
a MUST?”</t> a MUST?"</t>
</section>
</section> <section anchor="about-references" numbered="false" toc="default">
<section anchor="about-references" title="6.3.2 About References"> <name>6.3.2 About References</name>
<t>One aspect of writing IETF standards that trips up many newcomers
<t>One aspect of writing IETF standards that trips up many newcomers is the rule is the rule
about how to make <spanx style="emph">normative references</spanx> to non-IETF d about how to make <em>normative references</em> to non-IETF documents or to othe
ocuments or to other r
RFCs in a standard. A normative reference is a reference to a document that RFCs in a standard. A normative reference is a reference to a document that
must be followed in order to implement the standard. A non-normative must be followed in order to implement the standard. A non-normative
reference (sometimes called an <spanx style="emph">informative reference</spanx> ) is one that is reference (sometimes called an <em>informative reference</em>) is one that is
helpful to an implementor but not strictly needed to implement it.</t> helpful to an implementor but not strictly needed to implement it.</t>
<t>An IETF standard may make a normative reference to any other stan
<t>An IETF standard may make a normative reference to any other standards-track dards-track
RFC that is at the same standards level or higher, or to any “open standard” RFC that is at the same standards level or higher, or to any "open standard"
that has been developed outside the IETF. The “same level or higher” rule that has been developed outside the IETF. The "same level or higher" rule
means that before a standard can move from Proposed to Internet Standard, all means that before a standard can move from Proposed to Internet Standard, all
of the RFCs that appear as a normative reference must also be an Internet of the RFCs that appear as a normative reference must also be an Internet
Standard. This rule gives implementors assurance that everything in a Standard. This rule gives implementors assurance that everything in an
Internet standard is quite stable, even the things referenced outside the Internet standard is quite stable, even the things referenced outside the
standard. This rule, and its exceptions, is described in <eref target="https://w ww.rfc-editor.org/info/bcp97">BCP 97</eref>.</t> standard. This rule, and its exceptions, is described in <eref target="https://w ww.rfc-editor.org/info/bcp97">BCP 97</eref>.</t>
<t>There is no hard-and-fast rule about what is an "open standard",
<t>There is no hard-and-fast rule about what is an “open standard”, but but
generally this means a stable standard that was made by a generally this means a stable standard that was made by a
generally-recognized SDO, and that anyone can get a copy of, although not generally-recognized SDO, and that anyone can get a copy of, although not
necessarily for free. If the external standard changes, you have to necessarily for free. If the external standard changes, you have to
reference the particular instantiation of that standard in your reference the particular instantiation of that standard in your
specification, as with a designation of the date of the standard. Some specification, as with a designation of the date of the standard. Some
external standards bodies don’t make old standards available, which is a external standards bodies don't make old standards available, which is a
problem for IETF standards that need to be used in the future. When in doubt, problem for IETF standards that need to be used in the future. When in doubt,
ask the WG chair or AD if a particular external standard can be used in an ask the WG chair or AD if a particular external standard can be used in an
IETF standard.</t> IETF standard.</t>
</section>
</section> <section anchor="about-required-content" numbered="false" toc="default
<section anchor="about-required-content" title="6.3.3 About Required Content"> ">
<name>6.3.3 About Required Content</name>
<t>Every draft is required to have some content. Some of this is boilerplate <t>Every draft is required to have some content. Some of this is boi
text about copyright, “2119 keyword,” and so on. The document formatting lerplate
text about copyright, "2119 keyword," and so on. The document formatting
tools will generate this for you automatically if you use the right keyword. tools will generate this for you automatically if you use the right keyword.
