Network Working Group A. Newton Internet-Draft ARIN Intended status: Standards Track S. Hollenbeck Expires: March 4, 2013 Verisign Labs K. Ranjbar RIPE NCC A. Servin LACNIC B. Ellacott APNIC August 31, 2012 JSON Responses to RESTful URL Queries for RIRs and DNRs draft-newton-weirds-unified-json-response-00 Abstract This document describes responses in the JSON format to the RESTful queries described in draft-hollenbeck-weirds-unified-query. Status of this Memo This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79. Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet- Drafts is at http://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/. Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." This Internet-Draft will expire on March 4, 2013. Copyright Notice Copyright (c) 2012 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the document authors. All rights reserved. This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document. Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect Newton, et al. Expires March 4, 2013 [Page 1] Internet-Draft RIR RESTful JSON RESPONSES August 2012 to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as described in the Simplified BSD License. Table of Contents 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2. Common Data Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 3. The Entity Object Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 3.1. The RIR Entity Object Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 3.2. The DNR Entity Object Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 4. The Nameserver Object Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 5. The Domain Object Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 5.1. The RIR Domain Object Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 5.2. The DNR Domain Object Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 6. The IP Network Object Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 7. Autonomous System Number Entity Object Type . . . . . . . . . 22 8. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Appendix A. Suggested Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 A.1. Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 A.2. Roles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 A.3. URI Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Appendix B. Suggested Data Modeling with the Entity Object Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 B.1. Registrants and Contacts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 B.2. Registrars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Appendix C. IDN Query and Response Model . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Newton, et al. Expires March 4, 2013 [Page 2] Internet-Draft RIR RESTful JSON RESPONSES August 2012 1. Introduction This document describes responses in the JSON [RFC4627] format for the RESTful web queries as defined by UNIFIED-RDAP-QUERY [I-D.hollenbeck-weirds-unified-query]. The signalling for JSON, JSON naming scheme, JSON namespace and extension mechanism and normalized references to other specifications are documented in RDAP-HTTP [I-D.designteam-weirds-using-http]. The data model for the responses consists of two major categories: responses returned by Regional Internet Registries (RIRs) for registrations data related to IP addresses, reverse DNS names, and Autonomous System numbers; and responses returned by Domain Name Registries (DNRs) for registration data related to forward DNS names. Where overlap exists between RIR and DNR reponse object types, the RIR object types are a proper subset of the DNR object types. The components of the DNR object types are derived from a categorization of WHOIS response formats created by Ning Kong, Linlin Zhou, and Guangqing Deng of CNNIC, Steve Sheng and Francisco Arias of ICANN, Ray Bellis of Nominet, and Frederico Neves of NIC.BR. Newton, et al. Expires March 4, 2013 [Page 3] Internet-Draft RIR RESTful JSON RESPONSES August 2012 2. Common Data Types JSON [RFC4627] defines the data types of a number, character string, boolean, array, object and null. This section describes the semantics and/or syntax reference for data types used in this document derived from the JSON character string. 