In addition, there are special sections that might be required for your In addition, there are special sections that might be required for your
draft, and you (and the WG) will have to write them.</t> draft, and you (and the WG) will have to write them.</t>
<t>Many IETF standards have extension points, such as unassigned fie
<t>Many IETF standards have extension points, such as unassigned fields in lds in
a message header, or for something like email or HTTP, an actual message a message header, or for something like email or HTTP, an actual message
header. As](#2-2-4)mentioned above, IANA maintains online header. As <xref target="internet-assigned-numbers-authority-iana" format="none" >mentioned above</xref>, IANA maintains online
registries for these. Because of the large and diverse kinds of registries registries for these. Because of the large and diverse kinds of registries
that standards require, IANA needs to have specific information about how to that standards require, IANA needs to have specific information about how to
register parameters, what not to register, who (if anyone) approves any register parameters, what not to register, who (if anyone) approves any
registration requests, and so on.</t> registration requests, and so on.</t>
<t>Anyone writing a draft that needs one or more registries, or adds
<t>Anyone writing a draft that needs one or more registries, or adds values to values to
existing registries must have an “IANA Considerations” section. Authors existing registries must have an "IANA Considerations" section. Authors
should read <eref target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/bcp26">BCP 26</eref>, should read <eref target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/bcp26">BCP 26</eref>,
“Guidelines for Writing an IANA Considerations Section in RFCs,” which "Guidelines for Writing an IANA Considerations Section in RFCs," which
describes how to properly ask for IANA to make the changes requested in their describes how to properly ask for IANA to make the changes requested in their
draft. If there are no considerations, it is a good idea to have the section draft. If there are no considerations, it is a good idea to have the section
and explicitly say “This document has no IANA requests.”</t> and explicitly say "This document has no IANA requests."</t>
<t>Every draft must have a "Security Considerations" section. This d
<t>Every draft must have a “Security Considerations” section. This describes escribes
possible threats or attacks, known vulnerabilities, information that could be possible threats or attacks, known vulnerabilities, information that could be
exposed, and so on. It should also describe any strategies or mechanisms to exposed, and so on. It should also describe any strategies or mechanisms to
mitigate them. When the security directorate (SECDIR) reviews your draft, mitigate them. When the security directorate (SECDIR) reviews your draft,
this section will be one of their major focuses. Don’t gloss over the this section will be one of their major focuses. Don't gloss over the
section, or say things like “use TLS to get security” without explaining how section, or say things like "use TLS to get security" without explaining how
the protocol uses TLS and what it provides. See <eref target="https://www.rfc-ed the protocol uses TLS and what it provides. See <eref target="https://www.rfc-ed
itor.org/info/bcp72">BCP 72</eref>, “Guidelines for itor.org/info/bcp72">BCP 72</eref>, "Guidelines for
Writing RFC Text on Security Considerations”, for more information on writing Writing RFC Text on Security Considerations", for more information on writing
good security considerations sections.</t> good security considerations sections.</t>
<t>Also, a draft might have a "Privacy Considerations" section.
<t>Also, a draft might have a “Privacy Considerations” section.
An Informational RFC, An Informational RFC,
<eref target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6973">RFC 6973: Privacy Conside rations for Internet Protocols</eref>, written by the <eref target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6973">RFC 6973: Privacy Conside rations for Internet Protocols</eref>, written by the
IAB, is intended to raise the general awareness of privacy on the IAB, is intended to raise the general awareness of privacy on the
Internet. It also provides advice for when a draft should have an Internet. It also provides advice for when a draft should have an
explicit privacy section.</t> explicit privacy section.</t>
<t>Some drafts benefit from having an "Implementation Status" sectio
<t>Some drafts benefit from having an “Implementation Status” section, n,
as explained by](https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7942) as explained by <eref target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7942">
BCP 205: Improving Awareness of Running Code: The Implementation Status BCP 205: Improving Awareness of Running Code: The Implementation Status
Section.</t> Section</eref>.</t>
<t>More detail on the required content can be found
<t>More detail on the required content can be found
<eref target="https://authors.ietf.org/en/required-content">online</eref>.</t> <eref target="https://authors.ietf.org/en/required-content">online</eref>.</t>
</section>
</section> </section>
</section> <section anchor="standards-track-rfcs" numbered="false" toc="default">
<section anchor="standards-track-rfcs" title="6.4 Standards-Track RFCs"> <name>6.4 Standards-Track RFCs</name>
<t>If the IESG approves the draft to become a standards-track RFC, the
<t>If the IESG approves the draft to become a standards-track RFC, they ask the y ask the
RPC to publish it as a <spanx style="emph">Proposed Standard</spanx>.</t> RPC to publish it as a <em>Proposed Standard</em>.</t>
<t>Don't be surprised if a particular standard doesn't progress from P
<t>Don’t be surprised if a particular standard doesn’t progress from Proposed roposed
Standard to Internet Standard. To become an Internet Standard, an RFC must Standard to Internet Standard. To become an Internet Standard, an RFC must
have multiple interoperable implementations and the unused features in the have multiple interoperable implementations and the unused features in the
Proposed Standard must be removed; there are additional requirements listed Proposed Standard must be removed; there are additional requirements listed
in <eref target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/bcp9">BCP 9</eref>. Most of the in <eref target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/bcp9">BCP 9</eref>. Most of the
protocols in common use are Proposed standards and never move forward. This protocols in common use are Proposed standards and never move forward. This
may be because no one took the time to try to get them to Internet Standard, may be because no one took the time to try to get them to Internet Standard,
or some of the normative references in the standard are still at Proposed or some of the normative references in the standard are still at Proposed
standard, or it may be that everyone found more important things to do.</t> standard, or it may be that everyone found more important things to do.</t>
</section>
</section> <section anchor="rfcs-other-than-standards-track" numbered="false" toc="
<section anchor="rfcs-other-than-standards-track" title="6.5 RFCs Other than Sta default">
ndards-Track"> <name>6.5 RFCs Other than Standards-Track</name>
<t>As mentioned earlier, not all RFCs are standards. In fact, many imp
<t>As mentioned earlier, not all RFCs are standards. In fact, many important ortant
RFCs are not on the standards track at all. At the time of writing, there RFCs are not on the standards track at all. At the time of writing, there
are also categories for Informational, Experimental, Best Current Practice, are also categories for Informational, Experimental, Best Current Practice,
and Historical for standards that are no longer recommended for use. The and Historical for standards that are no longer recommended for use. The
role of Informational RFCs can be confusing, and people sometimes refer to role of Informational RFCs can be confusing, and people sometimes refer to
them as “standards,” when they are not.</t> them as "standards," when they are not.</t>
<t>Experimental RFCs are for specifications that are interesting, but
<t>Experimental RFCs are for specifications that are interesting, but for which for which
it is unclear if there will be widespead deployment, or if they will scale to it is unclear if there will be widespread deployment, or if they will scale to
work after such deployment. That is, a specification might solve a problem, work after such deployment. That is, a specification might solve a problem,
but there might not be IETF consensus that the problem is worth solving or but there might not be IETF consensus that the problem is worth solving or
that the specification is complete enough to address the problem. that the specification is complete enough to address the problem.
Experimental RFCs are also used to get people to experiment with a technology Experimental RFCs are also used to get people to experiment with a technology
that looks like it might be standards-track material, but for which there are that looks like it might be standards-track material, but for which there are
still unanswered questions.</t> still unanswered questions.</t>
<t>The IESG has created
<t>The IESG has created
<eref target="https://www.ietf.org/standards/process/informational-vs-experiment al/">guidelines</eref> that can help choose between Informational and Experiment al classification. This is a short informal read, and if are not sure where <eref target="https://www.ietf.org/standards/process/informational-vs-experiment al/">guidelines</eref> that can help choose between Informational and Experiment al classification. This is a short informal read, and if are not sure where
your document fits, it is worth reading.</t> your document fits, it is worth reading.</t>
<t>Finally, there are two sub-series of RFCs: Best Current Practice
<t>Finally, there are two sub-series of RFCs: Best Current Practice
(BCP) and Internet Standards (STD). BCP describes the application of various (BCP) and Internet Standards (STD). BCP describes the application of various
technologies in the Internet, and are also commonly used to document the many technologies in the Internet, and are also commonly used to document the many
parts of the IETF process. The STD sub-series was created to identify RFCs parts of the IETF process. The STD sub-series was created to identify RFCs
that do in fact specify Internet standards.</t> that do in fact specify Internet standards.</t>
<t>These are an example of the aphorism that everything in computer sc
<t>These are an example of the aphorism that everything in computer science can ience can
be solved by a layer of indirection. For example, a single BCP can refer to be solved by a layer of indirection. For example, a single BCP can refer to
one or more RFCs, and the specific RFCs can change such as when a new version one or more RFCs, and the specific RFCs can change such as when a new version
of a protocol is published. Likewise, some STDs are actually of a protocol is published. Likewise, some STDs are actually
sets of more than one RFC, and the “standard” designation applies to the sets of more than one RFC, and the "standard" designation applies to the
whole set of documents.</t> whole set of documents.</t>
</section>
</section> </section>
</section> <section anchor="how-to-contribute-to-the-ietf" numbered="false" toc="defa
<section anchor="how-to-contribute-to-the-ietf" title="7 How to Contribute to th ult">
e IETF"> <name>7 How to Contribute to the IETF</name>
<section anchor="what-you-can-do" numbered="false" toc="default">
<section anchor="what-you-can-do" title="7.1 What You Can Do"> <name>7.1 What You Can Do</name>
<t><strong>Read:</strong> Review the Internet-Drafts in your area of e
<t><spanx style="strong">Read:</spanx> Review the Internet-Drafts in your area o xpertise and comment on
f expertise and comment on
them in the Working Groups. Participate in the discussion in a friendly, them in the Working Groups. Participate in the discussion in a friendly,
helpful fashion, with the goal being the best Internet standards possible. helpful fashion, with the goal being the best Internet standards possible.