'handle': DNRs and RIRs have registry-unique identifiers that may be used to specifically reference an instance of an object type. The semantics of this data type as found in this document is to be a registry-unique reference to the closest enclosing object where the value is found. The data type names 'registryId', 'roid', 'nic-handle', 'registrationNo', etc... are terms often synomous with this data type. In this document, the term 'handle' is used. The term exposed to users by clients is a presentation issue beyond the scope of this document. IPv4 addresses: The representation of IPv4 addresses in this document uses the dotted-decimal notation described in [RFC1166]. An example of this textual representation is '192.0.2.0'. IPv6 addresses: The representation of IPv6 addresses in this document follow the forms outlined in [RFC5952]. An example of this textual representation is '2001:db8::1:0:0:1'. country codes: Where the identity of a geopolitical nation or country is needed, these identities are represented with the alpha-2 or 2 charachter country code designation as defined in [ISO.3166.1988]. The alpha-2 representation is used because it is freely available whereas the alpha-3 and numeric-3 standards are not. domain names: Textual representations of DNS names follow the rules set forth in [RFC4343], specifically the case insensitivity and character escaping rules. email addresses: Textual representations of email addresses follow the syntax defined in [RFC5322]. dates and times: The syntax for values denoting dates and times is defined in [RFC3339]. URIs: The syntax for values denoting a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) is defined by [RFC3986]. Newton, et al. Expires March 4, 2013 [Page 4] Internet-Draft RIR RESTful JSON RESPONSES August 2012 3. The Entity Object Type The Entity object type appears throughout this document and is an appropriate response for the /entity/XXXX query defined in UNIFIED- RDAP-QUERY [I-D.hollenbeck-weirds-unified-query]. The object type represents the information of organizations, corporations, governments, non-profits, clubs, individual persons, and informal groups of people. All of these representations are so similar that it is best to represent them in JSON [RFC4627] with one construct, the Entity object type, to aid in the re-use of code by implementers. Many of the members of the Entity object type are repeated in other object types described later in this document. Newton, et al. Expires March 4, 2013 [Page 5] Internet-Draft RIR RESTful JSON RESPONSES August 2012 3.1. The RIR Entity Object Type The following is an example of an RIR entity: { "handle" : "XXXX", "names": [ "Joe Bob, Inc.", "Bobby Joe Shopping" ], "roles" : [ "registrant" ], "postalAddress" : [ "123 Maple Ave", "Suite 90001", "Vancouver", "BC", "12393" ], "emails" : [ "joe@bob.com", "bob@joe.com" ], "phones" : { "office" : [ "999-999-999-99", "111-111-111-11" ], "fax" : [ "222-222-222-22" ], "mobile" : [ "333-333-333-33" ] }, "remarks" : [ "she sells seas shells", "down by the seashore" ], "uris" : [ { "type" : "source", "uri" : "http://whois-rws.net/contact/xxxx" }, { "type" : "held", "uri" : "http://example.net/location/xxxx" } ], "registrationDate" : "1990-12-31T23:59:60Z", "lastChangedDate" : "1990-12-31T23:59:60Z", "lastChangedBy" : "joe@bob.com" } This object as the following members. o handle -- a string representing an registry unique identifier of the entity Newton, et al. Expires March 4, 2013 [Page 6] Internet-Draft RIR RESTful JSON RESPONSES August 2012 o names -- an array of strings, each signifying the name of the entity o roles -- an array of strings, each signifying the relationship an object would have with its closest containing object. o postalAddress -- an array of string, each representing a line in a postal address. o emails -- an array of strings, each containing an email address for the entity o phones -- an object containg telephone information associated with the entity, with the following members: * office -- an array of strings, each being a telephone number * fax -- an array of strings, each being a telephone number * mobile -- an array of strings, each being a telephone number o remarks -- an array of strings, each containing comments about the entity o uris -- an array of objects, each object having the following members: * type -- a string denoting the application type of the "uri" value * uri -- a string containing a URI [RFC3986] o registrationDate -- a string containing the date the entity was registered o lastChangedDate -- a string containing the date of last change made to the entity o lastChangedBy -- a string containing an identifier of the party responsible for the last change made to the entity registration 3.2. The DNR Entity Object Type The DNR Entity object type is a superset of the RIR Entity object type (Section 3.1). It has the following additional members: o registrationBy -- a string containing an identifier of the party responsible for the registration of the entity Newton, et al. Expires March 4, 2013 [Page 7] Internet-Draft RIR RESTful JSON RESPONSES August 2012 o sponsoredBy -- a string containing an identifier of the party through which the registration was made, such as an IANA approved registrar o resoldBy -- a string containing an identifier of the party originating the registration of the entity. o status -- an array of strings indicating the state of the entity Newton, et al. Expires March 4, 2013 [Page 8] Internet-Draft RIR RESTful JSON RESPONSES August 2012 The following is an example of a DNR entity: { "handle" : "XXXX", "names": [ "Joe Bob, Inc.", "Bobby Joe Shopping" ], "status" : [ "validated", "locked" ], "postalAddress" : [ "123 Maple Ave", "Suite 90001", "Vancouver", "BC", "12393" ], "emails" : [ "joe@bob.com", "bob@joe.com" ], "phones" : { "office" : [ "999-999-999-99", "111-111-111-11" ], "fax" : [ "222-222-222-22" ], "mobile" : [ "333-333-333-33" ] }, "remarks" : [ "she sells seas shells", "down by the seashore" ], "uris" : [ { "type" : "source", "uri" : "http://whois-rws.net/entity/xxxx" }, { "type" : "held", "uri" : "http://example.net/location/xxxx" } ], "registrationDate" : "1990-12-31T23:59:60Z", "registrationBy" : "ABC123", "lastChangedDate" : "1990-12-31T23:59:60Z", "lastChangedBy" : "ABC123", "sponsoredBy" : "SponsorXYZ", "resoldBy" : "ResellerPDQ" } Newton, et al. Expires March 4, 2013 [Page 9] Internet-Draft RIR RESTful JSON RESPONSES August 2012 4. The Nameserver Object Type The nameserver object type is used by both RIRs and DNRs. Unlike other object types used by both registries where the RIR object type is a subset of the DNR object type, a clear delineation is not made with the nameserver object type because some DNRs have the same or a similar registration model as the RIRs. RIRs and some DNRs register or expose nameserver information as an attribute of a domain name, while other DNRs model nameservers as first class objects. The nameserver object type accomodates both models and degrees of variation in between. The following is an example of a nameserver object type. { "handle" : "XXXX", "name" : "ns1.example.com", "status" : "active", "ipAddresses" : [ "192.0.2.0", "192.0.2.1" ], "remarks" : [ "she sells seas shells", "down by the seashore" ], "uris" : [ { "type" : "source", "uri" : "http://example.net/nameserver/xxxx" } ], "registrationDate" : "1990-12-31T23:59:60Z", "registrationBy" : "ABC123", "lastChangedDate" : "1990-12-31T23:59:60Z", "lastChangedBy" : "ABC123", "sponsoredBy" : "SponsorXYZ", "resoldBy" : "ResellerPDQ" } Figure 1 Figure 1 is an example of a nameserver object with all values given. Registries using a first-class nameserver data model would embed this in domain objects as well as allowing references to it with the /nameserver query type (all depending on the registry operators policy). Other registries may pair back the information as needed. Figure 2 is an example of a nameserver object as would be found in Newton, et al. Expires March 4, 2013 [Page 10] Internet-Draft RIR RESTful JSON RESPONSES August 2012 RIRs and some DNRs, while Figure 3 is an example of a nameserver object as would be found in other DNRs. The following is an example of the simplest nameserver object type. { "name" : "ns1.example.com" } Figure 2 The following is an example of a simple nameserver object type that might be commonly used by DNRs. { "name" : "ns1.example.com", "ipAddresses" : [ "192.0.2.0", "192.0.2.1" ] } Figure 3 The nameserver object type has the following members: o handle -- a string representing an registry unique identifier of the nameserver o name -- a string containing the DNS name of the nameserver o ipAddresses -- an array of strings containing IPv4 and/or IPv6 addresses of the nameserver The members "status", "remarks", "uris", "sponsoredBy", "resoldBy", "registrationBy", "registrationDate", "lastChangedDate", and "lastChangedBy" take the same form of the members of the same name of the entity object (Section 3). Newton, et al. Expires March 4, 2013 [Page 11] Internet-Draft RIR RESTful JSON RESPONSES August 2012 5. The Domain Object Type The domain object type represents a DNS name and point of delegation. For RIRs these delegation points are in the reverse DNS tree, whereas for DNRs these delegation points are in the forward DNS tree. The RIR domain object type is a subset of the DNR object type. In both cases, the high level structure of the domain object type consists of information about the domain registration, nameserver information related to the domain name, and entities related to the domain name (e.g. registrant information, contacts, etc...). The following is an elided example of the domain object type showing the high level structure. { "handle" : "XXX", "name" : "blah.example.com", ... "nameServers" : [ ... ], ... "entities" : [ ... ] } 5.1. The RIR Domain Object Type The following is an example of a JSON object representing a reverse DNS delegation point or the RIR domain object type. { "handle" : "XXXX", "name" : "192.in-addr.arpa", "nameServers" : [ { "name" : "ns1.rir.net" }, { "name" : "ns2.rir.net" } ], "delegationKeys" : [ { "algorithm": 7, "digest" : "E68C017BD813B9AE2F4DD28E61AD014F859ED44C", "digestType" : 1, Newton, et al. Expires March 4, 2013 [Page 12] Internet-Draft RIR RESTful JSON RESPONSES August 2012 "keyTag" : 53814 } ], "remarks" : [ "she sells seas shells", "down by the seashore" ], "uris" : [ { "type" : "source", "uri" : "http://whois-rws.net/network/xxxx" }, { "type" : "parent", "uri" : "http://whois-rws.net/network/yyyy" }, { "type" : "held", "uri" : "http://example.net/location/xxxx" } ], "registrationDate" : "1990-12-31T23:59:60Z", "lastChangedDate" : "1990-12-31T23:59:60Z", "lastChangedBy" : "joe@bob.com", "entities" : [ { "handle" : "XXXX", "names": [ "Joe Bob, Inc.", "Bobby Joe Shopping" ], "roles" : [ "registrant" ], "postalAddress" : [ "123 Maple Ave", "Suite 90001", "Vancouver", "BC", "12393" ], "emails" : [ "joe@bob.com", "bob@joe.com" ], "phones" : { "office" : [ "999-999-999-99", "111-111-111-11" ], "fax" : [ "222-222-222-22" ], "mobile" : [ "333-333-333-33" ] }, "remarks" : [ "she sells seas shells", "down by the seashore" ], "uris" : [ { Newton, et al. Expires March 4, 2013 [Page 13] Internet-Draft RIR RESTful JSON RESPONSES August 2012 "type" : "source", "uri" : "http://whois-rws.net/entity/xxxx" }, { "type" : "held", "uri" : "http://example.net/location/xxxx" } ], "registrationDate" : "1990-12-31T23:59:60Z", "lastChangedDate" : "1990-12-31T23:59:60Z", "lastChangedBy" : "joe@bob.com" } ] } The following is a description of the members of this object: o handle -- a string representing a registry unique identifier of the domain object instance o name -- a string denoting the DNS zone name, which is a domain name o nameservers -- an array of strings, each being a fully qualified DNS name of a namesever o delegationKeys -- an array of objects, each with the following members: * algorithm -- an integer as specified by the algorithm field of a DNS DS record as specified by RFC 4034 [RFC4034] in presentation format * digest -- an string as specified by the digest field of a DNS DS record as specified by RFC 4034 in presentation format * digestType -- an integer as specified by the digest type field of a DNS DS record as specified by RFC 4034 in presetnation format * keyTag -- an integer as specified by the key tag field of a DNS DS record as specified by RFC 4034 in presentation format o entities -- an array of entity objects as defined by Section 3.1. The members "remarks", "uris", "registrationDate", "lastChangedDate", and "lastChangedBy" take the same form of the members of the same Newton, et al. Expires March 4, 2013 [Page 14] Internet-Draft RIR RESTful JSON RESPONSES August 2012 name of the entity object (Section 3). 5.2. The DNR Domain Object Type The DNR domain object type is a superset of the RIR domain object type (Section 5.1) and has the following additional members. o nameServers -- (see note below) o variants -- an array of strings, each containing a domain name that is a variant of this domain name object instance. o expirationDate -- a string containing the date and time this domain name registration will expire o registrationBy -- a string containing an identifier of the party responsible for the registration of the domain name o sponsoredBy -- a string containing an identifier of the party through which the registration was made, such as an IANA approved registrar o resoldBy -- a string containing an identifier of the party originating the registration of the domain name o status -- an array of strings indicating the state of the domain name o transferDate -- a string containing the date and time this domain name was transferred The following is an example of a JSON object representing a forward DNS delegation point or the DNR domain object type. { "handle" : "XXXX", "name" : "blah.example.com", "variants" : [ "blah2.example.com", "blah3.example.com" ], "status" : [ "locked", "transferProhibited" ], "nameServers" : [ { "handle" : "XXXX", "name" : "ns1.example.com", "status" : "active", "ipAddresses" : [ "192.0.2.0", "192.0.2.1" ], "remarks" : [ "she sells seas shells", Newton, et al. Expires March 4, 2013 [Page 15] Internet-Draft RIR RESTful JSON RESPONSES August 2012 "down by the seashore" ], "uris" : [ { "type" : "source", "uri" : "http://example.net/nameserver/xxxx" } ], "registrationDate" : "1990-12-31T23:59:60Z", "registrationBy" : "ABC123", "lastChangedDate" : "1990-12-31T23:59:60Z", "lastChangedBy" : "ABC123", "sponsoredBy" : "SponsorXYZ", "resoldBy" : "ResellerPDQ" }, { "handle" : "XXXX", "name" : "ns2.example.com", "status" : "active", "ipAddresses" : [ "192.0.2.2", "192.0.2.3" ], "remarks" : [ "she sells seas shells", "down by the seashore" ], "uris" : [ { "type" : "source", "uri" : "http://example.net/nameserver/xxxx" } ], "registrationDate" : "1990-12-31T23:59:60Z", "registrationBy" : "ABC123", "lastChangedDate" : "1990-12-31T23:59:60Z", "lastChangedBy" : "ABC123", "sponsoredBy" : "SponsorXYZ", "resoldBy" : "ResellerPDQ" } ] "delegationKeys" : [ { "algorithm": 7, "digest" : "E68C017BD813B9AE2F4DD28E61AD014F859ED44C", "digestType" : 1, "keyTag" : 53814 } ], "remarks" : [ "she sells seas shells", Newton, et al. Expires March 4, 2013 [Page 16] Internet-Draft RIR RESTful JSON RESPONSES August 2012 "down by the seashore" ], "uris" : [ { "type" : "source", "uri" : "http://example.net/domain/xxxx" }, { "type" : "held", "uri" : "http://example.net/location/xxxx" } ], "registrationDate" : "1990-12-31T23:59:60Z", "registrationBy" : "ABC123", "lastChangedDate" : "1990-12-31T23:59:60Z", "lastChangedBy" : "ABC123", "sponsoredBy" : "SponsorXYZ", "resoldBy" : "ResellerPDQ", "expirationDate" : "2016-12-31T23:59:60Z", "transferDate" : "1990-12-31T23:59:60Z", "entities" : [ { "handle" : "XXXX", "names": [ "Joe Bob, Inc.", "Bobby Joe Shopping" ], "status" : [ "validated", "locked" ], "postalAddress" : [ "123 Maple Ave", "Suite 90001", "Vancouver", "BC", "12393" ], "emails" : [ "joe@bob.com", "bob@joe.com" ], "phones" : { "office" : [ "999-999-999-99", "111-111-111-11" ], "fax" : [ "222-222-222-22" ], "mobile" : [ "333-333-333-33" ] }, "remarks" : [ "she sells seas shells", "down by the seashore" ], "uris" : [ { "type" : "source", "uri" : "http://whois-rws.net/entity/xxxx" }, { Newton, et al. Expires March 4, 2013 [Page 17] Internet-Draft RIR RESTful JSON RESPONSES August 2012 "type" : "held", "uri" : "http://example.net/location/xxxx" } ], "registrationDate" : "1990-12-31T23:59:60Z", "registrationBy" : "ABC123", "lastChangedDate" : "1990-12-31T23:59:60Z", "lastChangedBy" : "ABC123", "sponsoredBy" : "SponsorXYZ", "resoldBy" : "ResellerPDQ" } ] } Newton, et al. Expires March 4, 2013 [Page 18] Internet-Draft RIR RESTful JSON RESPONSES August 2012 6. The IP Network Object Type The IP Network object type models IP network registrations found in RIRs. There is no equivalent object type for DNRs. The high level structure of the IP network object type consists of information about the network registration and entities related to the IP network (e.g. registrant information, contacts, etc...). The following is an elided example of the IP network object type showing the high level structure. { "handle" : "XXX", ... "entities" : [ ... ] } The following is an example of the JSON object for the network registration information { "handle" : "XXXX-RIR", "startAddress" : "10.0.0.0", "endAddress" : "10.0.0.255", "ipVersion" : 4, "name": "NET-RTR-1", "description" : [ "A network used for routing" ], "type" : "DIRECT ALLOCATION", "country" : "AU", "parentHandle" : "YYYY-RIR", "remarks" : [ "she sells seas shells", "down by the seashore" ], "uris" : [ { "type" : "source", "uri" : "http://whois-rws.net/network/xxxx" }, { "type" : "parent", "uri" : "http://whois-rws.net/network/yyyy" }, Newton, et al. Expires March 4, 2013 [Page 19] Internet-Draft RIR RESTful JSON RESPONSES August 2012 ], "registrationDate" : "20110509", "lastChangedDate" : "20110509", "lastChangedBy" : "joe@bob.com", "entities" : [ { "handle" : "XXXX", "names": [ "Joe Bob, Inc.", "Bobby Joe Shopping" ], "roles" : [ "registrant" ], "postalAddress" : [ "123 Maple Ave", "Suite 90001", "Vancouver", "BC", "12393" ], "emails" : [ "joe@bob.com", "bob@joe.com" ], "phones" : { "office" : [ "999-999-999-99", "111-111-111-11" ], "fax" : [ "222-222-222-22" ], "mobile" : [ "333-333-333-33" ] }, "remarks" : [ "she sells seas shells", "down by the seashore" ], "uris" : [ { "type" : "source", "uri" : "http://whois-rws.net/contact/xxxx" }, { "type" : "held", "uri" : "http://example.net/location/xxxx" } ], "registrationDate" : "1990-12-31T23:59:60Z", "lastChangedDate" : "1990-12-31T23:59:60Z", "lastChangedBy" : "joe@bob.com" } ] } The following is a description of the members of this object: o handle -- a string representing an RIR unique identifier of the network registration Newton, et al. Expires March 4, 2013 [Page 20] Internet-Draft RIR RESTful JSON RESPONSES August 2012 o startAddress -- the starting IP address of the network, either IPv4 or IPv6 o endAddress -- the ending IP address of the network, either IPv4 or IPv6 o ipVersion -- an integer signifying the IP protocol version of the