Listen much more than you speak. If you disagree, debate the technical Listen much more than you speak. If you disagree, debate the technical
issues: never attack the people.</t> issues: never attack the people.</t>
<t><strong>Implement:</strong> Write programs that use the current Int
<t><spanx style="strong">Implement:</spanx> Write programs that use the current ernet standards. The
Internet standards. The standards aren't worth much unless they are available to Internet users.
standards aren’t worth much unless they are available to Internet users. Implement even the "minor" standards, since they will become less minor if
Implement even the “minor” standards, since they will become less minor if
they appear in more software. Report any problems you find with the standards they appear in more software. Report any problems you find with the standards
to the appropriate Working Group so that the standard can be clarified in to the appropriate Working Group so that the standard can be clarified in
later revisions. Remember the tenet, “rough consensus and running code,” later revisions. Remember the tenet, "rough consensus and running code,"
so you can help support the standards you want to become more so you can help support the standards you want to become more
widespread by creating more running code. You can help the development of widespread by creating more running code. You can help the development of
protocols before they become standards by implementing I-Ds (but not doing protocols before they become standards by implementing I-Ds (but not doing
wide-spread deployment) to ensure that the authors have done a good job. If wide-spread deployment) to ensure that the authors have done a good job. If
you find errors or omissions, offer improvements based on your implementation you find errors or omissions, offer improvements based on your implementation
experience. A great way to get involved in this is by participating in experience. A great way to get involved in this is by participating in
the Hackathons.</t> the Hackathons.</t>
<t><strong>Write:</strong> Edit or co-author Internet-Drafts in your a
<t><spanx style="strong">Write:</spanx> Edit or co-author Internet-Drafts in you rea of expertise. Do
r area of expertise. Do
this for the benefit of the Internet community, not to get your name (or, this for the benefit of the Internet community, not to get your name (or,
even worse, your company’s name) on a document. Draft authors receive kinds even worse, your company's name) on a document. Draft authors receive kinds
of technical (and, sadly, sometimes personal) criticism. Take the technical of technical (and, sadly, sometimes personal) criticism. Take the technical
comments with equanimity and use it to improve your draft in order to produce comments with equanimity and use it to improve your draft in order to produce
the best and most interoperable standard, and ignore the personal ones.</t> the best and most interoperable standard, and ignore the personal ones.</t>
</section>
</section> <section anchor="what-your-company-can-do" numbered="false" toc="default
<section anchor="what-your-company-can-do" title="7.2 What Your Company Can Do"> ">
<name>7.2 What Your Company Can Do</name>
<t><spanx style="strong">Share:</spanx> Avoid proprietary standards. If you are <t><strong>Share:</strong> Avoid proprietary standards. If you are an
an implementor, exhibit a implementor, exhibit a
strong preference for IETF standards. If the IETF standards aren’t as good as strong preference for IETF standards. If the IETF standards aren't as good as
the proprietary standards, work to make the IETF standards better. If you’re the proprietary standards, work to make the IETF standards better. If you're
a purchaser, avoid products that use proprietary standards that compete with a purchaser, avoid products that use proprietary standards that compete with
the open standards of the IETF and tell the vendors that you are doing so.</t> the open standards of the IETF and tell the vendors that you are doing so.</t>
<t><strong>Open Up:</strong> If your company owns a patent that is use
<t><spanx style="strong">Open Up:</spanx> If your company owns a patent that is d in an IETF standard,
used in an IETF standard,
convince the company to make the patent available at no cost to anyone who is convince the company to make the patent available at no cost to anyone who is
implementing the standard. Patents have previously caused many serious implementing the standard. Patents have previously caused many serious
problems for Internet standards because they prevent some companies from problems for Internet standards because they prevent some companies from
being able to freely implement them. Fortunately, many companies have being able to freely implement them. Fortunately, many companies have
generously offered unlimited licenses for particular patents in order to help generously offered unlimited licenses for particular patents in order to help
the IETF standards flourish. These companies are usually rewarded with the IETF standards flourish. These companies are usually rewarded with
positive publicity for the fact that they are not as greedy or short-sighted positive publicity for the fact that they are not as greedy or short-sighted
as other patent-holders.</t> as other patent-holders.</t>
<t><strong>Support:</strong> The IETF has <eref target="https://ietf.o
<t><spanx style="strong">Support:</spanx> The IETF has <eref target="https://iet rg/about/donors/">sponsorship
f.org/about/donors/">sponsorship
opportunities</eref> and opportunities</eref> and
<eref target="https://www.ietf.org/endowment/donate-ietf-endowment/">an endowmen t</eref> <eref target="https://www.ietf.org/endowment/donate-ietf-endowment/">an endowmen t</eref>
which can also take individual-sized donations. which can also take individual-sized donations.