network: 4 signifying an IPv4 network, 6 signifing an IPv6 network o name -- an identifier assigned to the network registration by the registration holder o description -- an array of strings containing descriptive text about the network registration o type -- a string containing an RIR specific classification of the network o country -- a string containing the name of the 2 character country code of the network o parentHandle -- a string containing an RIR unique identifier of the parent network of this network registration o entities -- an array of entity objects as defined by Section 3.1. The members "remarks", "uris", "registrationDate", "lastChangedDate", and "lastChangedBy" take the same form of the members of the same name of the entity object (Section 3). Newton, et al. Expires March 4, 2013 [Page 21] Internet-Draft RIR RESTful JSON RESPONSES August 2012 7. Autonomous System Number Entity Object Type The Autonomous System Number (autnum) object type models Autonomous System Number registrations found in RIRs. There is no equivalent object type for DNRs. The high level structure of the autnum object type consists of information about the network registration and entities related to the autnum registration (e.g. registrant information, contacts, etc...), and is similar to the IP Network entity object type. The following is an example of a JSON object representing an autnum. { "handle" : "XXXX-RIR", "startAutnum" : "10", "endAutnum" : "15", "name": "AS-RTR-1", "description" : [ "AS for Exchange" ], "type" : "DIRECT ALLOCATION", "country": "AU", "remarks" : [ "she sells seas shells", "down by the seashore" ], "uris" : [ { "type" : "source", "uri" : "http://whois-rws.net/autnum/xxxx" }, { "type" : "parent", "uri" : "http://whois-rws.net/autnum/yyyy" }, { "type" : "held", "uri" : "http://example.net/location/xxxx" } ], "registrationDate" : "20110509", "lastChangedDate" : "20110509", "lastChangedBy" : "joe@bob.com", "entities" : [ { "handle" : "XXXX", "names": [ "Joe Bob, Inc.", "Bobby Joe Shopping" ], "roles" : [ "registrant" ], "postalAddress" : [ Newton, et al. Expires March 4, 2013 [Page 22] Internet-Draft RIR RESTful JSON RESPONSES August 2012 "123 Maple Ave", "Suite 90001", "Vancouver", "BC", "12393" ], "emails" : [ "joe@bob.com", "bob@joe.com" ], "phones" : { "office" : [ "999-999-999-99", "111-111-111-11" ], "fax" : [ "222-222-222-22" ], "mobile" : [ "333-333-333-33" ] }, "remarks" : [ "she sells seas shells", "down by the seashore" ], "uris" : [ { "type" : "source", "uri" : "http://whois-rws.net/autnum/xxxx" } ], "registrationDate" : "1990-12-31T23:59:60Z", "lastChangedDate" : "1990-12-31T23:59:60Z", "lastChangedBy" : "joe@bob.com" } ] } The following is a description of the members of this object: o handle -- a string representing an RIR unique identifier of the autnum registration o startAutnum -- the starting number [RFC5396] in the block of autonomous system numbers o endAutnum -- the ending number [RFC5396] in the block of autonomous system numbers o name -- an identifier assigned to the autnum registration by the registration holder o description -- an array of strings containing descriptive text about the autnum registration Newton, et al. Expires March 4, 2013 [Page 23] Internet-Draft RIR RESTful JSON RESPONSES August 2012 o type -- a string containing an RIR specific classification of the autnum o country -- a string containing the name of the 2 character country code of the autnum The members "remarks", "uris", "registrationDate", "lastChangedDate", and "lastChangedBy" take the same form of the members of the same name of the entity object (Section 3). Newton, et al. Expires March 4, 2013 [Page 24] Internet-Draft RIR RESTful JSON RESPONSES August 2012 8. Normative References [I-D.hollenbeck-weirds-unified-query] Newton, A., Ranjbar, K., Servin, A., and S. Hollenbeck, "Unified RDAP Query Format", draft-newton-et-al-weirds-rir-query-00 (work in progress), September 2011. [RFC0791] Postel, J., "Internet Protocol", STD 5, RFC 791, September 1981. [RFC4627] Crockford, D., "The application/json Media Type for JavaScript Object Notation (JSON)", RFC 4627, July 2006. [RFC5322] Resnick, P., Ed., "Internet Message Format", RFC 5322, October 2008. [RFC5952] Kawamura, S. and M. Kawashima, "A Recommendation for IPv6 Address Text Representation", RFC 5952, August 2010. [RFC4034] Arends, R., Austein, R., Larson, M., Massey, D., and S. Rose, "Resource Records for the DNS Security Extensions", RFC 4034, March 2005. [RFC5396] Huston, G. and G. Michaelson, "Textual Representation of Autonomous System (AS) Numbers", RFC 5396, December 2008. [RFC3986] Berners-Lee, T., Fielding, R., and L. Masinter, "Uniform Resource Identifier (URI): Generic Syntax", STD 66, RFC 3986, January 2005. [RFC2616] Fielding, R., Gettys, J., Mogul, J., Frystyk, H., Masinter, L., Leach, P., and T. Berners-Lee, "Hypertext Transfer Protocol -- HTTP/1.1", RFC 2616, June 1999. [RFC3339] Klyne, G., Ed. and C. Newman, "Date and Time on the Internet: Timestamps", RFC 3339, July 2002. [RFC1166] Kirkpatrick, S., Stahl, M., and M. Recker, "Internet numbers", RFC 1166, July 1990. [ISO.3166.1988] International Organization for Standardization, "Codes for the representation of names of countries, 3rd edition", ISO Standard 3166, August 1988. [RFC4343] Eastlake, D., "Domain Name System (DNS) Case Insensitivity Clarification", RFC 4343, January 2006. Newton, et al. Expires March 4, 2013 [Page 25] Internet-Draft RIR RESTful JSON RESPONSES August 2012 [I-D.designteam-weirds-using-http] Newton, A., Ranjbar, K., Servin, A., Ellacott, B., Hollenbeck, S., Sheng, S., Arias, F., Kong, N., and F. Obispo, "Using HTTP for RESTful Whois Services by Internet Registries", draft-designteam-weirds-using-http-01 (work in progress), May 2012. Newton, et al. Expires March 4, 2013 [Page 26] Internet-Draft RIR RESTful JSON RESPONSES August 2012 Appendix A. Suggested Values Due to the wide variation between the hundreds of registry operators and the on-going policy refinement by registry communities, values of some data cannot be formally standardized. This section lists suggested values for such data but is not nor will ever be a complete of values and their meanings. A.1. Status Many of the object types have a member named 'status'. This member is an array of strings, with each string denoting a status associated with the object instance. The following is a list of suggested values to use in the 'status' array: o 'validated' -- Signifies that the data of the object instance has been found to be accurate. This type of status is usually found on Entity object instances to note the validity of identifying contact information. o 'update prohibited' -- Updates to the object instance are forbidden. o 'transfer prohibited' -- Transfers of the registration from one registrar to another are forbidden. This type of status normally applies to DNR domain names. o 'delete prohibited' -- Deletion of the registration of the object instance is forbidden. This type of status normally applies to DNR domain names. A.2. Roles Entity object types have a member named 'roles'. This member is an array of strings, with each string indicating the role or relationship the Entity object instance has with a containing object, such as a domain name or IP network. An Entity object instance can have more than one type of relationship with a containing object. The following is a list of suggested values to use in the 'roles' array: o 'registrant' -- The Entity object instance is the registrant of the registration. o 'tech' -- The Entity object instance is a technical contact for the registration. Newton, et al. Expires March 4, 2013 [Page 27] Internet-Draft RIR RESTful JSON RESPONSES August 2012 o 'admin' -- The Entity object instance is an administrative contact for the registraton. o 'abuse' -- The Entity object instance handles network abuse issues on behalf of the registrant of the registration. o 'billing' -- The Entity object instance handles payment and billing issues on behalf of the registrant of the registration. o 'registrar' -- The Entity object instance represents the authority responsible for the registration in the registry. A.3. URI Types Many of the object types have a member named 'uris', which is an array of objects with each object containing a 'type' string and a 'uri' string. These URIs represent a location to find information about the containing object. The following is a list of suggested values to use as a 'type' string for an associated URI. o 'self' -- Indicates the URI is a direct reference to the object instance via an RDAP query. o 'parent' -- Indicates a direct reference to an object instance's parent via an RDAP query. Such a reference might be used in an IP network to reference next IP network up the tree of IP address hierarchies. o 'source' -- Signifies a direct reference to the registration in another protocol. As an example, both ARIN and the RIPE NCC have RESTful web services for Whois data that pre-exists RDAP. This type of URI would be used to reference the same data in such a system. o 'web' -- Signifies the web site of the containing object instance. The expectation is that a web browser would be needed to use this URI. o 'rdap' -- Signifies the RDAP service where RDAP queries can be issued. o 'held' -- Signifies a HELD location service for the registered object. o 'geo' -- Signifies that the