Become a member of ISOC. Urge any company that has Become a member of ISOC. Urge any company that has
benefited from the Internet to contribute, since this has the greatest benefited from the Internet to contribute, since this has the greatest
financial benefit for the group. It will, of course, also benefit the financial benefit for the group. It will, of course, also benefit the
Internet as a whole.</t> Internet as a whole.</t>
</section>
</section> </section>
</section> <section anchor="ietf-and-the-outside-world" numbered="false" toc="default
<section anchor="ietf-and-the-outside-world" title="8 IETF and the Outside World ">
"> <name>8 IETF and the Outside World</name>
<t>While some IETF participants would like to think otherwise, the IETF
<t>While some IETF participants would like to think otherwise, the IETF
does not exist in a standards vacuum. This section discusses two important does not exist in a standards vacuum. This section discusses two important
groups.</t> groups.</t>
<section anchor="ietf-and-other-sdos" numbered="false" toc="default">
<section anchor="ietf-and-other-sdos" title="8.1 IETF and Other SDOs"> <name>8.1 IETF and Other SDOs</name>
<t>There are many other standards organizations whose decisions affect
<t>There are many other standards organizations whose decisions affect the the
Internet. Some of them ignored the Internet for a long time and now want to Internet. Some of them ignored the Internet for a long time and now want to
get a piece of the action. In general, the IETF tries to have cordial get a piece of the action. In general, the IETF tries to have cordial
relationships with other SDOs. This isn’t always easy, since they usually relationships with other SDOs. This isn't always easy, since they usually
have different structures and processes than the IETF does, and the IETF is have different structures and processes than the IETF does, and the IETF is
mostly run by volunteers who would probably prefer to write standards rather mostly run by volunteers who would probably prefer to write standards rather
than meet with representatives from other bodies. Even so, many SDOs make a than meet with representatives from other bodies. Even so, many SDOs make a
great effort to interact well with the IETF despite the obvious cultural great effort to interact well with the IETF despite the obvious cultural
differences.</t> differences.</t>
<t>As stated in <eref target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/bcp39">B
<t>As stated in <eref target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/bcp39">BCP 39</ere CP 39</eref>,
f>,
the IAB Charter: the IAB Charter:
“Liaisons are kept as informal as possible and must be of "Liaisons are kept as informal as possible and must be of
demonstrable value in improving the quality of IETF specifications.” In demonstrable value in improving the quality of IETF specifications." In
practice, the IETF prefers liaisons to take place directly at the WG practice, the IETF prefers liaisons to take place directly at the WG
level, with formal relationships and liaison documents in a backup role. The level, with formal relationships and liaison documents in a backup role. The
best place to check to see whether the IETF has any formal liaison at all is best place to check to see whether the IETF has any formal liaison at all is
the list of <eref target="https://www.ietf.org/about/liaisons">IETF liaisons</er ef>.</t> the list of <eref target="https://www.ietf.org/about/liaisons">IETF liaisons</er ef>.</t>
<t>At the time of this writing, the IETF has around two dozen liaisons
<t>At the time of this writing, the IETF has around two dozen liaisons. Some of . Some of
these liaison tasks fall to the IESG, whereas others fall to the IAB. these liaison tasks fall to the IESG, whereas others fall to the IAB.