URI is a geo URI related to the location of the registration. Newton, et al. Expires March 4, 2013 [Page 28] Internet-Draft RIR RESTful JSON RESPONSES August 2012 Appendix B. Suggested Data Modeling with the Entity Object Type B.1. Registrants and Contacts This document does not provide specific objects for registrants and contacts. Instead the Entity object type may be used to represent a registrant or contact. When the Entity object instance is embedded inside a containing object such as a domain name or IP network, the 'roles' string array can be used to signify the relationship. It is recommended that the values from Appendix A.2 be used. The following is an example of an elided containing object with an embedded entity that is both a registrant and admin contact: { ... "entities" : [ { "handle" : "XXXX", "names": [ "Joe Bob, Inc.", "Bobby Joe Shopping" ], "roles" : [ "registrant", "admin" ], "postalAddress" : [ "123 Maple Ave", "Suite 90001", "Vancouver", "BC", "12393" ], "emails" : [ "joe@bob.com", "bob@joe.com" ], "phones" : { "office" : [ "999-999-999-99", "111-111-111-11" ], "fax" : [ "222-222-222-22" ], "mobile" : [ "333-333-333-33" ] }, "remarks" : [ "she sells seas shells", "down by the seashore" ], "registrationDate" : "1990-12-31T23:59:60Z", "lastChangedDate" : "1990-12-31T23:59:60Z", "lastChangedBy" : "joe@bob.com" } ] } Newton, et al. Expires March 4, 2013 [Page 29] Internet-Draft RIR RESTful JSON RESPONSES August 2012 B.2. Registrars This document does not provide a specific object type for registrars, but like registrants and contacts (see Appendix B.1) the 'roles' string array maybe used. Additionally, a URI type can signify the registrars point of service (see Appendix A.3). The following is an example of an elided containing object with an embedded entity that is a registrar: { ... "entities" : [ { "handle" : "XXXX", "names": [ "RegistrarsRUS" ], "roles" : [ "registrar" ], "postalAddress" : [ "1212 Tulip Ave", "Suite 1", "Marina Del Rey", "CA", "12393-2193" ], "emails" : [ "joe@bob.com", "bob@joe.com" ], "phones" : { "office" : [ "999-999-999-99", "111-111-111-11" ], "fax" : [ "222-222-222-22" ], "mobile" : [ "333-333-333-33" ] }, "remarks" : [ "we registrar for less!" ], "uris" : [ { "type" : "rdap", "uri" : "http://rdap.exmaple.com" }, { "type" : "web", "uri" : "http://www.example.com" } ] } ] } Newton, et al. Expires March 4, 2013 [Page 30] Internet-Draft RIR RESTful JSON RESPONSES August 2012 Appendix C. IDN Query and Response Model Internationalized Domain Names (IDNs) differ from other types of domain names because multiple domain names as would be represented by a name in Master File format (see [RFC4343]) may be registered by a single IDN. IDNs are based on Unicode, and Unicode can have multiple means for encoding the same word depending on the character set and language being used. And the rules for determining which IDN encoding maps to a "wire-format" domain name vary from DNR to DNR. When an IDN maps to multiple domain names, the various mappings are called variants. The DNR Domain object type (Section 5.2) represents the variants using a string array. The following is an example of an elided DNR domain object with variants. { "handle" : "XXXX", "name" : "blah.example.com", "variants" : [ "blah2.example.com", "blah3.example.com" ], ... } Because IDNs can have multiple targets in a mapping and due to the variance in DNR mapping rules, it is up to the client to reduce an IDN to a domain name in Master File format so as to narrow the lookup of the domain name to the proper subset. A query of a DNR using the IDN itself might map across multiple registrations depending on the mapping rules of the DNR. Newton, et al. Expires March 4, 2013 [Page 31] Internet-Draft RIR RESTful JSON RESPONSES August 2012 Authors' Addresses Andrew Lee Newton American Registry for Internet Numbers 3635 Concorde Parkway Chantilly, VA 20151 US Email: andy@arin.net URI: http://www.arin.net Scott Hollenbeck Verisign Labs 12061 Bluemont Way Reston, VA 20190 US Email: shollenbeck@verisign.com URI: http://www.verisignlabs.com/ Kaveh Ranjbar RIPE Network Coordination Centre Singel 258 Amsterdam 1016AB NL Email: kranjbar@ripe.net URI: http://www.ripe.net Arturo L. Servin Latin American and Caribbean Internet Address Registry Rambla Republica de Mexico 6125 Montevideo 11300 UY Email: aservin@lacnic.net URI: http://www.lacnic.net Newton, et al. Expires March 4, 2013 [Page 32] Internet-Draft RIR RESTful JSON RESPONSES August 2012 Byron J. Ellacott Asia Pacific Network Information Center 6 Cordelia Street South Brisbane QLD 4101 Australia Email: bje@apnic.net URI: http://www.apnic.net Newton, et al. Expires March 4, 2013 [Page 33]