Full details about the processes for dealing with other SDOs can be Full details about the processes for dealing with other SDOs can be
found in <eref target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/bcp102">BCP 102</eref> found in <eref target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/bcp102">BCP 102</eref>
and <eref target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/bcp103">BCP 103</eref>.</t> and <eref target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/bcp103">BCP 103</eref>.</t>
</section>
</section> <section anchor="press-coverage-of-the-ietf" numbered="false" toc="defau
<section anchor="press-coverage-of-the-ietf" title="8.2 Press Coverage of the IE lt">
TF"> <name>8.2 Press Coverage of the IETF</name>
<t>Given that the IETF is one of the best-known bodies that is helping
<t>Given that the IETF is one of the best-known bodies that is helping move the move the
Internet forward, it’s natural for the media to cover its actions. But it can Internet forward, it's natural for the media to cover its actions. But it can
be hard to cover the IETF; a common mistake is reporting an individual’s be hard to cover the IETF; a common mistake is reporting an individual's
Internet-Draft as something the IETF is working on, or that the IETF has Internet-Draft as something the IETF is working on, or that the IETF has
approved a new standard when it was an Informational or Individual RFC. approved a new standard when it was an Informational or Individual RFC.
Often, the press is not really to blame for the problem, as they might have Often, the press is not really to blame for the problem, as they might have
been alerted to the story by a company trying to get publicity for a been alerted to the story by a company trying to get publicity for a
protocol, or they see the latest “controversy” on social media.</t> protocol, or they see the latest "controversy" on social media.</t>
<t>Reporters who want to find out about "what the IETF is doing" on a
<t>Reporters who want to find out about “what the IETF is doing” on a particular particular
topic would be well-advised to talk to more than one person who is active on topic would be well-advised to talk to more than one person who is active on
that topic in the IETF, and should probably try to talk to the WG chair in that topic in the IETF, and should probably try to talk to the WG chair in
any case. It’s impossible to determine what will happen with a draft by any case. It's impossible to determine what will happen with a draft by
looking at the draft or talking to the draft’s author. Fortunately, all WGs looking at the draft or talking to the draft's author. Fortunately, all WGs
have archives that a reporter can look through for recent indications about have archives that a reporter can look through for recent indications about
what the progress of a draft is; unfortunately, few reporters have the time what the progress of a draft is; unfortunately, few reporters have the time
or inclination to do this kind of research.</t> or inclination to do this kind of research.</t>
<t>Reporters looking for information about the IETF, or pointers to IE
<t>Reporters looking for information about the IETF, or pointers to IETF TF
participants working on a particular topic relevant to the IETF, should send participants working on a particular topic relevant to the IETF, should send
a message to <eref target="mailto:media@ietf.org">media@ietf.org</eref>, and a f ull a message to <eref target="mailto:media@ietf.org">media@ietf.org</eref>, and a f ull
page of contacts for a variety of needs is available page of contacts for a variety of needs is available
<eref target="https://www.ietf.org/contact/">online</eref>. Replies are usually sent <eref target="https://www.ietf.org/contact/">online</eref>. Replies are usually sent
within a day. Even if a direct answer to a particular query is not available, within a day. Even if a direct answer to a particular query is not available,
pointers to resources or people who can provide more information about a pointers to resources or people who can provide more information about a
topic are often provided.</t> topic are often provided.</t>
</section>
</section>
</section>
</section> <section anchor="acknowledgements" numbered="false" toc="default">
</section> <name>Acknowledgements</name>
</section> <t>The next phase of work to welcome new participants to the IETF builds
<section anchor="security-considerations" title="Security Considerations"> on and gratefully acknowledges everyone who has contributed to the Tao,
and other efforts to help newcomers to the IETF become engaged and
<t>This document has no security considerations.</t> productive participants.</t>
<t>We acknowledge all of the past "Tao of the IETF" editors:</t>
</section> <ul spacing="normal">
<section anchor="iana-considerations" title="IANA Considerations"> <li><t><contact fullname="Gary Scott Malkin"/></t></li>
<li><t><contact fullname="Susan R. Harris"/></t></li>
<t>This document has no IANA actions.</t> <li><t><contact fullname="Paul Hoffman"/></t></li>
<li><t><contact fullname="Kathleen Moriarty"/></t></li>
</section> <li><t><contact fullname="Niels ten Oever"/></t></li>
</ul>
</middle> <t>We also acknowledge all the work of the translators that made the Tao
accessible to many different audiences.</t>
<back> <t>Finally, we also want to acknowledge the work of countless
contributors over the years.</t>
<references title='Informative References'> </section>
<reference anchor='RFC1391' target='https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc1391'>
<front>
<title>The Tao of the IETF: A Guide for New Attendees of the Internet Engine
ering Task Force</title>
<author fullname='G. Malkin' initials='G.' surname='Malkin'/>
<date month='January' year='1993'/>
<abstract>
<t>The purpose of this For Your Information (FYI) RFC is to explain to the
newcomers how the IETF works. This will give them a warm, fuzzy feeling and ena
ble them to make the meeting more productive for everyone. This memo provides in
formation for the Internet community. It does not specify an Internet standard.<
/t>
</abstract>
</front>
<seriesInfo name='RFC' value='1391'/>
<seriesInfo name='DOI' value='10.17487/RFC1391'/>
</reference>
<reference anchor='RFC1718' target='https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc1718'>
<front>
<title>The Tao of IETF - A Guide for New Attendees of the Internet Engineeri
ng Task Force</title>
<author>
<organization abbrev='IETF'>IETF Secretariat</organization>
</author>
<author fullname='G. Malkin' initials='G.' surname='Malkin'/>
<date month='November' year='1994'/>
<abstract>
<t>The purpose of this For Your Information (FYI) RFC is to explain to the
newcomers how the IETF works. This memo provides information for the Internet c
ommunity. It does not specify an Internet standard. [FYI 17]</t>
</abstract>
</front>
<seriesInfo name='RFC' value='1718'/>
<seriesInfo name='DOI' value='10.17487/RFC1718'/>
</reference>
<reference anchor='RFC1539' target='https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc1539'>
<front>
<title>The Tao of IETF - A Guide for New Attendees of the Internet Engineeri
ng Task Force</title>
<author fullname='G. Malkin' initials='G.' surname='Malkin'/>
<date month='October' year='1993'/>
<abstract>
<t>The purpose of this For Your Information (FYI) RFC is to explain to the
newcomers how the IETF works. This memo provides information for the Internet c
ommunity. It does not specify an Internet standard. [FYI 17]</t>
</abstract>
</front>
<seriesInfo name='RFC' value='1539'/>
<seriesInfo name='DOI' value='10.17487/RFC1539'/>
</reference>
<reference anchor='RFC3160' target='https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3160'>
<front>
<title>The Tao of IETF - A Novice's Guide to the Internet Engineering Task F
orce</title>
<author fullname='S. Harris' initials='S.' surname='Harris'/>
<date month='August' year='2001'/>
<abstract>
<t>This document describes the inner workings of IETF meetings and Working
Groups, discusses organizations related to the IETF, and introduces the standar
ds process. This memo provides information for the Internet community.</t>
</abstract>
</front>
<seriesInfo name='RFC' value='3160'/>
<seriesInfo name='DOI' value='10.17487/RFC3160'/>
</reference>
<reference anchor='RFC4677' target='https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4677'>
<front>
<title>The Tao of IETF - A Novice's Guide to the Internet Engineering Task F
orce</title>
<author fullname='P. Hoffman' initials='P.' surname='Hoffman'/>
<author fullname='S. Harris' initials='S.' surname='Harris'/>
<date month='September' year='2006'/>
<abstract>
<t>This document describes the inner workings of IETF meetings and Working
Groups, discusses organizations related to the IETF, and introduces the standar
ds process. It is not a formal IETF process document but instead an informationa
l overview. This memo provides information for the Internet community.</t>
</abstract>
</front>
<seriesInfo name='RFC' value='4677'/>
<seriesInfo name='DOI' value='10.17487/RFC4677'/>
</reference>
<reference anchor='RFC6722' target='https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6722'>
<front>
<title>Publishing the "Tao of the IETF" as a Web Page</title>
<author fullname='P. Hoffman' initials='P.' role='editor' surname='Hoffman'/
>
<date month='August' year='2012'/>
<abstract>
<t>This document describes how the "Tao of the IETF", which has been publi
shed as a series of RFCs in the past, is instead being published as a web page.
It also contains the procedure for publishing and editing that web page. This do
cument is not an Internet Standards Track specification; it is published for inf
ormational purposes.</t>
</abstract>
</front>
<seriesInfo name='RFC' value='6722'/>
<seriesInfo name='DOI' value='10.17487/RFC6722'/>
</reference>
</references>
</back> </back>
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